2024 Finnish presidential election

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2024 Finnish presidential election
← 2018 28 January 2024 2030 →
 
Candidate Alexander Stubb Pekka Haavisto Jussi Halla-aho
Party National Coalition Independent Finns
 
Candidate Olli Rehn Jutta Urpilainen Li Andersson
Party Independent SDP Left Alliance
 
Candidate Mika Aaltola Sari Essayah Hjallis Harkimo
Party Independent KD Liik
Incumbent President

Sauli Niinistö
Independent



The 2024 Finnish presidential election is to be held on Sunday, 28 January 2024, with a possible second round on Sunday, 11 February 2024.[1] Voters will elect the President of the Republic to a six-year term. Incumbent President Sauli Niinistö is term-limited and cannot run for re-election, having served the maximum two terms, ensuring the president elected will be the country's thirteenth.[2]

If the new president is chosen on the first ballot on 28 January by winning more than half of valid votes cast, their term will begin on 1 February 2024. Should the election go to a second ballot on 11 February, the term will begin on 1 March 2024.[3]

In order to vote in the election, the person must be a Finnish citizen and at least 18 years of age.[4]

Candidates

According to the constitution, the president must be a Finnish citizen by birth.[5]

A candidate may be nominated by a registered political party that has secured at least a single representative in the parliament in the preceding parliamentary election, or by a constituency association, a.k.a. independent, that has gathered at least 20 000 signatures from eligible voters. The whole country acts as a single constituency.[6]

Confirmed candidates

Out of the nine confirmed candidates, three are officially running as constituency association candidates while the rest have been nominated by a political party.[7]

Candidate name and age,
political party 		Political office(s) Campaign logo Details
Mika Aaltola
(54)
Independent 		Mika Aaltola None
Other offices
  • Director of the Finnish Institute of International Affairs (since 2019)
 Logo of Mika Aaltola Aaltola, the director of the Finnish Institute of International Affairs, gained media attention during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, and emerged as a surprise candidate in multiple presidential surveys. He announced his candidacy on 3 August 2023.
Li Andersson
(36)
Left Alliance 		Li Andersson Leader of the Left Alliance
(since 2016)
Other offices
 Li Andersson 2024 presidential campaign official logo Andersson served as Minister of Education in the Marin Cabinet from 2019 to 2020 and again from 2021 to 2023. She is the current leader of the Left Alliance. Anderson has consistently been one of the most popular candidates in her own electoral district and the country.
Sari Essayah
(56)
Christian Democrats 		Sari Essayah Minister of Agriculture and Forestry
(since 2023)
Other offices
 Essayah has served as Minister of Agriculture and Forestry in the Orpo Cabinet since 2023. Essayah had a successful career in sports, before she became a politician. She is the current leader of the Christian Democrats.
Pekka Haavisto
(65)
Independent (Green League) 		Pekka Haavisto MP for Helsinki
(1987–1995, since 2007)
Other offices
 Logo of Pekka Haavisto Haavisto, a Green League politician and United Nations diplomat, has run as a candidate for the office of President twice before, in 2012 and 2018, both times finishing second behind the incumbent President Sauli Niinistö. He is running as a candidate of an independent electoral association.
Jussi Halla-aho
(52)
Finns Party 		Jussi Halla-aho Speaker of the Parliament of Finland
(since 2023)
Other offices
 Halla-aho is the current Speaker of the Parliament of Finland. Before entering national politics, he was best known for criticising multiculturalism and Finland's immigration policies in his popular online blog.
Hjallis Harkimo
(70)
Movement Now 		Hjallis Harkimo Leader of the Movement Now
(since 2018)
Other offices
 Harkimo is a businessman who has led his own political party, Movement Now, since 2018. Harkimo, who made a career as an investor in sports, has also hosted the Finnish version of The Apprentice tv-show.
Olli Rehn
(61)
Independent (Centre Party) 		Olli Rehn Governor of the Bank of Finland
(since 2018)
Other offices
 Logo of Olli Rehn Rehn is an economist who has served as the governor of the Bank of Finland since 2018. He previously served as a European Commissioner from 2004 to 2014. Rehn runs in the election as a candidate of an independent electoral association with the endorsement of the Centre Party.
Alexander Stubb
(55)
National Coalition Party 		Alexander Stubb 43rd Prime Minister of Finland
(2014–2015)
Other offices
 Logo of Alexander Stubb Stubb began his career in politics in 2004, when he was elected to the European Parliament. After holding several offices as a minister, he served as the Prime Minister of Finland from 2014 to 2015. In the summer of 2017, Stubb was appointed Vice President of the European Investment Bank. Currently, he serves as a professor and the head of a unit at the European University Institute.
Jutta Urpilainen
(48)
Social Democratic Party of Finland 		Jutta Urpilainen European Commissioner for International Partnerships
(since 2019)
Other offices
 Urpilainen is the incumbent European Commissioner from Finland. Long time MP and leader of the Social Democratic Party, she worked as the Minister of Finance from 2011 to 2014.

