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Timeline of Official Irish Republican Army actions

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This is a timeline of actions by the Official Irish Republican Army (Official IRA or OIRA), an Irish republican & Marxist-Leninist paramilitary group. Most of these actions took place as part of a Guerrilla campaign against the British Army & Royal Ulster Constabulary and internal Irish Republican feuds with the Provisional IRA & Irish National Liberation Army from the early 1970s - to the mid 1970s during the most violent phase of "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland.

Timeline of attacks & actions

1969

1970

  • 3-5 July: Twelve Volunteers from the Provisional IRA & 90 Volunteers from the Official IRA's Belfast Brigade did battle with the British Army during the Falls Curfew. Four civilians were killed by the British Army, several IRA Volunteers injured & 18 British soldiers were also injured during the battle.
  • June - August: An Official IRA active service unit based in London, England carried out a series of armed bank robberies during the summer of 1970 to raise funds for the OIRA. Kieran Conway who in 1974 left the OIRA over their ceasefire and became a PIRA Volunteer was a member of this unit.[2]

1971

  • 8 March - After a gun battle between the Officials & Provisionals, the OIRA Volunteers shot dead the Provisional IRA's Belfast C Company commander Charlie Hughes (cousin of future Republican legend & 1980 Hunger Strike leader Brendan Hughes) & injured Tom Cahill, a nephew of veteran Irish Republican Joe Cahill. Tensions between the two factions would lead to more bloodshed a few years later. See: Official & Provisional IRA feud
  • 22 May - The first British soldier to die at the hands of the Official IRA, Robert Bankier of the Royal Green Jackets was killed by a unit led by Joe McCann. McCann's unit opened fire on a passing British mobile patrol near Cromac Square, hitting the patrol from both sides. He was the fourth British soldier to die on active service & the seventh overall since the conflict began.[3]
  • 6 July - An OIRA Volunteer Martin O'Leary died in a premature bomb explosion at a training camp at the Mogul Mines in the Silvermines mountains in County Tipperary.
  • 9 - 10 August 1971 - During the introduction of Internment without trial OIRA Staff Captain Joe McCann led a small unit that held of a large number of British troops (reported 600 soldiers) for a number of hours to let people evade capture in the Markets area of Belfast.
  • 14 August - An Official IRA sniper shot dead British soldier John Robinson (21) while he was on mobile patrol in Butler Street, Ardoyne, Belfast during riots in the aftermath of internment.[4]
  • 4 September - The OIRA killed a British soldier who was part of a mobile patrol in a land mine attack near Newry.
  • 14 September - A OIRA sniper shot dead a British soldier in the Creggan area of Derry.
  • 23 September 1971 - Official IRA Volunteers Curry Rose (18) and Gerard O'Hare (17) were both killed in a premature bomb explosion while preparing a bomb in a house in Merrion Street, along the Lower Falls.
  • 4 October - A British soldier was killed in an OIRA bomb attack on an Army base in Cuppar Street, Belfast.
  • 12 December - A three-man active service unit of the OIRA assassinated Stormont Senator and UUP member John Barnhill when they shot him dead during an attack on his Brickfield home in near Strabane, Tyrone. Barnhill's home was destroyed by a bomb during the attack.[5] He was the first politician killed in Ireland since the Irish Civil War nearly 50 years earlier.

