Bedding: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 03:35, 7 May 2013
Bedding, also known as bedclothes,[1] refers to the materials laid above the mattress of a bed for hygiene, warmth, to protect the mattress, and for decorative effect. Bedding is the removable and washable portion of a human sleeping environment. Multiple sets of bedding for each bed will often be washed in rotation and/or changed seasonally to improve sleep comfort at varying room temperatures. In American English bedding generally does not include the mattress, box spring or bed frame,[2] while in British English it does.[3]
A set of bedding usually consists of (see #Terminology for more info on all these terms) a flat or fitted sheet which covers the mattress; a flat top sheet; either a blanket, quilt, or duvet, sometimes with a duvet cover which can replace or be used in addition to the top sheet; and a number of pillows with pillowcases, also referred to as pillow shams. Additional blankets, etc. may be added to ensure the necessary insulation in cold sleeping areas. A common practice for children and some adults is to decorate a bed with plush stuffed animals, dolls, and other soft toys. These are not included under the designation of bedding, although they may provide additional warmth to the sleeper.
Bedding materials
Lightweight white, solid-color or printed plain weave, satin weave, or flannel cotton or cotton/polyester blends are the most common types of sheeting. Goose or duck down and other feathers are frequently used as a warm and lightweight filling in duvets and quilts. But such fill can protrude in part even from tightly-woven fabric, and be an irritant for many people particularly those with allergies. Natural and synthetic down alternatives are marketed. Cotton, wool or polyester batting is commonly used as fill. These are less expensive and more easily laundered than natural down or feathers. Synthetic fibers are best in the form of thermofused (where fibers cross) batting. Thick-woven or knitted wool, cotton, acrylic or other microfiber synthetics, or blends of these, are typically used for blankets.
Bedding sizes
Bedding sizes are made with consideration of the dimensions of the bed and mattress for which it is to be used. Bed sizes vary around the world, with countries having their own standards and terminology.
Mattress sizes can be categorized by their country of sale:
UK
| Bed measurements | Fitted sheet | Flat sheet | Duvet cover |
|---|---|---|---|
| UK Single 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in) |
90 x 190 x 20 cm | 180 x 260 cm | 135 x 200 cm |
| Euro Single IKEA size 90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in) |
90 x 200 x 20 cm | 180 x 260 cm | 150 x 200 cm |
| UK Double 135 cm × 190 cm (53 in × 75 in) |
135 x 190 x 20 cm | 220 x 260 cm | 200 x 200 cm |
| Euro Double IKEA size 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in) |
140 x 200 x 20 cm | 220 x 260 cm | 200 x 200 cm |
| UK King Size 150 cm × 200 cm (59 in × 79 in) |
150 x 200 x 20 cm | 265 x 275 cm | 225 x 220 cm |
| Euro King IKEA size 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in) |
160 x 200 x 20 cm | 265 x 275 cm | 240 x 220 cm |
| UK Super King Size 183 cm × 200 cm (72 in × 79 in) |
183 x 200 x 20 cm | 280 x 290 cm | 260 x 220 cm |
European
| Bed measurements | Fitted sheet | Flat sheet | Duvet cover |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in) |
90 x 190 x 20 cm | 180 x 260 cm | 150 x 200 cm |
| Double 140 cm × 190 cm (55 in × 75 in) |
140 x 190 x 20 cm | 220 x 260 cm | 200 x 200 cm |
| King 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in) |
160 x 200 x 20 cm | 265 x 275 cm | 240 x 220 cm |
| Super King 200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in) |
200 x 200 x 20 cm | 280 x 290 cm | 260 x 220 cm |
In Spain, standard mattress widths are 90 cm (35"), 105 cm (41"), 135 cm (53"), 150 cm (59"), 180 cm (71") and standard lengths 190 cm (75") and 200 cm (79"). Sizes are not named but are referred to by their dimensions in cm.
