Armando Calderón Sol

Armando Calderón Sol
Armando Calderón Sol
	File:Armando Calderon Sol.jpg
President of El Salvador
	In office; June 1, 1994 – June 1, 1999
Preceded by	Alfredo Cristiani
Succeeded by	Francisco Flores Pérez
Personal details
Born	June 24, 1949 (age 75); San Salvador
Political party	ARENA
Spouse	Elizabeth Aguirre de Calderón
Profession	politician

Armando Calderón Sol (born June 24, 1949) was President of El Salvador from June 1, 1994 to June 1, 1999, representing the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA).

Armando Calderón Sol was born in San Salvador, on June 24, 1949.

Armando Calderón Sol attended the exclusive primary and secondary school Colegio Externado San José, graduating in 1966. In 1977, Calderón Sol received a graduate degree in Jurisprudence and Social Sciences from Universidad Nacional de El Salvador. He is a lawyer, a businessman, and one of the founders of ARENA (September 1981).

During his term as Mayor in San Salvador from 1988 to 1994 he built the Monument to "Hermano Lejano" at the end of the Comalapa Highway and Blvd. Los Proceres and also built the bust monuments along the Proceres Boulevard. He promoted physical exercise and initiated a bicycle circuit in the San Jacinto neighborhood on Avenida Cuba.

Later when he ran for president in 1994 he won the presidential office during the second elections against the Leftist candidate Dr. Ruben Zamora from the CD-FMLN coalition. Calderón Sol is acknowledged in the press for restoring the status-quo after the civil war, which ended on January 16, 1992. He advocated the privatization of state-owned telephone companies and pension funds to try to stimulate the economy and modernize the country's infrastructure. He is also known for having promoted reforms to make El Salvador competitive in the maquila industry, removing trade barriers across the board, including removal of protection of local agriculture. This had the unintended consequence of disrupting small scale farming, drive migration to larger cities (and abroad, especially the US) and create a cheaper labor supply for the maquilas. Calderón Sol is also credited with the integration of former guerrillas combatants back into civilian life. He is also known for having initiated the privatization of the telecommunications company Antel, as well as the electrical works CAESS (Compañía de Alumbrado Público de El Salvador), public hospitals and pension funds. He followed president Alfredo Cristiani's neoliberal approach, and his structural adjustment programs.

Political offices
Preceded by Alfredo Cristiani	President of El Salvador 1994–1999	Succeeded by Francisco Flores

External links

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v t e Heads of state of El Salvador
Post-independence (1821–1823)	Barriere Delgado Filísola Codallos Consultive Junta^‡ Prado^†
Federal Republic of Central America (1823–1841)	J. Rodríguez Prado J. V. Villacorta Prado Cornejo J. D. Villacorta Cornejo Morazán^† J. San Martín Prado J. San Martín C. Salazar^† G. Salazar^† Escolán^† Silva Espinoza F. Gómez Vigil T. Menéndez Vigil T. Menéndez Cañas^† Morazán Silva^† Cañas^† Ramírez^† Lindo^†
Republic of El Salvador (1841–1931)	Lindo^† Arce^† Marín^† J. J. Guzmán D. Villacorta^† Marín^† J. J. Guzmán Arce^† Palacios^† Malespín Palacios^† J. E. Guzmán Palacios^† Aguilar Palacios^† Aguilar Medina^† Quirós^† Vasconcelos R. Rodríguez^† Vasconcelos Dueñas^† Quirós^† Dueñas J. M. San Martín^† Dueñas V. Gómez^† J. M. San Martín J. Hernández^† J. M. San Martín Dueñas^† Campo Dueñas^† Campo Zepeda^† Santín Barrios^† Santín J. E. Guzmán^† Peralta^† Barrios Dueñas González Méndez^† González del Valle Zaldívar Guirola^† Zaldívar Figueroa^† Rosales^† F. Menéndez C. Ezeta A. Ezeta^† Gutiérrez Regalado Escalón Figueroa M. Araujo C. Meléndez^† Quiñónez^† C. Meléndez Quiñónez^† J. Meléndez Quiñónez P. Romero A. Araujo
Military presidents (1931–1979)	Civic Directory^‡ Hernández Martínez^† A. Menéndez^† Hernández Martínez A. Menéndez^† Aguirre^† Castaneda Revolutionary Council of Government^‡ Osorio Lemus Junta of Government^‡ Civic-Military Directory^‡ Cordón^† Rivera F. Sánchez A. Molina C. Romero
Salvadoran Civil War (1979–1992)	Revolutionary Government Junta^‡ Magaña Duarte Cristiani
Post-Civil War (since 1992)	Cristiani Calderón Flores Saca Funes S. Sánchez Bukele C. Rodríguez^†
^† – Acting or provisional president ^‡ – Military junta

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