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List of GLONASS satellites

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As of 31 October 2020, 141 GLONASS navigation satellites have been launched, of which 129 reached the correct orbit and 24 are currently operational.

Satellites

GC number (Ground Control number, Russian: системный номер, номер по наземному комплексу управления) is the spacecraft number in almanac.[1] It only has to be unique during life time of each satellite. Numbers are subject to reuse. Some catalogs mistakenly used GC numbers for historical identification. See notes next to GC numbers.

Satellite Launch date/time (UTC) Carrier rocket Launch site Launch block Satellite type GC number Orbital plane [2] Slot [2] Status / Retirement [2]
[a][needs update]
Kosmos 1413 12 October 1982
14:57 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		1 I 711 I 1 12 January 1984
Kosmos 1490 10 August 1983
18:24 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		2 I 712 I 3 5 July 1984
Kosmos 1491 I 713 I 2 27 September 1984
Kosmos 1519 29 December 1983
00:52 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		3 I 714 III 18 27 September 1984
Kosmos 1520 I 715 III 17 30 June 1986
Kosmos 1554 19 May 1984
15:11 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		4 I 716 III 19 16 August 1985
Kosmos 1555 I 717 III 18 25 October 1985
Kosmos 1593 4 September 1984
15:49 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		5 I 718 I 2 28 November 1985
Kosmos 1594 I 719 I 3 4 September 1986
Kosmos 1650 17 May 1985
22:28 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		6 I 720 I 1 8 November 1985
Kosmos 1651 IIa 721 I 1 9 August 1987
Kosmos 1710 24 December 1985
21:43 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		7 IIa 722 III 18 28 February 1987
Kosmos 1711 IIa 723 III 17 16 May 1987
Kosmos 1778 16 September 1986
11:38 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		8 IIa 724 I 2 20 February 1987
Kosmos 1779 IIa 725 I 3 15 July 1988
Kosmos 1780 IIa 726 I 8 15 June 1988
Kosmos 1838 24 April 1987
12:42 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		9 IIb 730 — Wrong orbit
Kosmos 1839 IIb 731 — Wrong orbit
Kosmos 1840 IIb 732 — Wrong orbit
Kosmos 1883 16 September 1987
02:53 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		10 IIb 733 III - 6 June 1989
Kosmos 1884 IIb 734 III - 30 August 1988
Kosmos 1885 IIb 735 III 17 1 February 1989
Kosmos 1917 17 February 1988
00:23 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		11 IIb 738 — Wrong orbit
Kosmos 1918 IIb 737 — Wrong orbit
Kosmos 1919 IIb 736 — Wrong orbit
Kosmos 1946 21 May 1988
17:57 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		12 IIb 739 I 7 10 May 1990
Kosmos 1947 IIb 740 I 8 19 March 1991
Kosmos 1948 IIb 741 I 1 11 June 1991
Kosmos 1970 16 September 1988
02:00 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		13 IIv 742 III 17 21 May 1990
Kosmos 1971 IIv 743 III 18 31 August 1989
Kosmos 1972 IIv 744 III 19 1 November 1991
Kosmos 1987 10 January 1989
02:05 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		14 IIa 727 I 2 14 March 1993
Kosmos 1988 IIv 745 I 3 16 February 1992
Kosmos 2022 31 May 1989
08:32 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		15 IIa 728 III 24 25 January 1990
Kosmos 2023 IIa 729 III 19 18 November 1989
Kosmos 2079 19 May 1990
08:32 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		16 IIv 746 III 17 23 April 1994
Kosmos 2080 IIv 751 III 19 27 July 1994
Kosmos 2081 IIv 752 III 20 18 August 1992
Kosmos 2109 8 December 1990
02:43 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/40 		17 IIv 747 I 7 17 March 1994
Kosmos 2110 IIv 748 I 4 29 October 1993
Kosmos 2111 IIv 749 I 5 9 June 1996
Kosmos 2139 4 April 1991
10:47 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		18 IIv 750 III 22 29 September 1994
Kosmos 2140 IIv 753 III 21 6 January 1992
Kosmos 2141 IIv 754 III 24 26 February 1992
Kosmos 2177 29 January 1992
22:19 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/23 		19 IIv 768 I 3 9 January 1993
