Alopecurus myosuroides

Alopecurus myosuroides
	Blackgrass in a barley crop
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Pooideae
Genus:	Alopecurus
Species:	A. myosuroides
Binomial name
	Alopecurus myosuroides; Huds.

Alopecurus myosuroides is an annual grass, found on cultivated and waste land. It is also known as slender meadow foxtail, black-grass, twitch grass, and black twitch.

Description

It can grow up to 80 cm high, often growing in tufts. The leaves are hairless. Leaf sheath is smooth, green to purplish in colour. The leaf blade is pointed, 3 to 16 cm long, green, rough in texture. The spikelets are cylindrical, yellow-green, pale green or purple in colour.

It flowers from May to August.^[1]

Weed status

In the UK, where it is known to farmers as black-grass, it is a major weed of cereal crops as it produces a large amount of seed which is shed before the crop is cut. It has developed resistance to a range of herbicides used to control it. Herbicide resistance testing^[2] is often needed to understand what herbicides will be effective at treating it. It can occur at very high densities competing with the crop and seriously reducing the yield of crops such as wheat and barley if not controlled.

The seeds have a short period of dormancy and viability, and the numbers may be reduced by surface cultivation after harvest.

References

^ Grasses by C E Hubbard, 1978, published by Penguin Books
^ "Herbicide resistance testing - ADAS". www.adas.uk. Retrieved 2019-06-18.

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[1] Grasses by C E Hubbard, 1978, published by Penguin Books

[2] "Herbicide resistance testing - ADAS". www.adas.uk. Retrieved 2019-06-18.

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