1972

  • 30 January - It is claimed by eyewitnesses during Bloody Sunday in The Bogside in Derry that an OIRA Volunteer returned a single shot at the Paratroopers who had already opened fire.[6]
  • 6 February - A former member of the British Army's Parachute Regiment was found just inside the South Armagh border. The killing was blamed on the OIRA
  • 13 February - The OIRA abducted and shot dead a British soldier from the Royal Army Ordnance Corps, his body was found near Newtownbutler.
  • 22 February - An OIRA unit exploded a bomb at Aldershot Barrack in Hampshire, England. Seven people were killed in the blast. See. 1972 Aldershot bombing .
  • 25 February - In Russell Street, Armagh two OIRA Volunteers fired shots from a Thompson SMG seriously injuring Stormont Minister & security spokesman John Taylor of the UUP.
  • 29 February - The OIRA shot dead an RUC officer outside a factory in Newry. He died on the 2 March.
  • 12 March - A OIRA sniper shot dead a Catholic civilian during a sniper attack on British Army base in the Falls Road, Belfast.
  • 10 April - Two British soldiers were killed in an OIRA bomb attack in Rosemount, Derry.
  • 15 April - OIRA Belfast Commander Joe McCann was shot dead in the Markets area of Belfast. His funeral was attended by over 5,000 people.
  • 15 April - A British soldier was shot dead in an OIRA sniper attack in Divis Street, Lower Falls, Belfast. Two other British soldiers were seriously injured.[7]
  • 16 April - A British soldier was shot dead in an OIRA sniper attack in Bishops Street, Derry.
  • 16 April - A British soldier was ambushed outside his base and shot dead by the OIRA in the Brandywell area of Derry.
  • 16 April - Two British soldiers were wounded in an ambush in Newry, Armagh.[7]
  • 21 May - The OIRA shot dead a popular young soldier from the local area, Ranger William Best (19) who was home on leave, his body was found in William Street, Derry. There was anger from the Nationalist community against the OIRA over this killing.
  • 13 - 14 May - OIRA Volunteers joined forces with the Provisional IRA during the Battle at Springmartin.
  • 29 May - The OIRA called an offensive ceasefire.
  • 9 - 14 July - Various units from the Official IRA Belfast Brigade took part in the Battle of Lenadoon
  • 9 July - British snipers shot dead a member of the OIRA's Youth Wing David McCafferty (15) along with four other people in Ballymurphy, west Belfast. See: Springhill Massacre
  • 11 July - A Volunteer from the OIRA Youth Wing Gerard Doherty (16) was shot dead in his house by the British Army in Belfast.
  • 14 July - OIRA Volunteer Edward Brady was shot dead by the British Army during a gun battle in Ardoyne, Belfast.
  • 25 July - The OIRA shot dead UDA member James Kenna at the junction of Roden Street & Clifford Street in Belfast.
  • 30 September - A female OIRA Volunteer Patricia McKay was shot dead by the British Army during an attack on an Army barracks.
  • 16 October - Two OIRA Volunteers were shot dead by the British Army a VCP in Coagh, Tyrone.
  • 5 December - A British soldier was killed when he detonated a booby-trap bomb attached to an RPG planted by the OIRA in Lurgan, Armagh.
  • 15 December - A RUC officer was shot dead by OIRA volunteers near Kilwilkie gardens, Lurgan, Armagh.
  • 15 December - A off-duty UDR soldier was shot dead as he left his workplace near Moy Road, Armagh.

[8]

1973

  • 7 April - At Windmill Hill, Armagh the British Army shot dead OIRA Volunteer James McGerrigan (17).
  • 9 April - The British Army shot dead OIRA Volunteer Anthony Hughes (20) while moving weapons out from his house in Culdee Terrace, Armagh.
  • 14 April - The Ulster Volunteer Force(UVF) shot dead OIRA Volunteer Robert Millen on the Ormeau Road, Belfast.
  • 27 April - A OIRA sniper shot dead a British soldier in the Creggan, Derry.
  • 21 June - The OIRA shot dead a Protestant civilian David Walker (16) near the entrance of the Falls Road, Belfast.
  • 6 July - Patrick Bracken (27) an OIRA volunteer was shot dead by the UVF along the Falls Road, Belfast
  • 25 September - Seamus Larkin (34) an ex-OIRA Volunteer was shot dead by the OIRA near Killeen, Armagh. Part of internal feud.

