The 1951 World Ice Hockey Championships were the 18th World Championships and the 29th European Championships in ice hockey for international teams. The tournament took place in France from 9th to 17 March and the matches were played in the capital city, Paris. Thirteen nations took part, and were first split into two groups. The seven best teams were placed in the first group, and the six others were placed into the "Criterium Européen", which would later become the B World Championships. The A World Championships were played in a league, with each team playing each other once.
Canada, represented by the Lethbridge Maple Leafs, became world champions for the 14th time. Highest ranking European team Sweden finished second, winning their fifth European Championships, finishing ahead of the Swiss on goal differential by three.
This tournament would be the last time France hosted elite group of World Championships until 2017, when Paris will co-host the Championship along with Cologne in eastern Germany.