Kosmos 2178 IIv 769 I 8 23 May 1997
Kosmos 2179 IIv 771 I 1 25 October 1996
Kosmos 2204 30 July 1992
01:59 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/23 		20 IIv 756 III 18 27 June 1997
Kosmos 2205 IIv 772 III 21 29 June 1994
Kosmos 2206 IIv 774 III 24 18 May 1996
Kosmos 2234 17 February 1993
20:09 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/23 		21 IIv 773 I 2 9 March 1994
Kosmos 2235 IIv 759 I 6 30 June 1997
Kosmos 2236 IIv 757 I 3 27 July 1997
Kosmos 2275 11 April 1994
07:49 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/23 		22 IIv 758 III 18 5 March 1999
Kosmos 2276 IIv 760 III 17 30 July 1999
Kosmos 2277 IIv 761 III 23 24 July 1997
Kosmos 2287 11 August 1994
15:27 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/23 		23 IIv 767 II 12 5 November 1998
Kosmos 2288 IIv 770 II 14 24 August 1999
Kosmos 2289 IIv 775 II 16 13 August 2000
Kosmos 2294 20 November 1994
00:39 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		24 IIv 762 I 4 4 September 1999
Kosmos 2295 IIv 763 I 3 27 July 1999
Kosmos 2296 IIv 764 I 6 27 October 1999
Kosmos 2307 7 March 1995
09:23 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		25 IIv 765 III 20 10 September 1999
Kosmos 2308 IIv 766 III 22 21 November 2000
Kosmos 2309 IIv 777 III 19 17 July 1997
Kosmos 2316 24 July 1995
15:52 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		26 IIv 780 II 15 3 December 1998
Kosmos 2317 IIv 781 II 10 24 January 2001
Kosmos 2318 IIv 785 II 11 3 February 2001
Kosmos 2323 14 December 1995
06:10 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		27 IIv 776 II 9 13 August 2000
Kosmos 2324 IIv 778 II 15 29 January 2001
Kosmos 2325 IIv 782 II 13 23 July 2001
Kosmos 2362 30 December 1998
18:35 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		28 IIv 786 I 7 20 October 2003
Kosmos 2363 IIv 784 I 8 19 December 2003
Kosmos 2364 IIv 779 I 1 8 July 2002
Kosmos 2374 13 October 2000
14:12 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		29 IIv 783 III 18 25 May 2007 [3]
Kosmos 2375 IIv 787 III 17 12 September 2006 [4]
Kosmos 2376 IIv 788 III 24 14 December 2005 [5]
Kosmos 2380 1 December 2001
18:04 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		30 IIv 790 I 6 19 December 2003
Kosmos 2381 IIv 789 I 3 25 August 2007 [6]
Kosmos 2382 III 711 I 5 9 July 2006 [6]
Kosmos 2394 25 December 2002
07:37 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/23 		31 IIv 791 III 22 7 February 2007 [3]
Kosmos 2395 IIv 792 III 21 18 November 2007 [6]
Kosmos 2396 IIv 793 III 23 23 September 2005 [7]
Kosmos 2402 10 December 2003
13:53 		Proton-K
Briz-M 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		32 IIv 794 I 2 19 April 2007 [8]
Kosmos 2403 IIv 795 I 4 1 May 2009 [9]
Kosmos 2404 M 701 I 6 18 June 2009 [9]
Kosmos 2411 26 December 2004
13:53 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 200/39 		33 IIv 796 I 1 4 May 2008 [10]
Kosmos 2412 IIv 797 I 8 16 June 2008 [10]
Kosmos 2413 M 712 I 7 22 November 2012
Kosmos 2417 25 December 2005
05:07 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		34 IIv 798 III 22 9 July 2007 [6]
Kosmos 2418 M 713 III 24 2 November 2009 [11]
Kosmos 2419 M 714 III 17 24 February 2016
Kosmos 2424 25 December 2006
20:18 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		35 M 715 II 14 26 June 2017
Kosmos 2425 M 716 II 15 Reserve satellite
Kosmos 2426 M 717 II 10 1 August 2019
Kosmos 2431 26 October 2007
07:35 		Proton-K
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		36 M 718 III 17 29 November 2010 [12]
Kosmos 2432 M 719 III 20 Operational
Kosmos 2433 M 720 III 19 Operational
Kosmos 2434 25 December 2007
19:32 		Proton-M
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		37 M 721 II 13 Operational
Kosmos 2435 M 722 II 14 12 October 2011 [13]
Kosmos 2436 M 723 II 10 Operational - No L2 Signal [14]
Kosmos 2442 25 September 2008
08:49 		Proton-M
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		38 M 724 III 18 12 February 2014
Kosmos 2443 M 725 III 21 8 July 2016
Kosmos 2444 M 726 III 22 28 November 2012