[9]

1974

  • 11 January - The OIRA killed two civilians who worked as contractors for the British Army when they exploded a bomb under their car as they left Ebrington British Army base near the Waterside, Derry.
  • 13 January - The OIRA shot dead a civilian at Balholm Drive, Ardoyne, Belfast.
  • 15 May - The British Army shot dead two OIRA Volunteers after they captured them planting a landmine near Ballyholland close to Newry, Down. The Volunteers killed were Colman Rowntree (24) and Martin McAlinden (23).
  • 2 June - Paul Tinnelly (34) a former OIRA Volunteer and founder of the short-lived paramilitary group "Tinnelly's Brigade" was shot dead by the OIRA in Rostrevor, Down.[10]
  • 6 September - The OIRA shot dead a RUC officer during a robbery on an Ulster Bank in Rathcole, Newtownabbey, Antrim.
  • 18 September - Patrick McGreevey (15) a Volunteer in the OIRA's Youth Wing was shot dead by the UVF in Clifton Street, Belfast.
  • 8 December - There was a split in the Official Republican Movement when a large group lead by Seamus Costello left and formed the Irish Republican Socialist Party and the Irish National Liberation Army in a hotel Dublin.

[11]

1975

  • 20 February 1975 - A feud between the OIRA and the newly formed Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) began when OIRA Volunteers from the Belfast Brigade shot dead Hugh Ferguson (19), then chairman of Whiterock IRSP. The feud lasted until 5 June 1975 and all the killings by both sides happened in Belfast.[12]
  • 25 February - The INLA using the cover name People's Liberation Army (PLA) shot dead OIRA Volunteer Paul Fox (25). Part of INLA/OIRA feud.
  • 1 March - the INLA shot and wounded OIRA leader Sean Garland. The attack happened in the Ballymurphy area of Belfast; part of the feud.
  • 6 April - the OIRA shot dead INLA volunteer Daniel Loughran on Albert Street, Belfast; part of the feud.
  • 12 April - the INLA shot dead OIRA volunteer Paul Crawford on Falls Road; part of the feud.
  • 28 April - the INLA shot dead OIRA volunteer and Belfast Brigade Commander Billy McMillen on Falls Road, part of the feud.
  • 5 June - the Official IRA shot dead INLA volunteer Brendan McNamee on Stewartstown Road, Belfast; final action of the INLA/OIRA feud.
  • 10 June - The OIRA shot dead Saor Éire Volunteer Larry White (25) in County Cork
  • 10 October - The OIRA shot dead a civilian during an armed robbery on his workplace in Whiterock, Belfast.
  • 19 October - A civilian died two weeks after being shot by the OIRA along Cabra Road, Dublin.
  • 29 October - The Provisional IRA (PIRA) shot and killed OIRA Volunteer Robert Elliman (27), in McKenna's Bar in the Markets area of Belfast. This was the start of a new PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 31 October - Thomas Berry (27), a Volunteer of the OIRA, was shot dead by the PIRA outside Sean Martin's Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) Club in the Short Strand, Belfast.
  • 31 October - In a revenge attack the OIRA shot dead a senior PIRA Volunteer Sean McCusker (40) in the New Lodge Road, Belfast for the recent killings of the OIRA Volunteers.
  • 9 November - The PIRA shot dead OIRA Volunteer along the New Lodge, Belfast.
  • 11 November - The OIRA shot dead a civilian who they mistook as a member of the PIRA along the Lower Falls, Belfast. Part of PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 11 November - The PIRA shot dead OIRA Volunteer John Brown (25) at his home in Cooke Place, Belfast. Part of PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 12 November - The OIRA shot dead civilian and Chairman of the Falls Road Taxi Association Michael Duggan (32) for its links to the PIRA in Hawthorne, Belfast. Part of PIRA/OIRA feud.