Unsuccessful candidacies

The following notable individuals sought to register as independent candidates, but were unable to collect the 20,000 supporter cards required for registration:

Candidate name and age,
political party 		Political office(s) Campaign logo Details
Ano Turtiainen
(56)
 Ano Turtiainen MP for Southeast Finland
(2019–2023)
 Turtiainen is a former Member of Finnish Parliament for the Finns Party. After he was expelled from the Finns Party due to him posting a tweet perceived as mocking the murder of George Floyd in February 2021, he founded his own Power Belongs to the People party. In the end of August 2023, Turtiainen announced in his YouTube channel that he would be his party's candidate for the 2024 presidential election. Turtiainen believed that he would get help from Russia to collect the 20,000 supporter cards needed for the official candidacy.
Paavo Väyrynen
(77)
 Paavo Väyrynen MEP for Finland
(1995–2007, 2014–2018)
Other offices
 Väyrynen, a veteran politician, participated in the previous presidential elections as the Centre Party candidate on three occasions, securing the second position in 1988, third in 1994, and third in 2012. In 2018, he participated as an independent candidate and finished fourth.[8] In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Väyrynen was the favorite as the next president of around 2% of the respondents.[9]

Campaign

Mika Aaltola

Mika Aaltola, the director of the Finnish Institute of International Affairs, announced his candidacy on 3 August 2023.[10] He is running as an independent candidate, and therefore must assemble 20,000 signatures from qualified voters to establish a constituency association in order to run for the presidency.

Aaltola emerged as a surprise candidate in a presidential survey published by Yle on 28 March 2022.[11] On 27 May 2022, similar results were obtained from a survey conducted by Ilta-Sanomat.[12] Aaltola commented that he was humbled by the results and that "In a situation where the candidates would solely represent Finlandization and behind-the-scenes dealings, I would feel a calling to attempt the impossible for the benefit of my homeland. Therefore, my stance would entirely depend on the candidate lineup."[13]

In a subsequent survey published by Ilta-Sanomat on 21 October 2022, Aaltola had unexpectedly risen to the top.[14] After the results, Aaltola stated: "There is a one percent chance that I will become the President of Finland." He did not completely rule out his candidacy and stated that he would announce a possible candidacy at a later time.[15] On 31 October 2022, Aaltola tweeted: "I am not currently running for any position. My focus is on the ongoing war and the geopolitical challenges of the winter."[16]

On 4 November 2022, Helsingin Sanomat published a comprehensive personal profile and interview with Aaltola. Many of the sources interviewed in the article noted that Aaltola no longer behaves like an expert but rather speaks like a preacher or a politician.[17] The same day Aaltola tweeted, that "I have no intention of running for the presidential elections."[18]

On 11 April 2023, Aaltola tweeted "My support in presidential surveys remains persistently encouraging, even though I have stated a practical "no" on multiple occasions. This was based on the fact that it is practically impossible [to win] outside of political parties. Should I reconsider the matter in the autumn if the support persists?"[19] In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Aaltola was the favorite as the next president of around 13% of the respondents.[9]

