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Aw Cheng Chye

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In this Chinese name, the family name is Aw (胡).
Yang Berhormat Dato'
Aw Cheng Chye
SPMJ BBM OStJ
Born1 January 1924
Rangoon, British Burma
Died22 August 1971(1971-08-22) (aged 48)
Santiago, Chile
Nationality
British subject(1923–1958)
Singapore[nb 1](1958–1971)
China[nb 2]
Occupations
  • Businessman
  • company director
  • philanthropist
Board member of
SpouseTay Chwee Sian (1949–1971)[1]
Parent
Aw Boon Par(father)
Daw Saw(biological mother)[2][3]
Tay Piah Lan(mother)[nb 3][3]
Teo Hong Yin(mother)[nb 3][4]
Relatives

Aw Cheng Chye S.P.M.J., B.B.M., O.St.J (1 January[5] 1924[6] – 22 August 1971) was a Singaporean millionaire, businessman, company director, philanthropist and son of businessman Aw Boon Par. Aw Cheng Chye himself was the chairman of Haw Par Brothers (Private) Limited and Haw Par Brothers International Limited until his sudden death on 22 August 1971 in Santiago de Chile.

Biography

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Early life

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Aw Cheng Chye was born in Rangoon, British Burma of Hakka Chinese descent.[7] At young age, Aw Cheng Chye inherited part of the wealth of his father, who died in 1944.

Business career

[edit]

Aw Cheng Chye became a deputy to his uncle Aw Boon Haw to manage family business in Singapore in the 1950s, which saw Aw Cheng Chye was a director of an [[insurance company Public Insurance (Chinese: 大衆保險) in 1951, while Aw Boon Haw was the chairman.[8][9][10] Aw Cheng Chye remained as a shareholder and a director at least until circa 1960s.[11] He also served as a director of the sister company Public Life Assurance (Chinese: 大眾人壽保險).[12] When the incorporation of Sin Poh Amalgamated (Hong Kong) in 1951, he also received 60 shares out of 1500, and Aw Cheng Chye's son Aw Toke Soon, 30 shares.[13] His brother Aw Cheng Taik was a director, along with Aw Boon Haw and his sons and daughter Aw Swan, Sally Aw and Aw It Haw, who resides in Hong Kong at that time.

After the death of Aw Boon Haw in 1954, Aw Cheng Chye became the chairman of Haw Par Brothers (Private) which owned the majority of family assets and business, (except Hong Kong newspapers). The shareholder of the holding company including his relatives, such as Sally Aw who inherited the Hong Kong newspapers and based in Hong Kong. According to Aw Boon Haw's will, Sally Aw was responsible for the sale of the assets under Boon Haw name, and requested (but not legally binding) her to use part or whole in charity.[14] The lawsuit of the heritage of Aw Boon Haw was settled in 1967, which Haw Par Brothers (Private) reclaimed assets based in Hong Kong which were mistaken to be the private heritage of Boon Haw. Sally Aw paid the company S$1.7 million as compensation.[15]

Aw Cheng Chye was also the mastermind of the offer to sell the Tiger Balm Garden (Hong Kong)|Haw Par Mansion]] and its gardens of Hong Kong in 1961.[16] The mansion was owned by the holding company,[16][17][18] but lived by Sally Aw until 1998.

Aw Cheng Chye took most of the assets of Haw Par Brothers (Private) public by incorporating a new holding company Haw Par Brothers International Limited in July 1969, but not including the Haw Par Mansions, only leasing them to the company; not all the stake of Chung Khiaw Bank was injected to the listed company either.[19] He also privatized Sin Poh (Star News) Amalgamated, a subsidiary of Haw Par Brothers International in June 1971.[20] Both companies were chaired by Aw Cheng Chye. In the same month Slater Walker acquired the controlling stake of the listed company. In the same month, 49.8% stake of Chung Khiaw Bank was sold by Haw Par Brothers International to United Overseas Bank,[21] just few days after the staff of the bank opposed the takeover of a foreign firm.[22] The president of the bank Lee Chee Shan, sister-in-law of Aw Cheng Chye, retired in July 1971.[23]

