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Askrigg

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Askrigg
Askrigg
Population563 (2011)[1]
OS grid referenceSD948910
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townLEYBURN
Postcode districtDL8 3
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire

Askrigg is a small village and civil parish in Wensleydale in the Yorkshire Dales National Park. It is part of the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England. The village and its parish are located in Upper Wensleydale, 12 miles west of Leyburn, and 5 miles east of Hawes. It is 26.4 miles (42.5 km) west of the County Town of Northallerton.

History

The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Ascric.[2] At the time of the Norman invasion the manor was held by Arnketil. Afterwards the lands were owned on behalf of the Crown by Count Alan of Brittany who granted then lordship of the manor to Gospatric, son of Arnketil. By 1251 the manor had come to the Fitz Hugh family who were also lords of Ravenworth and stayed with them until the 16th century. In the early 16th century the manor became the possession of Sir Thomas Parr. His son William died without issue in 1571 when it became the property of the Crown. In 1664 the manorial rights were leased from the Crown by Metcalfe family.[3][4]

The name Askrigg is of Old Norse origin, consisting of the combination of askr (ash tree) and hryggr (ridge), meaning the ridge where ash trees grew, denoting the existence of Viking settlers and their farming. The oldest settlement probably dates back to the Iron Age.[5][6]

The village remained of little commercial importance throughout the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries when Wensleydale was extensively used for sheep grazing by the Cistercian monks, who became prosperous on the profits of the wool trade. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, however, secular wealth became important in the dale following the border conflicts in the north and the Dissolution of the Monasteries throughout the country.[7]

Askrigg was granted a Charter by Elizabeth I in 1587 for the holding of a weekly market on Thursday, and of fairs in spring, summer and autumn. Askrigg's prosperity peaked in the eighteenth century when trade in textiles and knitting was most lucrative and the village supported many craftsmen and gained a reputation for clockmaking. The earliest mention of Askrigg clockmakers being a Quaker named John Ogden, who moved to Askrigg in 1680 and manufactured his clocks there until 1720. He was succeeded by Mark Metcalfe (1687–1776) and Christopher Caygill (1747–1803). Another well-known clockmaker was James Pratt (1787–1850). All three had sons who were also clockmakers. Two 19th-century clockmakers were John Stancliffe and John Skidmore.[8]

Askrigg was the home of the Wensleydale Metcalfe family who lived at nearby Nappa Hall. Mary, Queen of Scots, was once imprisoned in the house, possibly before she was moved to Castle Bolton further down the dale.

Askrigg has a market cross erected in 1830, a stone pump and an iron bull ring set into the cobbles. The bull ring dates from the 18th century and earlier, when bulls would be tied here and then attacked or baited with dogs. A local historian wrote that "it used to be a custom in Askrigg for a man who wanted to fight to go and turn the bull ring over; if another man was feeling the same, he came and turned it back and they had a fight."[7]

The Crown Inn, Askrigg

One of the local pubs, the Crown Inn, has been known under this name since the 1850s and there has been an inn at this site since the late 18th century. The other pub, the Kings Arms, was built in 1767 as a coaching inn by John Pratt, a local who had made a fortune as a jockey. Pratt was a racehorse breeder and master of the Askrigg Harriers during the 18th century. He kept his hunters and pack of hounds in a yard behind the house he built on Askrigg's main street in 1767. The kennels and stabling date to the late 18th or early 19th century. The kennels had a semi-circular enclosure attached and the long row of stabling lay beyond. Pratt's hunters were ridden in and out of his land through Robinson's Gateways on the main street. The site has now been developed to provide holiday accommodation.[7]

The village once had a railway station that was part of the Hawes Branch of the North Eastern Railway from its opening in 1878 to its closure in April 1954. The Wensleydale Railway Association has plans to rebuild the railway from Northallerton (from its current western terminus at Redmire) to Garsdale including the re-opening of the station in the village. This would be done in the period between 2010 – 2014.[9]

Governance

The village lies within the Richmond UK Parliament constituency. It is also within the Upper Dales electoral division of North Yorkshire County Council and the Addlebrough ward of Richmondshire District Council.[10] The local Parish Council has six councillors.[11]

The civil parish shares a grouped parish council with the civil parish of Low Abbotside, known as Askrigg & Low Abbotside Parish Council.[12]

Geography

The civil parish area covers the village itself and several small hamlets including Newbiggin and Woodhall.

The River Ure forms the southern boundary of the parish and is fed by Grange Beck, Paddock Beck and Newbiggin Beck in the parish. The highest point in the parish is at Cogill Head Hags at around 630 feet (190 m). The nearest settlements to the village are Bainbridge 1.1 miles (1.8 km) to the south-west and Thornton Rust 2 miles (3.2 km) to the south-east.

Demography

The census figures for Askrigg include the population of Low Abbotside. In 2012 the population of Askrigg parish alone was estimated at 450, compared with 110 in Low Abbotside.[1]

Population[13][14][15]
Year 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1951 1961 2001 2011
Total 624 552 462 470 481 488 414 370 510 563

2001 census

The 2001 UK census showed that the population was split 50% male to 50% female. The religious constituency was made of 83.3% Christian and the rest stating no religion or not stating at all. The ethnic make-up was 99.2% White British and 0.8% White other. There were 305 dwellings.[14]

2011 census

The 2011 UK census showed that the population was split 50% male to 50% female. The religious constituency was made of 69.4% Christian, 0.2% Jewish, 0.5% Buddhist and the rest stating no religion or not stating at all. The ethnic make-up was 97.3% White British, 1.0% White Other, 0.2% Mixed ethnic, 0.2% British Asian, 0.2% British Black and 0.2% Other Ethnic. There were 356 dwellings.[15]