On 10 October 2023 Mika Aaltola's support association announced that they have collected 25,000 endorsement cards for Aaltola, exceeding the required 20,000 endorsement card threshold for candidacy.[20]

Li Andersson

Li Andersson, the leader of the Left Alliance and former Minister of Education, announced her candidacy on 13 September 2023.[21] She was confirmed as the Left Alliance candidate at a party council meeting on 15 October 2023.[22]

Sari Essayah

Sari Essayah, the leader of the Christian Democrats and incumbent Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, was chosen as the party's presidential candidate at a party meeting on 27 August 2023.[23]

Pekka Haavisto

Pekka Haavisto, former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Member of Parliament for the Green League, announced his candidacy on 8 June 2023. Haavisto has run for the office twice before, in 2012 and 2018, both times finishing second behind the incumbent President Sauli Niinistö. Haavisto is running as an independent candidate in the presidential elections. Independent candidates must assemble 20,000 signatures from qualified voters to establish a constituency association in order to run for president of Finland in January. The collection of signatures in support of Haavisto began immediately on the same day he announced his candidacy.[24]

According to multiple polls, Haavisto is currently the leading candidate for the presidency. He is the most popular candidate among women and younger voters, as well as across party lines. In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Haavisto was the favorite as the next president of around 28% percent of the respondents.[9] In a presidential survey published by Ilta-Sanomat on 13 June 2023, which aimed to determine the potential result of a hypothetical second round in the presidential elections, Haavisto emerged as the winner when compared to all the other major potential candidates.[25]

On 3 October 2023 Pekka Haavisto's campaign announced that they have so far collected 48,000 endorsement cards for Haavisto, exceeding the required 20,000 endorsement card threshold for candidacy.[26]

Jussi Halla-aho

Jussi Halla-aho, the Speaker of the Parliament of Finland and a Member of Parliament for the Finns Party, announced his candidacy on 7 July 2023.[27] His candidacy was confirmed by the party congress in August.[28] In a survey conducted by Uutissuomalainen in January 2023 among party delegates, over 80 percent of the responding Finns Party delegates considered Halla-aho the most suitable presidential candidate for the party. In a similar survey conducted in summer 2021, Halla-aho ranked behind Laura Huhtasaari.[29] In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Halla-aho was the favorite as the next president of around 6% of the respondents.[9]

Hjallis Harkimo

Hjallis Harkimo, a businessman and the chairman of his own political party Movement Now, was elected as the party's presidential candidate on 18 June 2022.[30] Harkimo became well-known in Finland as the owner of the ice hockey team Jokerit and as the face of the TV show "Diili", the Finnish version of The Apprentice. In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Harkimo was the favorite as the next president of around 1% of the respondents.[9]

Olli Rehn

Olli Rehn, the Governor of the Bank of Finland and a member of the Centre Party, announced his bid for the presidency on 21 June 2023.[31] Rehn is running as an independent candidate in the elections. Therefore he must assemble 20,000 signatures from qualified voters to establish a constituency association in order to run for the presidency. The collection of signatures takes place at events across various parts of Finland during the summer of 2023.[32] In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Rehn was the favorite as the next president of around 15% of the respondents.[9]

On 15 September 2023 Olli Rehn's campaign announced that they have collected the required 20,000 endorsement cards for Rehn required for candidacy.[33]

Alexander Stubb

Alexander Stubb, the former Prime Minister of Finland and a Member of Parliament for the National Coalition Party, announced his candidacy on 16 August 2023, after he had been formally asked to be the presidential candidate of the party. [34] In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Stubb was the favorite as the next president of around 5% of the respondents.[9][35] When asked about the most preferred candidate of the National Coalition Party, Stubb was the favorite of 40% of the respondents, while Minister of Defence Antti Häkkänen was preferred by 16%, former MP Risto E. J. Penttilä by 9% and Minister for Foreign Affairs Elina Valtonen by 8%.[36]

