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10th Royal Hussars

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10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own)
Badge of the 10th Royal Hussars
Active1715–1969
Country Kingdom of Great Britain (1715–1800)
 United Kingdom (1801–1969)
Branch British Army
TypeCavalry
RoleLine Cavalry
Size1 Regiment
Nickname(s)Baker's Light Bobs, The Chainy 10th, The Shiny 10th
Motto(s)Ich Dien (I Serve)
March(Quick) The Merry Month Of May
AnniversariesEl Alamein (23 Oct)
Commanders
Notable
commanders		John Vaughan
Reginald Barnes

The 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army raised in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the First World War and Second World War but then amalgamated with the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) to form the Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) in October 1969.

History

Early history

Uniforms of the 10th Hussars, 1793

The regiment was raised at Hertford by Brigadier-General Humphrey Gore as Humphrey Gore's Regiment of Dragoons in 1715 as part of the response to the Jacobite rising.[1] The regiment was involved in cavalry charges at both the Battle of Falkirk Muir in January 1746[2] and the Battle of Culloden in April 1746 during the next Jacobite rising.[3] It was retitled as the 10th Regiment of Dragoons in 1751.[1]

The regiment took part in the Raid on St Malo in June 1758 during the Seven Years' War.[4] It also saw action at the Battle of Minden in August 1759,[5] the Battle of Warburg in July 1760[6] and the Battle of Kloster Kampen in October 1760. At Kloster Kampen the regiment's commanding officer, Colonel William Pitt, was badly wounded and taken prisoner.[7] The regiment went on to take part in the Battle of Villinghausen in July 1761.[8] In 1779, the light troop was detached to form the 19th Regiment of (Light) Dragoons, and in 1783 the Dragoons Regiment was retitled as the 10th (Prince of Wales's Own) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons in honour of the future King George IV.[1] In June 1794 Beau Brummell, who became an arbiter of men's fashion in regency London, joined the regiment as a cornet.[9]

Napoleonic Wars

In 1806, the regiment was again re-designated, this time becoming a hussar regiment as the 10th (Prince of Wales's Own) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Hussars),[1] and sailed for Corunna in Spain in November 1808.[10] The regiment saw action at the Battle of Sahagún in December 1808[11] and the Battle of Benavente later in December 1808 during the Peninsular War.[12] At Benavente the regiment captured General Charles Lefebvre-Desnouettes, the French cavalry commander.[13]The regiment then took part in the Battle of Corunna in January 1809 before returning to England.[14]

In 1813, having landed once more in Spain, the regiment fought at the Battle of Morales in June 1813.[15] During the battle the regiment destroyed the 16th French Dragoons between Toro and Zamora, taking around 260 prisoners.[16] The regiment also fought at the Battle of Vitoria later in the month while still in Spain[17] and then, having advanced into France, fought at the Battle of Orthez in February 1814[18] and the Battle of Toulouse in April 1814.[19] As part of the 6th Cavalry Brigade, the regiment charged the French cavalry and infantry at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815.[20]

Victorian era

HRH The Prince of Wales dressed as Colonel of the 10th Hussars, 1860s
The 10th (The Prince of Wales's Own) Royal Regiment of Hussars, 1860s

The regiment was sent to India in 1846 and then saw action at the Siege of Sevastopol in winter 1854 and at the Battle of Eupatoria in February 1855 during the Crimean War.[13] In 1861, it was renamed the 10th (The Prince of Wales's Own) Royal Hussars.[1] The regiment saw action at the Battle of Ali Masjid in November 1878 during the Second Anglo-Afghan War[21] and at the First and Second Battles of El Teb in February 1884 during the Mahdist War.[22]

Men of the 10th Hussars with Nordenfelt 5 barrel machine gun, 1887

With the outbreak of the Second Boer War, the regiment sailed for South Africa in November 1899. After fighting at Colesberg, the regiment participated in the relief of Kimberley in February 1900.[23] It was also involved at the Battle of Diamond Hill in June 1900.[23] Following the end of the war in 1902 they went to India. Almost 375 officers and men left Cape Town on the SS Lake Manitoba in September 1902, arriving at Bombay the following month and was then stationed at in Bombay Presidency.[24]

The regiment was next deployed in action on the North-West Frontier in 1909.[13]

The First World War

The regiment, which was based at Potchefstroom in South Africa at the start of the war, returned to the UK and then landed at Ostend with the 6th Cavalry Brigade in the 3rd Cavalry Division in October 1914 as part of the British Expeditionary Force for service on the Western Front.[25]

Inter-war

After the war the regiment saw brief service in Ireland. On 22 June 1921 it provided the royal escort for King George V when he opened the first Parliament of Northern Ireland. Two days later the train carrying the detachment back to the south was mined, killing and wounding twenty-four hussars and eighty of their horses.[26] The regiment returned to the UK in 1921 and was retitled the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own).[1] Deploying to Egypt in 1929 and India in 1930, the regiment returned to the UK in 1936 and began the process of mechanisation.[1] It was assigned to the 2nd Armoured Brigade of the 1st Armoured Division in 1939. At the same time, it became part of the Royal Armoured Corps.[1]

The Second World War

With the outbreak of war, the 1st Armoured Division deployed to France. It fought in northern France and Belgium, returning to England without any vehicles in June 1940. In December 1940, a group of personnel was detached to form the cadre of the 23rd Hussars.[1] In November 1941, the regiment deployed to North Africa with the 2nd Armoured Brigade, joining 7th Armoured Division. Now equipped with Crusader tanks, it saw action in Operation Crusader, at the Battle of Alam el Halfa in August 1942 and at the Second Battle of El Alamein in October 1942. At El Alamein the regiment captured General Wilhelm Ritter von Thoma, the German Deputy Commander.[13] The regiment then fought both as an armoured unit and as dismounted infantry during the Italian Campaign in 1944 and 1945.[13]