Shortly after the takeover of Haw Par Brothers International, Cheng Chye was found dead during a vacation trip in Santiago de Chile on 22 August 1971.[24] Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore also wrote a public pleading to Aw family.[24]

Upon his death, he chaired Haw Par Brothers International[25] and as a director of Chung Khiaw Bank.[23] He also served as a director of many companies[7] and in public organizations such as Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce.[26][27]

He was a director of Robinson & Co. in 1963,[28] and chairman of Rothmans Singapore in 1966[29] and Life Record Industries in 1969.[30] Under the chairmanship of Aw Cheng Chye, Rothmans donated S$100,000 to the Singapore Sports Council (Chinese: 新加坡全國體育協會).[29][31]

Public organization

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Aw Cheng Chye served in Singapore Anti-Tuberculosis Association (Chinese: 新加坡防癆協會), the predecessor of SATA CommHealth in 1967[32] as well as the vice-president of the Singapore Red Cross Society, only deputy to the wife of the prime minister, Kwa Geok Choo.[33] He made numerous donation to the hospitals,[34][35][36][37] the red cross[38][39] and St John Singapore.[40] He also donated S$1,000 to a blood donor society in 1960.[41]

He was nominated for a (honorary) position in St John Singapore in 1963.[42] He was one of the honorary chairmen in 1962.[43] He was a member of the council of St John Singapore in 1960,[44] and previously vice-chairman.[45] He was elected as an honorary chairman of Thong Chai Medical Institution in the 1960s.[46][47]

Aw Cheng Chye was also an active leader of the overseas Chinese. He was the vice-chairman of Singapore Nanyang Khek Community Guild[nb 4] in the 1960s.[50][51][52] He donated S$40,000 for the new building of the guild in 1969.[52] He also donated S$1,000 to "Persatuan Hakka Segamat" of nearby Johor state in 1967.[53] As a director of Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce, he was a member of the organizing committee of 1959 Singapore Constitution Exposition.[54] He donated S$1,500 to the chamber for a project to dig the remains of the citizens who was killed during Japanese occupation of Singapore in 1966.[55] In 1958, he donated $S6,000 (under the name of Eng Aun Tong) to a repairing work of a Chinese cemetery.[56]

In the 1960s, he also served as the president of Singapore Scout Association.[57][58] He was elected as the honorary chairman of Singapore Tourist Association (Chinese: 新加坡旅遊協會) in 1964[59] and as honorary member in 1969.[60]

In education, He was nominated by the government to the council of Nanyang University in 1970[61] until his death.[62] He was the vice-chairman of the raising fund committee of Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in 1970.[63] He also donated S$25,000 to build a school in September 1970[64] as well as S$1,000 for a charity basketball tournament for the establishment of Nanyang University in 1953[65] and a Chinese school $200, in 1965.[66]

In arts, he was a member of the trustee of Kreta Ayer People's Theatre in 1970.[67] He was an honorary president of the Photographic Society of Singapore,[68] and sponsored one of the award of 1698 Singapore International Photography Award.[69]

He also sponsored Singapore Buddhist Federation for S$2,000,[70] Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce for $60,000 for the construction cost of its new building,[71] as well as honorary chairman in the organizing committee of Christmas Charity 1966.[72] As a director of Haw Par Brothers (Pte.), he allowed a village to build a temple on a land that was owned by the company in 1947.[73] He donated S$3,000 to the victims of a fire accident in 1967,[74] S$2,000 for Singapore Association for the Blind in 1964.[75]

To sum up, he followed the footstep of his uncle Aw Boon Haw as a philanthropist, but also involved in the day-to-day operation of the organizations.