Jutta Urpilainen

Jutta Urpilainen, the current Finnish European Commissioner, former minister and chair of the Social Democratic Party, was frequently mentioned as a possible candidate for the SDP. On 16 August 2023, the chairman of the Social Democratic Party Sanna Marin asked Urpilainen to run in the 2024 presidential election as the party's candidate. However, Urpilainen promised to announce her decision only by November 2023.[37] The leadership of the SDP had hoped Urpilainen to be a candidate already in the 2018 presidential elections, but she declined the candidacy citing family reasons.[38] On 19 November 2023, Urpilainen announced her candidacy.[39] In the presidential poll commissioned by Yle in May 2023, Urpilainen was the favorite as the next president of around 2% of the respondents.[9]

Debates

2024 Finnish presidential election debates
Date Organizers Moderators  P  Present  N  Not present Sources
Aaltola Andersson Essayah Haavisto Halla-aho Harkimo Rehn Stubb Urpilainen
21 December 2023 Yle Annika Damström P P P P P P P P P [40]
14 December 2023 MTV3 Jan Andersson, Jaakko Loikkanen P P P P P P P P P [41]
8 December 2023 Central Chamber of Commerce Nina Rahkola N N N P P N P P N [42]
28 November 2023 Taike ry Kaisa Rönkkö, Mitra Matouf N P P P P P P P N [43][44]
20 November 2023 MT, MTK ry Jouni Kemppainen, Laura Ruohola P P N P P P P P N [45]
1 November 2023 Aalto Management ry Jonathan Atwood P N N P N P P P N [46]
11 October 2023 MTV3 Jaakko Loikkanen P N N P N N N P N [47]
7 October 2023 Suomen Yrittäjät Jari Korkki P N N P P N P P N [48]
18 September 2023 City of Kouvola Marko Junkkari P N N P P P P P N [49]
16 August 2023 Talk Helsinki Festival Tapio Nurminen, Nina Rahkola P N N P P N P N N [50]

Opinion polls

Candidates

Poll source Fieldwork
dates
Aaltola
Ind. 		Stubb
NCP 		Haavisto
Greens 		Halla-aho
Finns 		Rehn
Centre 		Urpilainen
SDP 		Andersson
Left 		Essayah
KD 		Harkimo
Liik 		Others Don't know/Undecided
Taloustutkimus 17–23 Jan 2024 3% 27% 23% 18% 14% 5% 7% 2% 1% –
Verian 17–20 Jan 2024 3% 22% 20% 18% 12% 5% 6% 1% 1% – 9%
Tietoykkönen 9–17 Jan 2024 2% 21% 22% 11% 11% 4% 7% 2% 1% – 19%
Kantar Agri 12–17 Jan 2024 2% 24% 21% 15% 12% 7% 7% 2% 1% – 9%
Verian 20–21 Dec 2023 4% 24% 22% 13% 9% 5% 7% 2% 1% – 9%
Tietoykkönen 5–13 Dec 2023 4% 23% 22% 11% 9% 6% 8% 1% 1% 2% 13%
Kantar Agri 15–20 Dec 2023 3% 23% 23% 12% 10% 6% 6% 2% 1% – 14%
Taloustutkimus 27 Nov–7 Dec 2023 4% 31% 23% 10% 12% 7% 5% 2% 2% 2% –
Tietoykkönen 14–23 Nov 2023 5% 21% 24% 10% 9% 4% 6% ?% ?% ?% ?%
Kantar Public 20–21 Nov 2023 5% 24% 20% 10% 10% 7% 7% 2% 1% 2% 11%