[13]

1976

  • 18 February - A Sinn Fein member Paul Best (19) died three months after being shot by the OIRA in Turf Lodge, Belfast. Part of the PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 13 July - Gerard Gilmore (19) an OIRA Volunteer was shot dead by Loyalist paramilitaries near Greencastle, Belfast, no specific group claimed responsibility for the killing but it is believed the UVF carried it out.

[14]

1977

  • 10 April - The PIRA shot dead a civilian ( john shortt) in the Turf Lodge, Belfast. The intended target was an OIRA volunteer who was a relative of the civilian killed.
  • 27 July - The PIRA shot dead a Republican Clubs member (a group with close links to the OIRA) in the New Lodge, Belfast. Part of a renewed PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 27 July - In retaliation for the killing of a Republican Clubs member the OIRA tried to kill a Sinn Fein member but shot dead the brother of the intended target. Part of PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 27 July - The OIRA shot dead PIRA volunteer Thomas Toland (31) in the Ballymurphy area of Belfast. Part of PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 27 July - The OIRA shot dead a civilian in his house in Andersonstown, Belfast, the previous occupant of the house was the intended target. Part of PIRA/OIRA feud.
  • 5 October - The OIRA shot dead former OIRA Volunteer, and the then-current leader of the INLA & IRSP Seamus Costello in Northbrook Avenue, Dublin. Part of INLA/OIRA feud

[15]

1979

  • 9 June - The UDA shot dead Joseph McKee (33) an OIRA Volunteer inside a shop in Castle Street, Belfast.
  • 10 September - A group of OIRA Volunteers badly beat a civilian man to death in the Ballymurphy area of Belfast.

[16]

1982

  • 4 June - The INLA shot dead OIRA volunteer James Flynn (37) on North Strand Road, Dublin. End of the INLA/OIRA feud.

[17]

1992

There was a split in the Workers' Party of Ireland (long believed to be the political wing of the OIRA) when Proinsias de Rossa failed to get assurance that the Workers' Party had severed all links with the Official IRA.[18]

1995

Some members of the OIRA broke away to form the Official Republican Movement (ORM). The ORM members were angry with the lack of support the Workers Party gave to OIRA prisoners.[19]

1997

  • 6 January - A man was shot in the leg as so-called "punishment attack" in West Belfast. It's claimed Volunteers from the OIRA carried out the attack.[20]
  • 6 August - A Taxi driver was shot in the legs in another "punishment attack", people claimed the OIRA were responsible for the attack.[21]

1998

  • 11 June - Shots were fired at a Sinn Fein election worker in south Belfast. Sinn Fein claimed the attack was carried out by the Official IRA.[22]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Northern Ireland Troubles.

Further reading

References

  1. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch69.htm#281269
  2. ^ Interview with Kieran Conway, 'HARDtalk' BBC, 20 October 2016. Published on Youtube 27 October 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGu78sfInPA
  3. ^ Jack Holland & Henry McDonald, INLA – Deadly Divisions, 1994, p. 10
  4. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". Cain.ulst.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  5. ^ https://www.nytimes.com/1971/12/13/archives/rightist-ulster-senator-slain-by-gunmen-in-home-gunmen-kill-an.html
  6. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/events/bsunday/bs.htm
  7. ^ a b Holland, Jack; McDonald, Henry (1994). INLA Deadly Divisions.
  8. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1972.html
  9. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1973.html
  10. ^ http://irishistory.blogspot.com/2013/05/irish-republican-paramilitary-groups.html
  11. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1974.html
  12. ^ Sutton, Malcolm. "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". Cain.ulst.ac.uk. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
  13. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1975.html
  14. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1976.html
  15. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1977.html
  16. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1979.html
  17. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/sutton/chron/1982.html
  18. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch92.htm#22292
  19. ^ http://irishistory.blogspot.com/2013/09/irish-republican-paramilitary-groups.html
  20. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch97.htm#6197
  21. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch97.htm#6897
  22. ^ https://cain.ulster.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch98.htm#11698
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