Community and culture

Education in the village is provided at Askrigg VC Primary school. The school occupies part of the building formerly housing the Yorebridge Grammar School.[16] Pupils would receive secondary education at The Wensleydale School & Sixth Form in Leyburn.[17]

At the western end of the village is the Yorebridge Sports Development Association. It has a Multi Use Games Area that can be used for Football, Tennis, Basketball and Netball, and there is also a Gymnasium with a Fitness Centre.[18] At Low Mill there is an Outdoor Activities Centre established in 1976.[19] Askrigg has three pubs, a village bakery with delicatessen, two tea rooms, a village shop, and newsagents. There are also a number of Bed & Breakfast establishments.[20]

The village has become notable through its role as the fictional Darrowby in the BBC TV series All Creatures Great and Small. Cringley House, which doubled as the exterior of Skeldale House in the series, is now a bed and breakfast.[21]

  • Askrigg's Main Street, viewed from the graveyard of St. Oswald's Church in 2011.
    Askrigg's Main Street, viewed from the graveyard of St. Oswald's Church in 2011.
  • The Kings Arms Hotel doubled as the Drovers Arms in the television series All Creatures Great and Small[21]
    The Kings Arms Hotel doubled as the Drovers Arms in the television series All Creatures Great and Small[21]
  • The Wesleyan Chapel (now a private dwelling)
    The Wesleyan Chapel (now a private dwelling)
  • Ellerkin Scar
    Ellerkin Scar
  • St. Oswald's Church, looking west
    St. Oswald's Church, looking west
  • Nappa Hall
    Nappa Hall
  • Mill Gill Force
    Mill Gill Force

Religion

The local church is dedicated to St Oswald and was erected about 1466. There was a Wesleyan Methodist chapel here, erected in 1878 on the site of a former chapel. Subsequently known as Bottom Chapel, it was run as a bed and breakfast before becoming a private dwelling. The Primitive Methodists also built a chapel in the village in 1869 as part of the Middleham Circuit.[3][4]

Notable buildings and landmarks

  • St Oswalds Church is a Grade I listed building.[22] It is of stone construction in the Perpendicular style, consisting of chancel, nave, aisles, south porch and an embattled western tower with pinnacles containing a clock and six bells.[3][4]
  • Nappa Hall is a Grade I listed building.[23] Nappa Hall is a 15th-century fortified manor house. It was built in 1459 by James Metcalfe and his son Sir Thomas Metcalfe at a time when there were frequent raids by the Scots. A single-storey central hall sits between two towers, a four-storey western tower and a two-storey eastern tower. The four-storey tower has a turret, lit by slit vents, for a spiral staircase that climbs to crenellated parapets. The taller tower retains its original windows, but sash windows were inserted in the 18th century in the lower two-storey block which housed the kitchen and service rooms, at the opposite end of the hall. In the 17th century, an extra wing was added. The hall remained mainly in the hands of the Metcalfe family for nearly five and a half centuries until it was sold in 2008.[3][4][7]
  • Ring Cairn, Force Ing. West of Whitfield Gill is a ring cairn, which is a circle of stones that surround a depression on the ground and could signify a prehistoric burial site. This has been designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument.[24]
  • Ring Cairn near Church. About a quarter of a mile west of the Church in Askrigg is a Bronze Age ring cairn that today survives as an earthwork. This has been designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument.[25]
  • Mill Gill Force is a spectacular waterfall about three-quarters of a mile to the north-west, waters pouring down about 25 feet into a steep rocky ravine hidden in woodland. The waterfall can be reached by an easy 15 minutes walk from the village centre, the footpath is waymarked.

References

  1. ^ a b "Population Estimates". North Yorkshire County Council. 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  2. ^ Askrigg in the Domesday Book. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  3. ^ a b c d "History". Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  4. ^ a b c d Bulmer's Topography, History and Directory (Private and Commercial) of North Yorkshire 1890. S&N Publishing. 1890. p. 338. ISBN 1-86150-299-0.
  5. ^ Watts (2011). Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-names. Cambridge University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0521168557.
  6. ^ A.D. Mills (1998). Dictionary of English Place-Names. Oxford Paperbacks. p. 22. ISBN 978-0192800749.
  7. ^ a b c d Hartley, Marie; Ingilby, Joan (1953). Yorkshire Village. London: J. M. Dent & Sons. ISBN 978-0460044257. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "The Clockmakers of Askrigg-Wensleydale". The Dales. 25 February 2006. Archived from the original on 11 December 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "Five Year Strategic Plan 2010–2014" (PDF). Wensleydale Railway Association. Retrieved 25 March 2013.[permanent dead link]
  10. ^ Ordnance Survey Open Viewer
  11. ^ "Parish Council". Parish Connect. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  12. ^ "Parish and Town Councils". Richmondshire District Council. 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  13. ^ "Population at Censuses". Vision of Britain. 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  14. ^ a b "2001 UK Census". Office for National Statistics. 2002. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  15. ^ a b "2011 UK Census". Office for National Statistics. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  16. ^ "Primary School Info". Archived from the original on 11 February 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ "Secondary School Admissions – Northallerton Area". North Yorkshire County Council. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.[permanent dead link]
  18. ^ "Sports Centre". Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  19. ^ "Outdoor Activities". Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  20. ^ "Amenities". Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  21. ^ a b The Drovers Arms – The Kings Arms website Archived 2013-08-12 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ "Church Listing". English Heritage. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  23. ^ "Hall Listing". English Heritage. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  24. ^ "Ring Cairn". English Heritage. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  25. ^ "Ring Cairn". English Heritage. 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
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