Potential candidates

Poll source Fieldwork
dates
Aaltola
Ind. 		Stubb
NCP 		Vapaavuori
NCP 		Haavisto
Greens 		Halla-aho
Finns 		Huhtasaari
Finns 		Rehn
Centre 		Vanhanen
Centre 		Heinäluoma
SDP 		Marin
SDP 		Urpilainen
SDP 		Andersson
Left 		Others Don't know/Undecided
19 November 2023 Jutta Urpilainen declares her candidacy
TNS Kantar Agri Nov 2023 6.6% 18.2% – 25.8% 9.7% – 11.2% – – – 4.5% 6.6% 4.4% 10.5%
Taloustutkimus Nov 2023 9% 28% – 26% 8% – 14% – – – 4% 7% 6% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 8% 17% – 28% 9% – 10% – – – 3% 6% 5% 10%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 10% 22% – 29% 8% – 14% – – – 3% 7% 6% 10%
13 Sep 2023 Li Andersson declares her candidacy
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 10% 19% – 31% 9% – 11% – – – 5% 6% 6% –
Tietoykkönen Sep 2023 12% 18% – 26% 9% – 9% – – – 3% 3% 1% 16%
27 August 2023 Sari Essayah declares her candidacy
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 12% 19% – 32% 9% – 10% – – – 5% 7% 6% –
16 August 2023 Alexander Stubb declares his candidacy
Kantar TNS Aug 2023 15.6% 3.3% 0.1% 27.4% 8.8% – 11.1% – 0.7% – 1.8% 3.9% 10.2% 17%
3 August 2023 Mika Aaltola declares his candidacy
7 July 2023 Jussi Halla-aho declares his candidacy
21 June 2023 Olli Rehn declares his candidacy
8 June 2023 Pekka Haavisto declares his candidacy
Taloustutkimus May 2023 13% 5% – 28% 6% 1% 15% 2% 1% 5% 2% 2% 17% –
Maaseudun Tulevaisuus Apr 2023 10.4% 4.6% – 23.3% 8.5% – 10.8% ?% – – ?% – – –
Taloustutkimus Dec 2022 11% 7% – 25% 7% – 14% ?% – 7% ?% 2% 4% –
Taloustutkimus Taloustutkimus Dec 2022 8% 4.5% 4% 17.3% 5.8% – 13.7 ?% – ?% ?% – – –
18 June 2022 Hjallis Harkimo declares his candidacy
Taloustutkimus Mar 2022 4% 4% 4% 16% 7% – 20% 4% – 9% 3% – 3% –
Taloustutkimus Jul 2021 – 5% 4% 12% 7% – 14% 5% 3% 11% 3% 3% 10% –
Kantar TNS Feb 2021 – 2% 4% 7% 5% – 19% 4% 4% 13% 3% 1% 12% 51%
Taloustutkimus Jan 2021 – 4% 6% 9% 6% 2% 11% 6% 4% 16% 3% 2% 29% –
Taloustutkimus Dec 2020 – 5% 5% 9% 5% 2% 8% 6% 4% 16% 3% 3% 32% 3%
TNS Kantar Agri Jun 2020 – – 5.7% 12.4% 6.2% – 11.0% – 4.7% 9.7% – 3.0% 7.6% 41.8%
TNS Kantar Agri Feb 2020 – – 6% 18% 9% – 11% – 6% – – – – –
Taloustutkimus Feb 2020 – 4% 5% 22% 8% 2% 8% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 26% 4%
Taloustutkimus Dec 2019 – – 4% 17% 6% 3% 10% – 4% – 7% 7% 26% 16%
Tietoykkönen Oct 2019 – – 10% 33% 10% 4% 11% – 7% – 6% 8% 10% –
Taloustutkimus Jan 2018 – – 9% 27% – 7% 7% 4% 4% – 4% 4% 26% 9%

Pekka Haavisto vs. Alexander Stubb

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Pekka
Haavisto
Independent 		Alexander
Stubb
National Coalition Party 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 42% 58% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 42% 55% 3%
Taloustutkimus Nov 2023 45% 55% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 51% 46% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 51% 49% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 45% 42% 13%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 48% 40% 12%
Ilta-Sanomat 16 May 2023 52% 30% 17%