Sports

[edit]

Aw Cheng Chye was the president of the Singapore Chinese Football Club[nb 5] from 1954 to 1955.[77] He also served as the vice-chairman of Chinese: 馬華體育促進會; lit. 'Malaysian Chinese Sports Association' in 1957[78] and vice-president of Singapore Chinese Swimming Club (Chinese: 新加坡中華游泳會) in 1962.[79] He sponsored S$2,000 to Singapore Chinese Swimming Club in January 1964[80] as well as elected as an honorary president in May 1964.[81] In the 1960s, he was an honorary president of Basketball Association of Singapore.[82] [83][84][85][86]

Aw Cheng Chye was elected as the vice-president of Singapore National Olympic Council in 1954. He was the delegate for the Singapore Amateur Boxing Association of Singapore,[87] which he was the president.[88]

Upon his death, Aw Cheng Chye was an honorary chairman of Malaysian Chinese Football Association.[89]

Aw Cheng Chye was one of the many honorary chairmen of Singapore Chin Woo Athletic Association (Chinese: 新加坡精武體育會) in the 1950s[90] and 1960s,[91][92][93] as well as Singapore Pak Hock Pai Athletic Association (Chinese: 新加坡白鶴派體育會)[94][95] and Chinese: 崇正國術體育會.[96] These associations were related to Chinese martial arts.

His uncle was once famous for his charity, as well as infamously credited as "shameless promoter" [of his product and himself] by Asiaweek.[97] However, Aw Cheng Chye also known for numerous sponsorship in sports. For example, a golf tournament was named after him in 1967,[98] as well as "Aw Cheng Chye Shield" of Merdeka Weightlifting Tournament,[99] a Nanyang University Sepak takraw Tournament,[100] a boxing tournament,[101][102] a wrestling tournament[103] and a chess tournament.[104] A football tournament that was named after "Tiger Balm", was also sponsored by Aw Cheng Chye in 1958.[105] The football cup was also known as Aw Cheng Chye Cup in 1960.[106]

Aw Cheng Chye was one of the sponsor of Cuesports Singapore (Chinese: 新加坡檯球協會, later 新加坡台球總會) for many years[107][108][109] as well as Singapore Table Tennis Association[110] and a predecessor of Singapore Weightlifting Federation (Chinese: 新加坡業餘舉重與健身總會);[111] he was an honorary chairman in 1963.[112]

He also sponsored S$3,000 to The Festival of Sport fund,[113] S$3,000 to Singapore team for 1965 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games,[114] S$500 for 1969 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games,[115] a car for a fund raising event for 1970 British Commonwealth Games and 1970 Asian Games,[116] as well as S$1,000 to a minor swimming club,[117] and S$500 to Singapore women's national football team.[118]

Legacy

[edit]

Sin Chew Jit Poh Building in Singapore was known as Aw Cheng Chye Building. It was a property of Haw Par Brothers (Private) in the 1970s.[119] A scholarship was set up in the University of Singapore in 1972 by Haw Par Brothers International for S$20,000 each year (initially up to 7 years).[120][121]

Aw Kow (Chinese: 胡蛟), the eldest (adopted) son of the late Aw Boon Haw, sued Haw Par Brothers (Private) Limited in 1972 for blocking him to read its accounts and financial statements, claiming under the late Aw Cheng Chye, the company allowed personal spending of Aw Cheng Chye, was invoiced by the company itself.[122] The lawsuit was settled in 1977 in favoured Aw Kow.[123]

In the autobiography Escape from Paradise by John & May Chu Harding, they also claimed that Aw Cheng Chye's decision to make Haw Par Brothers International public, was against the wish of the part of the Aw family.[2]: 42  May Chu Harding, née Lee, was the great-granddaughter of Aw Boon Par, or granddaughter of Lee Chee Shan and Aw Cheng Hu.[2]: 18  Lee Chee Shan (Chinese: 李志成) was the president of Chung Khiaw Bank,[7] but retired in July 1971.[23]