Kosmos 2447 25 December 2008
10:43 		Proton-M
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		39 M 727 I 3 28 November 2012
Kosmos 2448 M 728 I 2 16 October 2013
Kosmos 2449 M 729 I 8 9 September 2012
Kosmos 2456 14 December 2009
10:38 		Proton-M
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		40 M 730 I 1 Operational
Kosmos 2457 M 733 I 6 Operational - No L2 Signal [15]
Kosmos 2458 M 734 I 5 6 August 2018 [16]
Kosmos 2459 1 March 2010
21:19 		Proton-M
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		41 M 731 III 22 2 June 2020
Kosmos 2460 M 732 III 23 Operational
Kosmos 2461 M 735 III 22 Operational
Kosmos 2464 2 September 2010
00:53 		Proton-M
DM-2 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		42 M 736 II 16 Operational
Kosmos 2465 M 737 II 12 21 November 2016 [17]
Kosmos 2466 M 738 II 16 15 February 2016 [18]
— 5 December 2010
10:25 		Proton-M
DM-03 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		43 M 739 — Failed to orbit
— M 740 — Failed to orbit
— M 741 — Failed to orbit
Kosmos 2471 26 February 2011
03:07 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		K1S K1 701 [b] III 20 Flight testing [c]
Kosmos 2474 2 October 2011
20:15 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		45S M 742 I 4 26 August 2019
Kosmos 2475 4 November 2011
12:51 		Proton-M
Briz-M 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		44 M 743 I 8 Operational
Kosmos 2476 M 744 I 3 Operational
Kosmos 2477 M 745 I 7 Operational
Kosmos 2478 28 November 2011
08:25 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		46S M 746 III 17 13 April 2015 [20] [d]
Kosmos 2485 26 April 2013
05:23 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		47S M 747 I 2 Operational
— 2 July 2013
02:38 		Proton-M
DM-03 		Baikonur,
Site 81/24 		47 M 748 — Failed to orbit
— M 749 — Failed to orbit
— M 750 — Failed to orbit
Kosmos 2494 23 March 2014
22:54 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		48S M 754 III 18 Operational
Kosmos 2500 14 June 2014
17:16 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		49S M 755 [e] III 21 Operational
Kosmos 2501 30 November 2014
21:52 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		K2S K1 702 [f] II 9 Operational [g]
Kosmos 2514 7 February 2016
00:21 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		50S M 751 III 17 Operational
Kosmos 2516 29 May 2016
08:44 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		51S M 753 II 11 November 2020[21]
Kosmos 2522 22 September 2017
00:02 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		52S M 752 II 14 Operational
Kosmos 2527 17 June 2018
21:46 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		53S M 756 [h] I 5 Operational
Kosmos 2529 3 November 2018
20:17 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		54S M 757 [i] II 15 Operational
Kosmos 2534 27 May 2019
06:23 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		55S M 758 [j] II 12 Operational
Kosmos 2544 11 December 2019
08:54 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/3 		56S M 759 [k] I 4 Operational
Kosmos 2545 16 March 2020
18:28 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/4 		57S M 760 [l] III 24 Operational
Kosmos 2547 25 October 2020
19:08 		Soyuz-2.1b
Fregat-M 		Plesetsk,
Site 43/3 		58S K1 705 II 10 Flight tests
  1. ^ Some dates are abandonment dates, some dates are known non-service dates prior to abandonment.
  2. ^ Known is some catalogs as 701K.
  3. ^ Kosmos 2471, the first GLONASS-K1, operates in test mode only, with its signal flagged as "unhealthy". In addition, the satellite provides active Cospas-Sarsat search and rescue service.[19]
  4. ^ Restored the system to fully operational for the first time since late 1995.
  5. ^ Include L3OC signal.
  6. ^ Known is some catalogs as 702K.
  7. ^ Kosmos 2501, second GLONASS-K1, also provides Cospas-Sarsat search and rescue service.[19]
  8. ^ Include L3OC signal.
  9. ^ Include L3OC signal.
  10. ^ Include L3OC signal.
  11. ^ Include L3OC signal.
  12. ^ Include L3OC signal.

