Silver nitrite

Silver nitrite
Names
	IUPAC name silver nitrite
Identifiers
CAS Number	7783-99-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	141361 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.128
EC Number	232-041-7;
PubChem CID	160904;
UNII	T3MZ57OGIF ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00884428 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Ag.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h;(H,2,3)/q+1;/p-1 Key: KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M;
	SMILES N(=O)[O-].[Ag+];
Properties
Chemical formula	AgNO2
Molar mass	153.87 g/mol
Appearance	colorless to yellow crystals
Melting point	140 °C (284 °F; 413 K)
Solubility in water	0.155 g/100 mL (0 °C) ; 0.275 g/100 mL (15 °C) ; 1.363 g/100 mL (60 °C)
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−42.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 0 2
Safety data sheet (SDS)	Sigma-Aldrich
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Silver nitrite is an inorganic compound with the formula AgNO₂.^[1]

Applications

Silver nitrite has many applications. Notable examples include:

The production of aniline compounds.
General oxidizing agent.
Victor Meyer type nucleophilic substitution reactions with organobromides or organoiodides forming nitro compounds.^[2]
Nitroalkene synthesis with nitryl iodide generated in-situ from silver nitrite and elemental iodine.^[3]

Production

Silver nitrite is produced from the reaction between silver nitrate and an alkali nitrite, such as sodium nitrite.^[2] Silver nitrite is much less soluble in water than silver nitrate, and a solution of silver nitrate will readily precipitate silver nitrite upon addition of sodium nitrite:

AgNO₃ _(aq) + NaNO₂ _(s) → NaNO₃ _(aq) + AgNO₂ _{(precipitate)}

Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction between silver sulfate and barium nitrite.

References

^ American elements
^ ^a ^b Kornblum, N.; Ungnade, H. E. (1958). "1-NITROÖCTANE" (PDF). Organic Syntheses. 38: 75. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
^ Waldman, Steve; Monte, Aaron, Monte; Bracey, Ann; Nichols, David (1996). "One-pot Claisen rearrangement/O-methylation/alkene isomerization in the synthesis of ortho-methoxylated phenylisopropylamines". Tetrahedron Letters. 37 (44): 7889–7892. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(96)01807-2. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[1] American elements

[Silver-2] Kornblum, N.; Ungnade, H. E. (1958). "1-NITROÖCTANE" (PDF). Organic Syntheses. 38: 75. Retrieved 6 January 2014.

[3] Waldman, Steve; Monte, Aaron, Monte; Bracey, Ann; Nichols, David (1996). "One-pot Claisen rearrangement/O-methylation/alkene isomerization in the synthesis of ortho-methoxylated phenylisopropylamines". Tetrahedron Letters. 37 (44): 7889–7892. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(96)01807-2. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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