The business empire of Haw Par Brothers International and Aw family was completely dismantled after the takeover and the death of Aw Cheng Chye in 1971. After the brother-in-law and sister of Aw Cheng Chye resigned as the directors of Thai subsidiary of Haw Par Brothers International, the Thai subsidiary, which was responsible to make "Tiger Balm" liniment in Thailand, was sold in 1972. A proposal to acquire the remaining shares of Chung Khiaw Bank by United Overseas Bank, was announced in the same year. At that time due to the ability of director from the related parties being able to vote in such deal, a minority shareholder made a public statement on the newspaper, requesting the government to investigate.[124]

Awards

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Honorary titles

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Personal life

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Aw Cheng Chye married to Tay Chwee Sian (Chinese: 鄭水仙)[7] also known as Datin Aw Cheng Chye. Aw Toke Soon (Chinese: 胡督信), Toke Ghee (Chinese: 胡督义) and Toke Ho are their son, as well daughter Aw Ai Sim.[7][131]

After Sin Poh (Star News) Amalgamated selling the publishing rights of Sin Chew Jit Poh (Singapore) in 1975 to the company of the same name, Tay Chwee Sian and Aw Toke Soon retained management shares of the company until 1978. They gave up the management shares (converted to ordinary shares) as well as the chance to be elected as the directors of Sin Chew Jit Poh (Singapore) Limited in 1978.[132][133][134]

His daughter, Aw Ai Sim, is a veterinarian.[135]

Aw Cheng Chye's mother, Daw Saw, widow of Aw Boon Par, died in 1983.[136]

Like his late father, Aw Cheng Chye was a Buddhist and a Buddhist funeral was conducted for him. He was also one of the honorary director of Singapore Buddhist Lodge in the 1960s.[137][138]

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Singapore Citizenship Ordinance is passed in 1957, State of Singapore Act a year after, both defined the citizenship of Singapore (within British subject), and the self-rule of Singapore as a state within the commonwealth; Malaysian during Singapore as a member of the Federation of Malaysia, 1963–1965
  2. ^ by the birth of a Chinese citizen. No source indicated that he activated the citizenship of Republic of China, People's Republic of China or Republic of China (Taiwan).
  3. ^ a b At the time Chinese culture allowed multiple wives, Tay Piah Lan was the first and Daw Saw was the second
  4. ^ simplified Chinese: 南洋客属总会; traditional Chinese: 南洋客屬總會 abb. 南洋客總, also translated as Nanyang Hwu Clan General Association,[48] but The Nanyang Khek Community Guild was the official name.[49]
  5. ^ Chinese: 新加坡华人足球会, also known as The Singapore Chinese Football Association,[76] which was a sub-association of Singapore Amateur Football Association and Malaysian Chinese Football Association (M.C.F.A.).