Satellites by version

Version Launched Operational Not used Retired Lost
at launch 		Remarks
Uragan Block I 10 0 0 10 0
Uragan Block IIa 9 0 0 9 0
Uragan Block IIb 12 0 0 6 6
Uragan Block IIv 56 0 0 56 0
Uragan Block III 1 0 0 1 0
Uragan-M 50 22 2 20 6 1 satellite left to launch
Uragan-K1 3 1 2 0 0 Launches continuing
Total 141 23 4 102 12

Orbital slots

GC numbers refer to currently active satellites. GC numbers in parentheses refer to non-operational satellites under testing or in reserve.
Refer to Official GLONASS web page for the most up-to-date information.

Slot Plane
I II III
1/9/17 730 702 751
2/10/18 747 723 754
3/11/19 744 (705) 720
4/12/20 759 758 719 (701)
5/13/21 756 721 755
6/14/22 733 752 735 (731)
7/15/23 745 757 (716) 732
8/16/24 743 736 760

Planned launches

Date [22][23] Rocket Launch site Satellite type GC # Manufacturer # Remarks
2021 [24] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K 706 No.16
2021 [24] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-M 761 No.52 Last GLONASS-M satellite. Storage period expires in 2021.[24]
2021 [24] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.17
2021 [24] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K2 No.13L [25]
2022 [24] [26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K2 No.14L
2022 [27][26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.18
2022 [27][26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.19
2022 [27][26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.20
2022 [27][26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.21
2022 [27][26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.22
2022 [27][26] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K No.23 Last GLONASS-K satellite. After the initial two prototypes launched in 2011 and 2014, only nine more GLONASS-K1 models will be produced. They will be launched as needed to replace end-of-life GLONASS-M variants.[27]
2023 [26][28] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K2 No.24L
2023 [28] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K2 No.25L
2024 Angara A5 Plesetsk or Vostochny GLONASS-K2 × 2 No.26, No.27
2024 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K2 No.28
2024 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk GLONASS-K2 No.29
2026 [29] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk or Vostochny GLONASS-V No.11L First of six initial satellites in highly elliptical orbits.[29][30][31]
2026 [29] Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M Plesetsk or Vostochny GLONASS-V No.12L
2027 [29] Angara A5 Plesetsk or Vostochny GLONASS-V No.13L, No.14L
2027 [29] Angara A5 Plesetsk or Vostochny GLONASS-V No.15L, No.16L
2025–2033 Soyuz-2.1b and Angara A5 Plesetsk and Vostochny GLONASS-K2 × 1-2 No.30-No.54

See also

References

  1. ^ "ГЛОНАССовские страдания" [GLONASS pains] (PDF). Novosti Kosmonavtiki (in Russian). 1999. p. 24. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  2. ^ a b c "Satellite-specific info for GPS/GLONASS/GEO/LEO/SLR, BSW5.2". Bernese GNSS Software. University of Bern, Astronomy Institute (AIUB). 7 September 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  3. ^ a b "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 November 2007. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
  4. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 April 2007. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
  5. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 25 December 2005. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  6. ^ a b c d "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 January 2008. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  7. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 April 2007. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
  8. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 May 2007. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
  9. ^ a b "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 20 June 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  10. ^ a b "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 August 2008. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  11. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 January 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  12. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 1 December 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  13. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 12 October 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  14. ^ "GLONASS Constellation Status".
  15. ^ "GLONASS Constellation Status".
  16. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 14 August 2018. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
  17. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 25 November 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  18. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 16 February 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  19. ^ a b "COSPAS-SARSAT". ESA. June 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  20. ^ "Daily constellation status". TsNIIMash. 14 April 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  21. ^ "Новейший "Глонасс-К" сменит вышедший из строя аппарат, рассказал источник" [Newest Glonass-K to replace failed satellite, source says]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). 26 December 2020. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  22. ^ Pietrobon, Steven (17 May 2019). "Russian Launch Manifest". Retrieved 21 May 2019.
  23. ^ "В ближайшие 15 лет запустят 46 спутников системы ГЛОНАСС" [46 GLONASS satellites will be launched in the next 15 years] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 9 May 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  24. ^ a b c d e f "For global use" [Для глобального применения] (PDF). Siberian Sputnik (in Russian). Information Satellite Systems Reshetnev. 19 November 2020. p. 4. Retrieved 28 December 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  25. ^ "ЗАКУПКА №31807072240" [Purchase №31807072240] (in Russian). The Russian Federation Treasury. 26 October 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h @anik1982space (21 February 2020). "Интересные новости с конференции по страхованию: 1. В этом году 3 запуска спутников «Глонасс»: М №60 в марте, К №15 - во 2 квартале, К №16 - в конце года. М №61 по оперативной необходимости; 2. Запуск «Глонассов-К» №15-23 в 2020-2022 годах, «Глонасса-К2» №24 - в 2023 году;" [Interesting news from the conference: 1. This year, 3 launches of Glonass satellites: M No.60 in March, K No.15 - in the 2nd quarter, K No.16 - at the end of the year. M No.61 for operational need; 2. Launch of Glonass-K No.15-23 in 2020-2022, Glonass-K2 No.24 - in 2023;] (Tweet). Retrieved 21 February 2020 – via Twitter.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g "Девять спутников "Глонасс-К" будут запущены на орбиту до 2022 года - производитель". finanz.ru. 21 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  28. ^ a b "Около 30 спутников нового поколения пополнят систему ГЛОНАСС к 2031 году" [About 30 new generation satellites will update GLONASS system before 2031.] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 12 November 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  29. ^ a b c d e "Запуск спутников для повышения точности ГЛОНАСС отложен на три года" [Satellite launches to improve GLONASS accuracy delayed by three years] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  30. ^ "Directions 2019: High-orbit GLONASS and CDMA signal". 12 December 2018. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  31. ^ "Систему ГЛОНАСС пополнят повышающие точность спутники "Глонасс-В"" [Glonass-V satellites will increase GLONASS accuracy] (in Russian). RIA Novosti. 9 May 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
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