List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 74
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This is a list of cases reported in volume 74 (7 Wall.) of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1869.[1]
Nominative reports
[edit]In 1874, the U.S. government created the United States Reports, and retroactively numbered older privately-published case reports as part of the new series. As a result, cases appearing in volumes 1–90 of U.S. Reports have dual citation forms; one for the volume number of U.S. Reports, and one for the volume number of the reports named for the relevant reporter of decisions (these are called "nominative reports").
John William Wallace
[edit]Starting with the 66th volume of U.S. Reports, the Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States was John William Wallace. Wallace was Reporter of Decisions from 1863 to 1874, covering volumes 68 through 90 of United States Reports which correspond to volumes 1 through 23 of his Wallace's Reports. As such, the dual form of citation to, for example, Lincoln v. Clafin is 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 132 (1869).
Wallace's Reports were the final nominative reports for the US Supreme Court; starting with volume 91, cases were identified simply as "(volume #) U.S. (page #) (year)".
Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of 74 U.S. (7 Wall.)
[edit]The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices).[2] Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).
To prevent President Andrew Johnson from appointing any justices, a hostile Congress passed the Judicial Circuits Act of 1866, eliminating three of the 10 seats from the Supreme Court as they became vacant, and so potentially reducing the size of the court to seven justices. The vacancy caused by the death of Justice John Catron in 1865 had not been filled, so after Justice James Moore Wayne died in July 1867 there were eight justices left on the court when the cases in 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) were decided:
| Portrait | Justice | Office | Home State | Succeeded | Date confirmed by the Senate (Vote) |
Tenure on Supreme Court |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg)
|
Salmon P. Chase | Chief Justice | Ohio | Roger B. Taney | December 6, 1864 (Acclamation) |
December 15, 1864 – May 7, 1873 (Died) |
 |
Samuel Nelson | Associate Justice | New York | Smith Thompson | February 14, 1845 (Acclamation) |
February 27, 1845 – November 28, 1872 (Retired) |
 |
Robert Cooper Grier | Associate Justice | Pennsylvania | Henry Baldwin | August 4, 1846 (Acclamation) |
August 10, 1846 – January 31, 1870 (Retired) |
|
Nathan Clifford | Associate Justice | Maine | Benjamin Robbins Curtis | January 12, 1858 (26–23) |
January 21, 1858 – July 25, 1881 (Died) |
|
Noah Haynes Swayne | Associate Justice | Ohio | John McLean | January 24, 1862 (38–1) |
January 27, 1862 – January 24, 1881 (Retired) |
|
Samuel Freeman Miller | Associate Justice | Iowa | Peter Vivian Daniel | July 16, 1862 (Acclamation) |
July 21, 1862 – October 13, 1890 (Died) |
|
David Davis | Associate Justice | Illinois | John Archibald Campbell | December 8, 1862 (Acclamation) |
December 10, 1862 – March 4, 1877 (Resigned) |
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Stephen Johnson Field | Associate Justice | California | newly created seat | March 10, 1863 (Acclamation) |
May 10, 1863 – December 1, 1897 (Retired) |
Notable Cases in 74 U.S. (7 Wall.)
[edit]
Ex parte McCardle
[edit]Ex parte McCardle, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 506 (1869), arose during the Civil War Reconstruction. Newspaper publisher McCardle circulated "incendiary" articles advocating opposition to the Reconstruction laws enacted by Congress. He was jailed by a military commander under the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867. McCardle pursued a writ of habeas corpus in a Circuit Court in Mississippi, where he was unsuccessful. He appealed to the Supreme Court under the Habeas Corpus Act of 1867, which granted appellate jurisdiction to review denial of habeas corpus petitions. After the case was argued but before an opinion was delivered, Congress suspended the Supreme Court's jurisdiction over the case, exercising powers granted under Article III, section 2 of the US Constitution to limit the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. The Court validated congressional withdrawal of the Court's jurisdiction, and so McCardle had no recourse by which to challenge his imprisonment in federal court.
Texas v. White
[edit]In Texas v. White, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 700 (1869), is one of the most important Supreme Court decisions during the Reconstruction era. It remains influential because of its definition of the legal status of a state and how states relate to each other within the nation. In accepting original jurisdiction under the constitution's jurisdictional grant of state v. state cases, the Court ruled that as a matter of constitutional law Texas had remained a United States state ever since it first joined the Union despite its later joining the insurrectionist Confederate States of America. The Court held that the Constitution did not permit states unilaterally to secede from the Union, and that the ordinances of secession and all acts of legislatures in seceding states intended to give effect to such ordinances were void.
Citation style
[edit]Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.
Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.
- "C.C.D." = United States Circuit Court for the District of . . .