References

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  1. ^ "Registry Wedding For Colony Millionaire". The Straits Times. Singapore. 23 September 1949. Retrieved 11 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  2. ^ a b c Harding, John; Lee, May Chu (2001). Escape from Paradise: From Third World to First. Phoenix: IDKPress. ISBN 0-9710929-0-7.
  3. ^ a b Suryadinata, Leo (2012). Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 497. ISBN 9789814345217. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
  4. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2017-10-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. ^ "胡清才家屬撥欵四千元分別捐贈四間慈善團體". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 1 January 1972. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  6. ^ 傳記文學雜誌 第五十五卷 (in Chinese).
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  13. ^ 1952 Annual Return of Sin Poh Amalgamated (H.K.) Limited. Hong Kong Company Registries. 30 December 1952.
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  30. ^ "錄音造模製片分色印刷裝套齊備我國第一間完整生產唱片製造廠麗風唱片工業（私人）有限公司明日敦請社會事務部長奧斯曼渥主持開幕設備與人才均屬第一流堪與世界水準媲美". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 25 December 1969. Retrieved 11 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  34. ^ "中醫師公會 昨開第八次理事會議 第一分院籌辦繼續展開 决出版星馬中醫藥學報". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 28 December 1960. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  57. ^ "遠東兩大童軍會議 昨日宣告圓滿閉幕 各國代表一致通過廿餘宗議案 代副總理拉惹勒南致獻辭讚揚 童子軍訓練青年服務社會精神". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 5 December 1964. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  58. ^ "Scouts' president". The Straits Times. Singapore. 2 July 1966. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  59. ^ "Dato Aw is president". The Straits Times. Singapore. 13 July 1964. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  60. ^ "新加坡旅遊協會開常年會員大會選出多位幹才担任執委". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 21 July 1969. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  61. ^ "南洋大學定今日舉行第四屆常年會員大會補選兩位大學理事會理事同日下午將舉行理事會成立會議". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 18 February 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  62. ^ "南大第五屆理事會今日擧行成立會議選主席並委任執行委員". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 23 December 1971. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  63. ^ "財政部長吳慶瑞籲工商界人士支持東南亞研究院慷慨捐助龐大基金俾能順利進行研究東南亞情况". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 28 June 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  64. ^ "籌募初級學院基金 達二百四十二萬元 籌委會主席孫炳炎籲請 熱心人士社團續予支持". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 22 September 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  65. ^ "贊助南大籃球埠際賽 募得三萬二千餘元 已全部交與南洋大學 收支結算詳細刋佈". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 15 September 1953. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  66. ^ "華校敎總理事長强調 敎師所負責任重大 困苦必須自謀解決 遊藝晚會昨日開始舉行 所籌福利金已近四萬元". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 11 June 1965. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  67. ^ "牛車水人民劇塲募基金 下月三日假座麗宮戯院 義映彩色文藝鉅片海燕 入塲券本月十二起發售". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 11 May 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  68. ^ "新加坡攝影學會選出本年度職員". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 30 March 1967. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  69. ^ "新加坡攝影學會主辦 第十九屆國際沙龍暨 第六屆攝影器材展覽 今日隆重開幕 敦請代總統古瑪拉三美主持剪綵儀式 地點假座維多利亞紀念堂". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 3 May 1968. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  70. ^ "新加坡佛教總會進行購置新會所募集基金已達十五萬元". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 11 January 1965. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  71. ^ "瞻仰捐建商會大廈熱心人士肖像後感". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 8 October 1964. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  72. ^ "星屋地發展公會贈送現款四千元給聖誕慈善基金". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 31 December 1966. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  73. ^ "神庙庙地业权讼案进入第十一日被告律师说基法律证据原告要求业权不能成立起诉人律师说两证人证供不足置信". Nanyang Siang Pau Singapore (in Chinese). Nanyang Press Singapore (1975) Limited. 25 October 1977. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  75. ^ "盲人福利會新加坡攤遊藝大會 義款贈品如潮湧到 屆時增派巴士直達會場 已銷售義券超過八萬元". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 4 April 1964. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  85. ^ "星籃總改選果如本報所報導 勞長易潤堂膺選正會長 吳再興任永久名譽會長 莊卓岩蔡普中蟬聯副會長職 李異南盧仲箎獲選正副秘書". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 30 January 1967. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  86. ^ "星籃總昨召開常年會員大會改選 今年度理事會 正副會長秘書暨大部理事均蟬聯 籌建會所列為首要工作". