Bengali Christians
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 1,065,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Bangladesh | 550,000[1] |
 India | 515,000 (West Bengal)[2] |
| Languages | |
| Bengali | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Bengali Muslims, Bengali Hindus, Bengali Buddhists | |
Bengali Christians. also known as Firingis,[3] are adherents of Christianity among the Bengali people. They speak the Bengali language and are native to Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. The majority of Bengali Christians are Roman Catholics.
Christianity took root in Bengal after the arrival of Portuguese voyagers in the 16th century. It witnessed further conversions among the Bengali elite during the 19th century Bengali renaissance.
Bengali Christians have made significant contributions to Bengali culture, commerce and society. The region is home to venerable Christian missionary institutions, including the Missionaries of Charity founded by Mother Teresa.
History
Christianity was established in Bengal by the Portuguese in the 16th century. The Portuguese settlement in Chittagong hosted the first Vicar Apostolic in Bengal.[4] Jesuit missionaries also established churches in Bandel and Dhaka. In 1682, there were 14,120 Roman Catholics in Bengal.[5] William Carey translated the Bible into Bengali in 1809. Many upper-class Bengalis in the British Indian capital Calcutta converted to Christianity during the Indian Renaissance.
The Missionaries of Charity was founded by the Ottoman-born nun Mother Teresa in Calcutta in 1950. It played a major role in supporting and sheltering refugees during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971.
Denominations
The Roman Catholic Church in West Bengal is based in the Archdiocese of Calcutta. The Catholic Church in Bangladesh is based in the Archdiocese of Dhaka, with dioceses in Chittagong, Dinajpur, Khulna, Mymensingh, Sylhet and Rajshahi.[6]
St. Paul's Cathedral, Kolkata is the seat of the Anglican Diocese of Calcutta (1813) of the Church of North India (CNI).
Other denominations include:[7]
- Armenian Apostolic Church
- Bengal Orissa Bihar Baptist Convention
- Brethren in Christ Church
- Church of God (Anderson)
- El Shaddai
- New Life Fellowship Association
- United Missionary Church of India
Demographics
Bengali Christians are considered a model minority in South Asia and usually enjoy a high literacy rate, low male-female sex ratio and a better socio-economic status.[8] Christian missionaries operate many schools, hospitals and shelters for the poor. They receive support from the Indian and Bangladeshi governments.
Kolkata, Dhaka. and Chittagong have significant Christian populations.
Culture
Lusophone heritage
Many Catholic Bengali Christians have Portuguese surnames. In a tradition similar to Bengali Muslims (who have Arabic and Persian names), Bengali Christians adopted Portuguese surnames due the early influence of Portuguese missionaries in spreading Christianity.
Common Catholic Bengali Christian surnames include Gomes, Rozario, D'Costa, Gonsalvez, Cruze, Daes, D’Silva and D’Souza among others.[9]
Christmas is known as “Borodin” (Big Day) and is a public holiday in both Bangladesh and Indian West Bengal.
Notable Bengali Christians
Religious Leaders
- Poulinous Costa, Archbishop
- Michael Rosario, Archbishop
The Arts
- Michael Madhusudan Dutt, 19th century poet and playwright
- Arundhati Roy, Man Booker Prize-winning author
- Toru Dutt, poet
- Indu Chatterjee, classical dancer
- Samar Das, musician
- Andrew Kishore, playback singer
- Kumar Bishshojit, singer
- Jewel Aich, magician and bansuri player
- Robin Ghosh, playback singer and film music composer
- Tony Dias, Bangladeshi television actor and director
- Piya Dias, actor and model
Industry
- Samson Chowdhury, founder of Square Pharmaceuticals
- Topon Chowdhury
- Prannoy Roy, founder of NDTV
Scholars
- Chandramukhi Basu, first female graduate of British India
- Ashis Nandy, renowned Indian sociologist
- Kaberi Gain, Bangladeshi women's rights scholar and activist
- Anil Kumar Gain, Cambridge mathematician
Public service
- Hubert Costa, Bangladeshi-Polish Member of Parliament
- Major General John Gomez
See also
References
- ^ uchesi, Brigitte (1999), "Bangladesh", in Fahlbusch, Erwin, Encyclopedia of Christianity 1, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, pp. 182–183, ISBN 0802824137
- ^ http://ncm.nic.in/minority_population.pdf
- ^ http://www.dhakatribune.com/feature/2014/jan/25/voc%C3%AA-fala-bangla
- ^ http://www.ctgdiocese.com/chronicle-snippets/
- ^ Luchesi, Brigitte (1999), "Bangladesh", in Fahlbusch, Erwin, Encyclopedia of Christianity 1, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, pp. 182–183, ISBN 0802824137
- ^ World Christian Encyclopedia , Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 368-371
- ^ World Christian Encyclopedia , Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 368-371
- ^ http://www.medindia.net/news/indiaspecial/Indian-Christians-Treat-Their-Women-Better-Sex-Ratio-Highest-31076-1.htm
- ^ http://www.dhakatribune.com/feature/2014/jan/25/voc%25C3%25AA-fala-bangla