Aram Shah
| Aram Shah | |
|---|---|
| Sultan of Delhi | |
| Reign | 1210-1211 |
| Predecessor | Qutb al-Din Aibak |
| Successor | Iltutmish |
| Died | 1211 |
| House | Mamluk dynasty |
| Father | Qutb al-Din Aibak |
| Religion | Islam |
Aram Shah was the second sultan of the Mamluk dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.[1] He reigned from 1210 to 1211.
Origins
The relationship of Aram Shah with Qutb al-Din Aibak (the first sultan of Delhi, who ruled from 1206 to 1210) is a subject of controversy.[2][3] According to some, he was Aibak's son, but Minhaj-i-Siraj distinctly writes that Qutb al-Din only had three daughters. Abul Fazl has made the "astonishing statement" that Aram Shah was Qutb al-Din's brother. A modern writer has hazarded the opinion that "he was no relation of Qutb al-Din" but was selected as his successor as he was available on the spot.
Succession
There were no fixed rules governing the succession in the Sultanate, with Aram being selected by Turkic amirs (nobles) at Lahore.[4] However, Aram was ill-qualified to govern a kingdom. An elite group of forty nobles known as "Chihalgani" soon conspired against him and invited Shams ud-Din Iltutmish, then Governor of Badaun, to replace Aram. Both Aram Shah and Iltutmish marched towards Delhi from Lahore and Badaun respectively. They met on the plain of Bagh-i-Jud near Delhi in 1211, where Iltutmish defeated Aram.[5][6]
It is unclear whether Aram was martyred, killed in battle or executed in prison.[7]
See also
References
- ^ Ashirbadi Lal Srivastava (1966). The Sultanate of Delhi, 711-1526 A.D. Shiva Lal Agarwala. pp. 92–93.
- ^ Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, (Cambridge University Press, 1999), 29.
- ^ C.E. Bosworth, The New Islamic Dynasties, (Columbia University Press, 1996), 300.
- ^ Satish Chandra, Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals, Part One, (Har-Anand Publications, 2013), 39.
- ^ Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, 29.
- ^ Mahajan, V.D. (2016). "The Slave Dynasty". History of Medieval India. New Delhi: Sultan Chand. p. 104. ISBN 978-81-219-0364-6.
- ^ Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, 29.
External links
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