- e.g.,"C.C.D.N.J." = United States Circuit Court for the District of New Jersey
- "D." = United States District Court for the District of . . .
- e.g.,"D. Mass." = United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
- "E." = Eastern; "M." = Middle; "N." = Northern; "S." = Southern; "W." = Western
- e.g.,"C.C.S.D.N.Y." = United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York
- e.g.,"M.D. Ala." = United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
- "Ct. Cl." = United States Court of Claims
- The abbreviation of a state's name alone indicates the highest appellate court in that state's judiciary at the time.
- e.g.,"Pa." = Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
- e.g.,"Me." = Supreme Judicial Court of Maine
List of cases in 74 U.S. (7 Wall.)
[edit]| Case Name | Page & year | Opinion of the Court | Concurring opinion(s) | Dissenting opinion(s) | Lower Court | Disposition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girard v. City of Philadelphia | 1 (1869) | Grier | none | none | C.C.E.D. Pa. | affirmed |
| Banks v. City of New York | 16 (1869) | Chase | none | none | N.Y. | reversed |
| Bank of N.Y. v. Supervisors | 26 (1869) | Chase | none | none | N.Y. | reversed |
| The Georgia | 32 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | C.C.D. Mass. | affirmed |
| Mutual Ins. Co. v. Tweed | 44 (1869) | Miller | none | none | C.C.E.D. La. | reversed |
| The China | 53 (1869) | Swayne | Clifford | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
| Lane Cnty. v. Oregon | 71 (1869) | Chase | none | none | Or. | affirmed |
| City of Aurora v. West | 82 (1869) | Clifford | none | Miller | C.C.D. Ind. | affirmed |
| Durant v. Essex Cnty. | 107 (1869) | Field | none | none | C.C.D. Mass. | affirmed |
| Kendall v. United States | 113 (1869) | Miller | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Cowles v. Mercer Cnty. | 118 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
| Nichols v. United States | 122 (1869) | Davis | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Lincoln v. Claflin | 132 (1869) | Field | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
| Green v. Van Buskirk | 139 (1869) | Davis | none | none | N.Y. Sup. Ct. | reversed |
| The Siren | 152 (1869) | Field | none | Nelson | D. Mass. | reversed |
| Dorsheimer v. United States | 166 (1869) | Grier | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Lee Cnty. v. Rogers I | 175 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
| Lee Cnty. v. Rogers II | 181 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
| Gordon v. United States | 188 (1869) | Grier | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| The Grace Girdler | 196 (1869) | Swayne | none | Davis | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
| Brown v. Pierce | 205 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | Sup. Ct. Terr. Neb. | affirmed |
| Silver v. Ladd | 219 (1869) | Miller | none | none | Or. | reversed |
| Bronson v. Rodes | 229 (1869) | Chase | Davis; Swayne | Miller | N.Y. | reversed |
| Butler v. Horwitz | 258 (1869) | Chase | none | Miller | Md. Ct. Com. Pl. | reversed |
| Northern C. Ry. Co. v. Jackson | 262 (1869) | Nelson | none | Clifford | C.C.D. Md. | affirmed |
| Litchfield v. Dubuque & P.R.R. Co. | 270 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | reversed |
| St. Paul & P.R.R. Co. v. Schurmeir | 272 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | Minn. | affirmed |
| Mead v. Ballard | 290 (1869) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. Wis. | affirmed |
| Jacobs v. Baker | 295 (1869) | Grier | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ohio | affirmed |
| Drury v. Cross | 299 (1869) | Davis | none | none | C.C.D. Wis. | reversed |
| Edmonson v. Bloomshire | 306 (1869) | Miller | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ohio | dismissed |
| Benbow v. City of Iowa City | 313 (1869) | Davis | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | reversed |
| Boyd v. Moses | 316 (1869) | Field | none | none | S.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
| Twitchell v. Pennsylvania | 321 (1869) | Chase | none | none | Pa. | dismissed |
| Tyler v. City of Boston | 327 (1869) | Grier | none | none | C.C.D. Mass. | affirmed |
| Grant v. United States | 331 (1869) | Davis | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| United States v. Shoemaker | 338 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | C.C.E.D. Mich. | reversed |
| Thomson v. Dean | 342 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.D.W. Tenn. | dismissal denied |
| Gaines v. Thompson | 347 (1869) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D.C. | affirmed |
| The Diana | 354 (1869) | Field | none | none | S.D. Fla. | reversed |
| Kellogg v. United States | 361 (1869) | Grier | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Ex Parte Bradley | 364 (1869) | Nelson | none | Miller | Sup. Ct. D.C. | mandamus granted |
| Riddlesbarger v. Hartford Ins. Co. | 386 (1869) | Field | none | none | C.C.D. Mo. | affirmed |