North American
The conversions to metric are rounded to the nearest whole centimeter.
| Bed measurements | Fitted sheet | Flat sheet | Duvet/quilt cover | Comforters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Twin 37.5 in × 74.5 in (95 cm × 189 cm) |
39” x 76” x 8” (99 x 193 x 20 cm) |
72” x 102” (182 x 259 cm) |
59” x 79” (150 x 201 cm) |
80” x 106” (203 x 269 cm) |
| Full/Double 54 in × 75 in (137 cm × 191 cm) |
54” x 76” x 8” (137 x 193 x 20 cm) |
87” x 102” (221 x 259 cm) |
79” x 79” (201 x 201 cm) |
100” x 106” (254 x 269 cm) |
| Queen 60 in × 80 in (152 cm × 203 cm) |
60” x 80” x 8” (152 x 203 x 20 cm) |
105” x 110” (267 x 279 cm) |
88” x 86” (224 x 218 cm) |
106” x 106” (269 x 269 cm) |
| King 76 in × 80 in (193 cm × 203 cm) |
76” x 80” x 8” (193 x 203 x 20 cm) |
110” x 114” (279 x 290 cm) |
102” x 86” (259 x 218 cm) |
112” x 106” (284 x 269 cm) |
| California King 72 in × 84 in (183 cm × 213 cm) |
73” x 85” x 8” (185 x 216 x 20 cm) |
110” x 114” (279 x 290 cm) |
102” x 86” (259 x 218 cm) |
114” x 106” (290 x 269 cm) |
Australian
| Bed Measurements[4] | Fitted sheet | Flat sheet | Duvet cover |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single 91 x 191 cm 36 x 75 in |
91 x 193 + 40 cm 36 x 76 +16 in |
180 x 254 cm 71 x 100 in |
140 x 210 cm 55 x 83 in |
| King Single 106 cm x 203 cm 41 x 80 in |
107 x 203 + 40 cm 42 x 80 + 16 in |
200 x 270 cm 79 x 106 in |
180 x 210 cm 71 x 83 in |
| Double 137 x 191 cm 54 in × 75 in |
137 x 193 + 40 cm 54 x 76 + 16 in |
228 x 254 cm 90 x 100 in |
180 x 210 cm 71 x 83 in |
| Queen 152 x 203 cm 60 x 80 in |
152 x 203 + 40 cm 60 x 80 + 16 in |
245 x 274 cm 97 x 108 in |
210 x 210 cm 83 x 83 in |
| King 183 x 203 cm 72 x 80 in |
182 x 203 + 40 cm 72 x 80 + 16 in |
260 x 274 cm 102 x 108 in |
245 x 210 cm 95 x 83 in |
Japanese
| Bed measurements | Box sheet | Flat sheet | Duvet cover |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single 97 cm × 195 cm (38 in × 77 in) |
100 x 200 x 30 cm | 150 x 250 cm | 150 x 210 cm |
| Semi-Double 122 cm × 195 cm (48 in × 77 in) |
120 x 200 x 30 cm | 170 x 250 cm | 165x 200 cm |
| Double 140 cm × 195 cm (55 in × 77 in) |
140 x 200 x 30 cm | 180 x 260 cm | 190 x 210 cm |
| Wide Double 152 cm × 195 cm (60 in × 77 in) |
155 x 200 x 25 cm | x cm | x cm |
| Queen 170 cm × 195 cm (67 in × 77 in) |
180 x 200 x 30 cm | 220 x 250 cm | 210x 210 cm |
| King 194 cm × 195 cm (76 in × 77 in) |
200 x 200 x 30 cm | 225 x 275 cm | 230 x 210 cm |
| King Long 194 cm × 205 cm (76 in × 81 in) |
x x cm | 260 x 280 cm | x cm |
History
 |
Around 3400 BC Egyptian pharaohs had their beds moved off the ground and slept on a raised surface.
Roman Empire mattresses were stuffed with wool, feather, reeds or hay. The beds were decorated with paint, bronze, silver, jewels and gold.
During the Renaissance, mattresses were stuffed with straw and feathers and then covered with silks, velvets or satin material.
The arrival of the 18th century brought bed frames made from cast iron, and mattresses that were made of cotton. The 19th century saw the invention of the bed spring, also called the box spring.
The 20th century brought the inner spring mattress, futon, water bed (starting in the 1960s), air mattresses, foam rubber mattresses and pillows.