Pekka Haavisto vs. Olli Rehn

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Pekka
Haavisto
Independent 		Olli
Rehn
Independent 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 51% 49% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 50% 47% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 53% 47% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 53% 44% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 56% 44% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 51% 39% 10%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 54% 36% 10%
Ilta-Sanomat 16 May 2023 52% 35% 13%

Pekka Haavisto vs. Mika Aaltola

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Pekka
Haavisto
Independent 		Mika
Aaltola
Independent 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 62% 38% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 61% 37% 2%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 60% 40% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 56% 41% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 59% 41% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 53% 36% 11%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 53% 38% 10%
Ilta-Sanomat 16 May 2023 49% 35% 16%

Pekka Haavisto vs. Jussi Halla-aho

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Pekka
Haavisto
Independent 		Jussi
Halla-aho
Finns 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 66% 34% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 65% 33% 2%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 70% 30% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 66% 31% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 72% 28% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 65% 26% 9%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 67% 23% 10%
Ilta-Sanomat 16 May 2023 63% 25% 12%

Pekka Haavisto vs. Jutta Urpilainen

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Pekka
Haavisto
Independent 		Jutta
Urpilainen
Social Democratic Party of Finland 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 61% 39% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 59% 38% 3%
Kantar Public Oct 2023 64% 31% 5%
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 57% 23% 20%
Ilta-Sanomat 16 May 2023 55% 21% 24%

Pekka Haavisto vs. Sanna Marin

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Pekka
Haavisto
Independent 		Sanna
Marin
Social Democratic Party of Finland 		Other/
Undecided
Ilta-Sanomat 16 May 2023 52% 24% 23%

Alexander Stubb vs. Olli Rehn

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Alexander
Stubb
National Coalition Party 		Olli
Rehn
Independent 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 65% 35% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 61% 38% 1%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 60% 40% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 54% 42% 4%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 56% 44% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 51% 31% 18%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 52% 31% 17%

Alexander Stubb vs. Mika Aaltola

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Alexander
Stubb
National Coalition Party 		Mika
Aaltola
Independent 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 77% 23% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 72% 25% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 71% 29% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 60% 37% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 65% 35% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 55% 27% 18%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 52% 31% 17%

Alexander Stubb vs. Jussi Halla-aho

Source of poll Fieldwork dates Alexander
Stubb
National Coalition Party 		Jussi
Halla-aho
Finns Party 		Other/
Undecided
Taloustutkimus Dec 2023 79% 21% –
Kantar Public Nov 2023 74% 24% 2%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 81% 19% –
Kantar Public Oct 2023 76% 21% 3%
Taloustutkimus Oct 2023 82% 18% –
Taloustutkimus Sep 2023 70% 18% 12%
Taloustutkimus Aug 2023 73% 16% 11%

Youth election

The Finnish National Youth Council, or Allianssi, held a mock election between January 8–12 for people under the age of 18. The participants included among others schools and local youth councils from 198 different municipalities. Number of votes cast was a record 94,456, and the results were as follows:[51]

Candidate Share of votes (%)
Alexander Stubb 21.52
Jussi Halla-aho 20.84
Pekka Haavisto 13.96
Li Andersson 12.19
Harry Harkimo 9.52
Jutta Urpilainen 5.73
Olli Rehn 4.94
Mika Aaltola 3.57
Sari Essayah 2.34

References

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  5. ^ "Constitution of Finland" (PDF). Finlex. 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
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  12. ^ "Yllätysnimi teki presidenttikyselyssä uskomattoman nousun – tutkija: "En muista uraltani vastaavaa"". Ilta-Sanomat. 27 May 2022.
  13. ^ "Mika Aaltola kommentoi kannatustaan presidentinvaaligallupissa: Vetää mielen nöyräksi". Ilta-Sanomat. 27 May 2022.
  14. ^ "IS:n presidenttikyselyssä yllätysykkönen: "Voi pyhä jysäys"". Ilta-Sanomat. 21 October 2022.
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  25. ^ "IS:n presidenttikysely: He pärjäisivät Haavistoa vastaan". Ilta-Sanomat. 13 June 2023.
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External links

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