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 16 February 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  88. ^ "本市業餘拳擊協會 派少年拳擊隊赴西澳 一行十八名今日乘輪出發 昨茶會市長勗各拳師母負所託". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 31 December 1953. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  99. ^ "默迪卡舉重賽獎品發生問題新中國因未受邀請拒絕繳還胡清才盾". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 8 August 1957. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  100. ^ "南大拿督胡淸才盃籐球公開賽已結束". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 21 December 1966. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  101. ^ "拳擊錦標賽今晚開幕". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 29 August 1955. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  102. ^ "Youth boxers arrive today". The Straits Times. Singapore. 15 February 1954. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  103. ^ "今晚快樂世界摔角義賽 金剛表示要力戰杜立 兩巨人昨在茶會上彼此互相傾慕 門票分：五元、三元二元另一元票一千張". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 25 October 1958. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  104. ^ "胡清才杯國際棋賽今起競逐". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 29 November 1973. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  105. ^ "爲聖約翰救傷隊募基金 足球義賽星華勝陸軍 四比三奪得胡清才所贈萬金油盃 上半塲陸軍高佔上風下半塲星華反敗爲勝". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 23 October 1958. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  106. ^ "資助聖約翰救傷隊足球義賽 星華四比二擊敗陸軍 戰情雖激烈但雙方踢來斯文精彩 星華鋒衛俱夠水準個人演出陸軍左翼最佳". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 9 October 1960. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  107. ^ "檯球協會選出新職員". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 30 January 1959. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  108. ^ "星台球總會改選黄國良出任會長". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 10 February 1666. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  110. ^ "星乒乓總會新職員名單". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 29 July 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  112. ^ "八月舉辦大馬舉重大賽 星舉重總會首響應 對緬甸六國賽事現尚未接獲請東 舉重總會已向日本購置一副新道具". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 15 January 1963. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  113. ^ "Half way mark". The Straits Times. Singapore. 27 June 1965. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  114. ^ "星奧會籌募經費小組將由推售汽車招貼籌三萬元另舉行一塲電影義映俾籌足出席半運經費". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 17 November 1965. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  115. ^ "星奧會聚餐籌欵出席半運側寫". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 2 July 1969. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  116. ^ "星奥會籌募經費舉行幸運抽獎 目標廿五萬元 藉派遣選手參加英聯運及亞運 首五獎將全部為汽車". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 19 February 1970. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  117. ^ "海天游藝會新會所落成不日舉行隆重開幕典禮". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 14 April 1959. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  118. ^ "社會部長夫人 昨接見國家女子足球隊 勉勵全體球員全力以赴". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 7 April 1966. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  119. ^ "负责胡清才大廈建筑时收取五千元佣金 虎豹兄弟公司前秘书贪污罪成立被罚七千元". Sin Chew Jit Poh (Singapore). 2 February 1982. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  120. ^ "虎豹兄弟國際有限公司爲紀念已故胡清才設醫學研究奬學金每年捐二萬元爲期七年". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 23 August 1972. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  121. ^ "$20,000 Haw Par gift for varsity". The Straits Times. Singapore. 22 August 1974. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  122. ^ "胡蛟向高等法院請求發出命令禁止虎豹私人公司阻礙檢查賬目紀錄原告律師指故胡清才在任期問濫用職權利用公款充私人用途". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 12 September 1972. Retrieved 9 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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  126. ^ "聖約翰救傷隊總部訂期舉行授勳典禮十一人蒙英女皇頒賜勳章本月廿七日將由國家元首親臨頒發". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 15 September 1959. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  127. ^ "NewspaperSG – Terms and Conditions" 柔佛州臣民昨熱烈慶祝 蘇丹殿下六九華誕 新山舉行盛大閱兵禮水上運動會 六十四位有功臣民受封各級勳銜 胡淸才封拿督湯振波陳錦泉膺SMJ. Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). 29 October 1963. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  128. ^ "AW CHENG CHYE IS THE ONLY NEW DATO". The Straits Times. Singapore. 29 October 1963. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  129. ^ "柔佛蘇丹今日慶祝華誕封賜一六七人姚庭珊劉金鐘受封太平局紳新山巨刧案殉職警員獲追封". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 28 October 1968. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
  130. ^ "二二七名對本州服務有功人士榮獲元首敦尤素夫頒發各級榮譽獎章元首夫人獲卓越服務獎". Nanyang Siang Pau (in Chinese). Singapore. 15 November 1964. Retrieved 10 October 2017 – via Singapore National Library.
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