| Chicago et al. R.R. Co. v. Howard | 392 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | affirmed |
| Sheets v. Selden | 416 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Ind. | affirmed |
| Payne v. Hook | 425 (1869) | Davis | none | none | C.C.D. Mo. | reversed |
| Pacific Ins. Co. v. Soule | 433 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Cal. | certification |
| Ward v. Smith | 447 (1869) | Field | none | none | C.C.D. Md. | affirmed |
| Confiscation Cases | 454 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | E.D. La. | multiple |
| United States v. Adams | 463 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | Ct. Cl. | reversed |
| United States v. Kirby | 482 (1869) | Field | none | none | C.C.D. Ky. | certification |
| Mulligan v. Corbins | 487 (1869) | Davis | none | none | Ky. | affirmed |
| United States v. Gilmore | 491 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Neb. | reversed |
| Kelly v. Owen | 496 (1869) | Field | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | affirmed |
| Ewing v. Howard | 499 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | C.C.M.D. Tenn. | affirmed |
| Ex parte McCardle | 506 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.S.D. Miss. | dismissed |
| Moore v. Marsh | 515 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | C.C.W.D. Pa. | reversed |
| Randall v. Brigham | 523 (1869) | Field | none | none | D. Mass. | affirmed |
| Palmer v. Donner | 541 (1869) | Chase | none | none | Cal. | dismissed |
| Coppell v. Hall | 542 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.E.D. La. | reversed |
| Cocks v. Izard | 559 (1869) | Davis | none | none | C.C.D. La. | reversed |
| The Grapeshot | 563 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.D. La. | dismissal denied |
| Generes v. Bonnemer | 564 (1869) | Miller | none | none | C.C.D. La. | affirmed |
| Laber v. Cooper | 565 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.N.D. Ill. | affirmed |
| The Alicia | 571 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.S.D. Fla. | appeal improvident |
| Baltimore & O.R.R. Co. v. Harris | 574 (1869) | Chase | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | supersedeas denied |
| Washington et al. R.R. Co. v. Bradleys | 575 (1869) | Chase | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | supersedeas granted |
| Morris v. United States | 578 (1869) | Chase | none | none | M.D. Ala. | reversed |
| United States v. Rosenburgh | 580 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.S.D.N.Y. | dismissed |
| Agawam W. Co. v. Jordan | 583 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | C.C.D. Mass. | affirmed |
| Morgan v. Town of Beloit I | 610 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Wis. | reversed |
| Morgan v. Town of Beloit II | 613 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Wis. | reversed |
| Town of Beloit v. Morgan | 619 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | C.C.D. Wis. | affirmed |
| The Belfast | 624 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | Ala. | reversed |
| White's Bank v. Smith | 646 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | C.C.N.D.N.Y. | reversed |
| The Nichols | 656 (1869) | Clifford | none | none | N.D.N.Y. | affirmed |
| The Floyd Acceptances | 666 (1869) | Miller | none | none | Ct. Cl. | affirmed |
| Whitely v. Swayne | 685 (1869) | Nelson | none | none | C.C.S.D. Ohio | affirmed |
| Garrison v. United States | 688 (1869) | Miller | none | none | Ct. Cl. | reversed |
| James v. Bank of Mobile | 692 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.D. La. | dismissal denied |
| Blitz v. Brown | 693 (1869) | Chase | none | none | Sup. Ct. D.C. | dismissed |
| Washington Cnty. v. Durant | 694 (1869) | Chase | none | none | C.C.D. Iowa | dismissed |
| Austin v. City of Boston | 694 (1869) | Swayne | none | none | Mass. | affirmed |
| Texas v. White | 700 (1869) | Chase | none | Grier; Swayne | original | decree for Texas |
| Roland v. United States | 743 (1869) | Davis | none | none | N.D. Cal. | affirmed |
Notes and references
[edit]- ^ Anne Ashmore, DATES OF SUPREME COURT DECISIONS AND ARGUMENTS, Library, Supreme Court of the United States, 26 December 2018.
- ^ "Supreme Court Research Guide". Georgetown Law Library. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
See also
[edit]External links
[edit]- [1] Case reports in volume 74 (7 Wall.) from Library of Congress
- [2] Case reports in volume 74 (7 Wall.) from Court Listener
- [3] Case reports in volume 74 (7 Wall.) from the Caselaw Access Project of Harvard Law School
- [4] Case reports in volume 74 (7 Wall.) from Google Scholar
- [5] Case reports in volume 74 (7 Wall.) from Justia
- [6] Case reports in volume 74 (7 Wall.) from Open Jurist
- Website of the United States Supreme Court
- United States Courts website about the Supreme Court
- National Archives, Records of the Supreme Court of the United States
- American Bar Association, How Does the Supreme Court Work?
- The Supreme Court Historical Society
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