Post-war

10th Royal Hussars monument at the National Memorial Arboretum

The regiment was deployed to Lübeck in Germany as an armoured regiment in the British Army of the Rhine in 1946.[27] It moved to Epsom Barracks in Iserlohn in 1948 and then returned to the UK in July 1953.[27] It then deployed to Aqaba in Jordan in February 1956 in operations in support of the Jordanian Government: 19 members of the regiment were killed in an air crash at El Quweira in April 1957.[28] After returning to the UK again in July 1957, the regiment moved to Swinton Barracks in Munster in July 1959 and then transferred to Barker Barracks in Paderborn in June 1960.[27] It returned home again in March 1964 and then deployed to Aden in August 1964 during the Aden Emergency.[27] The regiment moved to York Barracks in Munster in September 1965 and after returning home in September 1969, amalgamated with the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) to form the Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) in October 1969.[1]

Regimental museum

The regimental collection is held by HorsePower: The Museum of the King's Royal Hussars which is based at Peninsula Barracks in Winchester.[29]

Battle honours

The regiment’s battle honours were as follows:[1]

  • Early wars: Warburg, Peninsula, Waterloo, Sevastopol, Ali Masjid, Afghanistan 1878-79, Egypt 1884, Relief of Kimberley, Paardeberg, South Africa 1899-1902
  • The Great War: Ypres 1914 '15, Langemarck 1914, Gheluvelt, Nonne Bosschen, Frezenberg, Loos, Arras 1917 '18, Scarpe 1917, Somme 1918, St. Quentin, Avre, Amiens, Drocourt-Quéant, Hindenburg Line, Beaurevoir, Cambrai 1918, Pursuit to Mons, France and Flanders 1914-18
  • The Second World War: Somme 1940, North-West Europe 1940, Saunnu, Gazala, Bir el Aslagh, Alam el Halfa, El Alamein, El Hamma, El Kourzia, Djebel Kournine, Tunis, North Africa 1942-43, Coriano, Santarcangelo, Cosina Canal Crossing, Senio Pocket, Cesena, Valli di Commacchio, Argenta Gap, Italy 1944-45

Uniform

The regiment wore standard red dragoon coats with "deep yellow" facings until the dark blue uniform and crested helmet of light dragoon was authorized in 1784. Hussar dress was adopted through a series of separate measures, culminating with the introduction of a busby in 1809. Until 1914 the entire regiment wore dark blue hussar uniform for full dress with a red busby bag, yellow braiding, white plume and yellow stripes on their riding breeches. Officers had a distinctive pattern of criss-crossed gold embroidery on their pouch-belts, which gave the regiment its nickname of "The Chainy 10th".[30]

Victoria Crosses

Colonels-in-Chief

Regimental Colonels

Colonels of the Regiment were: [1]

Humphrey Gore's Regiment of Dragoons
10th Regiment of Dragoons (1751)
10th (Prince of Wales's Own) Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (1783)
10th (The Prince of Wales's Own) Royal Regiment of (Light) Dragoons (Hussars) (1811)
10th (Prince of Wales's Own Royal) Hussars (1861)
10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own)(1921)

Alliances

Notable former members

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "10th Hussars". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 6 January 2007. Retrieved 18 August 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ Cannon, p. 16
  3. ^ Cannon, p. 18
  4. ^ Cannon, p. 22
  5. ^ Cannon, p. 24
  6. ^ Cannon, p. 25
  7. ^ Cannon, p. 26
  8. ^ Cannon, p. 28
  9. ^ "No. 13677". The London Gazette. 24–28 June 1794. p. 619.
  10. ^ Cannon, p. 36
  11. ^ Cannon, p. 37
  12. ^ Cannon, p. 37
  13. ^ a b c d e "10th Hussars". National Army Museum. Archived from the original on 2016-08-21. Retrieved 18 August 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Cannon, p. 42
  15. ^ Cannon, p. 45
  16. ^ Wellesley, Arthur (1838). The Dispatches of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, During His Various Campaigns in India, Denmark, Portugal, Spain, the Low Countries, and France: From 1799 to 1818. Compiled from Official and Authentic Documents. J. Murray. pp. 416–7.
  17. ^ Cannon, p. 50
  18. ^ Cannon, p. 57
  19. ^ Cannon, p. 60
  20. ^ Cannon, p. 65
  21. ^ "Battle of Kabul 1879". British Battles. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  22. ^ "The Battle of El Teb". British Battles. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  23. ^ a b "10th Hussars". Anglo-Boer War. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  24. ^ "The Army in South Africa - Troops returning home". The Times. No. 36884. London. 27 September 1902. p. 10. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)
  25. ^ "The 10th Hussars". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  26. ^ Bennett, Richard. The Black and Tans. p. 180. ISBN 978-1-86227-098-5.
  27. ^ a b c d "10th Hussars". British Army units 1945 on. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  28. ^ Knight, Tom. "10th Royal Hussars: Aqaba 1956-57". The XRH Club. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  29. ^ "The museum". Horsepower. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  30. ^ Carman, W.Y. Richard Simkin's Uniforms of the British Army. The Cavalry Regiments. pp. 133–140. ISBN 978-0-906671-13-9.

Sources

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