Addai: Difference between revisions
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:''For the American football player, see [[Joseph Addai]]''. |
:''For the American football player, see [[Joseph Addai]]''. |
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Among the [[Eastern Orthodox]] faithful, '''Saint Addai''' |
Among the [[Eastern Orthodox]] faithful, '''Saint Addai''' was a disciple of Christ<ref>{{cite book |title=Chaldean-Americans: Changing Conceptions of Ethnic Identity |last=Sengstock |first=Mary C. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= |publisher=Center for Migration Studies |location= |isbn=0913256420, 9780913256428 |pages= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ERYUAAAAYAAJ }}</ref> sent by [[Thomas the Apostle|St. Thomas the Apostle]] to [[Edessa, Mesopotamia|Edessa]] in order to heal [[Abgar V of Edessa|King Abgar V]] of [[Osroene]], who had fallen ill. St. Addai stayed to evangelize, and converted <ref name="herbermann">{{cite book |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia |last=Herbermann |first=Charles George |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1913 |publisher=Encyclopedia Press |location= |isbn= |pages=282}}</ref> Abgar—or Agbar, or in one Latin version "Acbar" — and his people including [[Saint Aggai]] and [[Saint Mari]]. He is known as one of the great apostles to [[Syria]] and [[Persian Empire|Persia]]. He is considered to have been one of the early [[Catholicos of the East|Catholicoses of the East]], following Saint Thomas the Apostle. He and Saint Mari are credited with the [[Divine Liturgy of Addai and Mari]]. St. Addai is also known as '''Addeus'''— or '''Thaddeus''' which is a doublet for [[Jude Thaddeus|St. Jude the Apostle]]. |
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{{Eastern Christianity}} |
{{Eastern Christianity}} |
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Revision as of 15:18, 24 September 2008
Saint Addai | |
|---|---|
| Born | first century AD |
| Died | early 2nd century AD |
| Venerated in | Assyrian Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox Church |
| Feast | August 5 |
- For the American football player, see Joseph Addai.
Among the Eastern Orthodox faithful, Saint Addai was a disciple of Christ[1] sent by St. Thomas the Apostle to Edessa in order to heal King Abgar V of Osroene, who had fallen ill. St. Addai stayed to evangelize, and converted [2] Abgar—or Agbar, or in one Latin version "Acbar" — and his people including Saint Aggai and Saint Mari. He is known as one of the great apostles to Syria and Persia. He is considered to have been one of the early Catholicoses of the East, following Saint Thomas the Apostle. He and Saint Mari are credited with the Divine Liturgy of Addai and Mari. St. Addai is also known as Addeus— or Thaddeus which is a doublet for St. Jude the Apostle.
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The story of St. Addai, the apostle of Edessa, accounts for the growing Christian communities in northern Mesopotamia and in Syria east of Antioch. The identity of the specific Agbar/Abgar is open to interpretation: see Abgar. The fully developed legend of Addai is embodied in the Syriac document, Doctrine of Addai, which recounts the role of Addai and makes him one of the 72 Apostles sent out to spread the Christian faith.[3]
The legendary tale of how King Abgarus V of Edessa and Jesus had corresponded was first recounted in the 4th century by the church historian Eusebius of Caesarea[4] and it was retold in elaborated form by Ephrem the Syrian. In the origin of the legend, Eusebius had been shown documents purporting to contain the official correspondence that passed between Abgar and Jesus, and he was well enough convinced by their authenticity to quote them extensively in his ecclesiastical history. By the time the legend had returned to Syria, the purported site of the miraculous image, it had been embroidered into a tissue of miraculous happenings:[5] the Doctrine of Addai is full of miracles, and antisemitism in the garbled story of "Protonike"[6] consort of Claudius, searching for the Cross, and Golgotha and the Holy Sepuchre, all of them in possession of the Jews.
St. Addai appears in unorthodox material as well, in two previously unknown Apocalypses attributed to James the Just found at Nag Hammadi in 1945.[7]
References
- ^ Sengstock, Mary C. Chaldean-Americans: Changing Conceptions of Ethnic Identity. Center for Migration Studies. ISBN 0913256420, 9780913256428.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: invalid character (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ Herbermann, Charles George (1913). The Catholic Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia Press. p. 282.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ Luke 10:1 – 20
- ^ Eusebius, Church History, 1.13 and 3.1
- ^ Walter Bauer, Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity, 1934, (in English 1971) (On-line text)
- ^ The historicized but non-historical Protonice, "first victory [of Christianity]" only appears in this context; her actions make her a prefiguration of Helena, mother of Constantine.
- ^ Robert Eisenman, James the Brother of Jesus : The key to Unlocking the Secrets of Early Christianity and the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997 (Viking Penguin). Especially the section "Thaddeus, Judas Thomas and the conversion of the Osrhoeans", pp 189ff.