Nuclear receptor: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
mNo edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
**[[Thyroid hormone receptor]] ([[Thyroid hormone]]) |
**[[Thyroid hormone receptor]] ([[Thyroid hormone]]) |
||
***Thyroid hormone receptor-α (TRα; NR1A1) |
***Thyroid hormone receptor-α (TRα; NR1A1) |
||
***Thyroid hormone receptor-β (TRβ ; |
***Thyroid hormone receptor-β (TRβ ; NR1A2) |
||
**[[Retinoic acid receptor]] ([[Vitamin A]] and related compounds); |
**[[Retinoic acid receptor]] ([[Vitamin A]] and related compounds); |
||
***Retinoic acid receptor-α (RARα; NR1B1) |
***Retinoic acid receptor-α (RARα; NR1B1) |
||
Revision as of 21:17, 12 October 2006
Nuclear receptors are a class of intracellular receptors which function as ligand activated transcription factors which up or down regulate the expression of genes. Depending on the nuclear receptor involved, ligand binding results in the dissociation of heat shock proteins, homo- or hetero-dimerization of the receptor, translocation (i.e., active transport) from the cytoplasm into the cell nucleus, and binding to specific sequences of DNA known as hormone response elements (HRE's). The nuclear receptor/DNA complex then recruits other proteins which transcribe DNA downstream from the HRE into messenger RNA and eventually protein which causes a change in cell function. Ligands that bind to nuclear receptors include lipophilic substances such as endogenous hormones, drugs and xenobiotic endocrine disruptors. Because the expression of a large number of genes is regulated by nuclear receptors, ligands that bind to these receptors can have profound effects on the organism.
--Boghog2 20:22, 8 October 2006 (UTC)
List of the 48 known human nuclear receptors[1]
- Name (Abbreviation; NRNC Symbol - Nuclear Receptor Nomenclature Committee[2])
- Subfamily 0: Miscellaneous
- DAX/SHP
- Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1 (DAX-1; NR0B1)
- Short heterodimer partner (SHP; NR0B2)
- DAX/SHP
- Subfamily 1: Thyroid hormone-like
- Thyroid hormone receptor (Thyroid hormone)
- Thyroid hormone receptor-α (TRα; NR1A1)
- Thyroid hormone receptor-β (TRβ ; NR1A2)
- Retinoic acid receptor (Vitamin A and related compounds);
- Retinoic acid receptor-α (RARα; NR1B1)
- Retinoic acid receptor-β (RARβ; NR1B2)
- Retinoic acid receptor-γ (RARγ; NR1B3)
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα; NR1C1)
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β (PPARβ; NR1C2)
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARγ: NR1C3)
- Rev-erb
- Rev-erbα (Rev-erbα; NR1D1)
- Rev-erbβ (Rev-erbβ; NR1D2)
- Retinoid-related orphan receptor
- Retinoid-related orphan receptor-α (RORα; NR1F1)
- Retinoid-related orphan receptor-β (RORβ; NR1F2)
- Retinoid-related orphan receptor-γ (RORγ; NR1F3)
- Liver X receptor-like
- Liver X receptor-α (LXRα; NR1H3)
- Liver X receptor-β (LXRβ; NR1H2)
- Farnesoid X receptor (FXR; NR1H4)
- Vitamin D receptor-like
- Vitamin D receptor (VDR; NR1I1) (vitamin D)
- Pregnane X receptor (PXR; NR1I2)
- Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR; NR1I3)
- Thyroid hormone receptor (Thyroid hormone)
- Subfamily 2: Hepatocyte NF4-like
- Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF4)
- Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4-α (HNF4α; NR2A1)
- Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4-γ (HNF4γ; NR2A2)
- Retinoid X receptor (RXRα)
- Retinoid X receptor-α (RXRα; NR2B1)
- Retinoid X receptor-β (RXRβ; NR2B2)
- Retinoid X receptor-γ (RXRγ; NR2B3)
- Testicular receptor
- Testicular receptor 2 (TR2; NR2C1)
- Testicular receptor 4 (TR4 NR2C2)
- TLX/PNR
- Human homologue of the Drosophila tailless gene (TLX; NR2E1)
- Photoreceptor-Specific Nuclear Receptor (PNR; NR2E3)
- COUP/EAR
- Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor I (COUP-TFI; NR2F1)
- Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII; NR2F2)
- ERBA-related 2 (EAR2; NR2F6)
- Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF4)
- Subfamily 3: Estrogen receptor like (Steroid hormone receptor)
- Estrogen receptor (Sex hormone receptors; sex hormones: Estrogen)
- Estrogen receptor-α (ERα; NR3A1)
- Estrogen receptor-β (ERβ; NR3A2)
- Estrogen related receptor
- Estrogen related receptor-α (ERRα; NR3B1)
- Estrogen related receptor-β (ERRβ; NR3B2)
- Estrogen related receptor-γ (ERRγ; NR3B3)
- 3-Ketosteroid receptors
- Glucocorticoid receptor (GR; NR3C1) (Cortisol)
- Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR; NR3C2) (Aldosterone)
- Progesterone receptor (PR; NR3C3) (Sex hormone receptor; Sex hormones: Progesterone)
- Androgen receptor (AR; NR3C4) (Sex hormone receptors; Sex hormones: Testosterone)
- Estrogen receptor (Sex hormone receptors; sex hormones: Estrogen)
- Subfamily 4: Nerve growth factor ib-like
- NGFIB/NURR1/NOR1
- Nerve Growth factor IB (NGFIB; NR4A1)
- Nuclear receptor related 1 (NURR1; NR4A2)
- Neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 (NOR1; NR4A3)
- NGFIB/NURR1/NOR1
- Subfamily 5: Steroidogenic factor like
- SF1/LRH1
- Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1; NR5A1)
- Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH1; NR5A2)
- SF1/LRH1
- Subfamily 6: Germ cell nuclear factor like
- GCN1
- Germ cell nuclear factor (GCN1; NR6A1)
- GCN1
--Boghog2 16:19, 8 October 2006 (UTC)
See also
References
- ^ Zhang Z, Burch PE, Cooney AJ, Lanz RB, Pereira FA, Wu J, Gibbs RA, Weinstock G, Wheeler DA. Genomic analysis of the nuclear receptor family: new insights into structure, regulation, and evolution from the rat genome. Genome Res. 2004; 14(4):580-90.
- ^ Nuclear Receptors Nomenclature Committee. A unified nomenclature system for the nuclear receptor superfamily. Cell. 1999; 97(2):161-3.
External links
- Nuclear Receptor journal homepage
- Nuclear receptor resource at Georgetown University
- Nuclear Receptor Signalling Atlas (NURSA, NIH-funded research consortium and database; includes open-access PubMed-indexed journal, Nuclear Receptor Signaling)