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Beijing–Baotou railway

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The Beijing–Baotou Railway or Jingbao Railway (simplified Chinese: 京包铁路; traditional Chinese: 京包鐵路; pinyin: Jīngbāo Tiělù) is an 833 km railway from Beijing to Baotou, Inner Mongolia in China. It is a very important route in Northeast China.

The first section of this railway, the Imperial Peking–Kalgan Railway (now the "Jingzhang" Railway) was constructed between 1905 and 1909, connecting Beijing with Zhangjiakou (Kalgan). This section was the first railway designed and built by Chinese. The chief engineer is Jeme Tien Yow. He overcame the steep gradient near Badaling using a switchback. Due to his achievement in constructing this railway, Zhan (Jeme) is called the father of China's railways.

The railway was extended from Zhangjiakou to Hohhot by 1921 and to Baotou by 1923.

Even with the switchback, the gradient near Qinglongqiao railway station is still at 3.3%. In addition, travelling through the switchback is slow. A bypass route, Fengsha Railway, was built in the 1950s between Fengtai and Shacheng along the Yongding river. This route was dropped by Zhan due to high construction cost. Before the 1990s, the Fengsha railway was mainly used to transport cargos, and the original Jingzhang railway was focused on the passenger transportation. Now, most of the trains coming from Baotou have changed to use Fengsha railway instead. The Qinglongqiao railway station, where the switchback is located, is the station serving the Great Wall near Badaling.

Both Jingbao railway and Fengsha railway are double track railways.

Stations and mileage

An express train travels the full distance in approximately 14 hours.

Major Station Mileage (km)
Beijing (北京) 0
Shacheng (沙城) 121
Xuanhua (宣化) 171
Zhangjiakou South (张家口南) 196
Datong (大同) 374
Jining south (集宁南) 501
Hohhot (呼和浩特) 659
Baotou (包头) 824
  • The Qinglongqiao Station in 1908
    The Qinglongqiao Station in 1908
  • Bridge over the Yongding River in 1952
    Bridge over the Yongding River in 1952
  • A steam locomotive and a diesel locomotive on the Jingbao Railway near the Badaling Great Wall in Beijing in 1979.
    A steam locomotive and a diesel locomotive on the Jingbao Railway near the Badaling Great Wall in Beijing in 1979.
  • A "Harmony" train at Badaling in 2012.
    A "Harmony" train at Badaling in 2012.

See also

References

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