Terminology
- Bed skirt (also bed ruffle, dust ruffle or valance): A decorative piece used to cover the boxspring and legs of the bed. It fits between the mattress and boxspring and hangs to or almost to the floor.
- Bed spread: A bed cover with sides that go to or near the floor. This does not require a bed skirt, and was particularly popular in North America after World War II.
- Bolster: A long, narrow and commonly cylindrical pillow filled with down or feathers.
- Boudoir pillows (or breakfast pillows): Small rectangular decorative throw pillows.
- Comforter: A bed cover also usable like a blanket, that is quilted by batting and is not exceptionally fluffy. It is usually reversible and machine-washable. Comforters typically are paired with a bed skirt to form a complete ensemble, as the comforter's sides only go about halfway to the floor. (Also see "duvet").
- Drop: The vertical dimension of a bed skirt.
- Duvet: A soft flat bag traditionally filled with down or feathers, or a combination of both, and used on a bed as a blanket. Typically not as thin as a comforter, but may be called a "down comforter."
- Duvet cover: A decorative and protective covering for a duvet. Most duvet covers have a button or tie closure at one end.
- European sham (or Euro sham): a decorative pillow covering which fits a large 26” x 26” pillow. These are often placed behind the standard size pillow shams as a backdrop, or on top of standard pillows as a coordinated set with a duvet cover.
- Feather bed: feathers contained within a fabric shell which lays on top of a mattress as a mattress topper. The featherbed will normally have elastic straps or even have a fitted sheet on it so that it fits over a mattress and stays in place.[5]
- Fitted sheet: This is the bottom sheet used to fit tightly over a mattress. Fitted sheets are available in a variety of pocket depths, which refers to the thickness of the mattress. Standard North American pocket size is 7” to 9”. Deep pocket corners are usually 10” to 13”. Extra deep pocket corners are very generous in size, and range from 14” to as much as 22” and used for the extraordinary high/deep mattress depth.[6]
- Flanged: Including a decorative band of fabric that is straight or tailored; often used to describe pillows or pillow shams.
- Hotel bedding: sheets with a high-thread count and unadorned designs, marketed to replicate the bedding materials that hotels use. The expansion of business travel has created a consumer demand for such products.
- Mako cotton: A high grade of cotton, the long staple or long fibre of Egyptian-grown cotton has more continuous fibres to use when creating threads or yarns. The yarn is smaller in diameter yet stronger than other cottons. Smaller yarn means that more threads per square inch can be used to create stronger fabrics which are lighter in weight yet breathe well. Mako cotton is frequently used to make upscale sheets and towels, which are marketed as a luxury product.[7]
- Mattress protector: Also known as a matress pad, mattress topper, or underpad. This is typically used underneath a fitted sheet to add comfort, protect against alergies, and protect the mattress.
- Neckroll: Small cylindrical decorative throw pillows.
- Pillow shams: Decorative coverings for pillows, often designed with trims, ruffles, flanges, or cording. Shams are normally placed behind the pillows used to sleep on, which would be covered with regular pillowcases.
- Pima cotton: A high grade of cotton. It has the long staple similar to Mako cotton, which is what gives it its softness and luster, as well as its durability. Its superior characteristics improve with wear. Pima cotton is used to make upscale sheets, towels and clothing, which are marketed as a luxury product. Peru produces the most of the world's Pima cotton.[8]
- Pleated: Material that is sewn in folds, like a fan.
- Tailored: Fitted closely, i.e. made to fit the bed exactly.
- Thread count: The number of threads per square inch or per 10cm square in a woven fabric.
See also
References
- ^ "Bedding - Definition". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
- ^ "Bedclothes - Definition". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary: "A collective term for the articles which compose a bed, esp. the mattress, feather-bed, or other article lain upon, and the bed-clothes."
- ^ Australian Bedding Sizes
- ^ Common Linen Terms
- ^ Common Linen Terms
- ^ http://www.betten-schweitzer.com/english/Qualitaet.asp
- ^ http://www.peruvianconnection.com/category/about+pc/fiber+-+product+info/peruvian+pima+cotton.do