Clinantheae

Clinantheae
Clinanthus fulvus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily:	Amaryllidoideae
Tribe:	Clinantheae Meerow
Type genus
Clinanthus Herb.
Genera
see text

Clinantheae is a tribe (in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae), where it forms part of the Andean clade, one of two American clades. The tribe was described in 2000 by Alan Meerow et al. as a result of a molecular phylogenetic study of the American Amaryllidoideae. This demonstrated that the Stenomesseae tribe, including the type genus Stenomesson was polyphyletic. Part of the tribe segregated with the Eucharideae and were submerged into it, while the other part formed a unique subclade. Since the type species of Stenomesson was not part of the second sublclade it was necessary to form a new name for the remaining species together with the other genera that remained. This was Clinanthus, the oldest name for these species, and consequently the tribe Clinantheae.

Taxonomy

Phylogeny

The placement of Clinantheae within subfamily Amaryllidoideae is shown in the following cladogram, where this tribe is shown as a sister group to the Hymenocallideae.

Cladogram: Tribes of subfamily Amaryllidoideae

Subfamily Amaryllidoideae Africa  Tribe Amaryllideae Africa  Tribe Cyrtantheae Africa  Tribe Haemantheae Australasia Tribe Calostemmateae Eurasian clade Asia Tribe Lycorideae Mediterranean Tribe Galantheae Tribe Pancratieae Tribe Narcisseae American clade Hippeastroid clade Tribe Griffineae Tribe Hippeastreae Andean clade Tribe Eustephieae Tribe Eucharideae/Stenomesseae Tribe Clinantheae Tribe Hymenocallideae

Subdivision

Four [three] genera (species):

• Clinanthus (20) Type
• Pamianthe (2)
• Paramongaia (1)
• [Pucara (1)]

Pucara as Pucara leucantha was later shown to be indistiguishable from Stenomesson, and was transferreed as Stenomesson leucanthum

Bibliography

• Meerow, Alan. Towards a phylogeny of the Amaryllidaceae. pp. 169–179., in Rudall et al. (1995)
• Müller-Doblies, U.; Müller-Doblies, D. (1996). "Tribes and subtribes and some species combinations in Amaryllidaceae J St Hil R Dahlgren & al. 1985". Feddes Repertorium. 107 (5–6): S.c.1–S.c.9. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Meerow, AW; Snijman, DA. Amaryllidaceae. pp. 83–110. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03533-7_11., in Kubitzki (1998). (additional excerpts)
• Meerow, Alan W.; Snijman, Deirdre A. (2006). "The never-ending story: multigene approaches to the phylogeny of Amaryllidaceae". Aliso. 22: 355–366. Retrieved 25 January 2015. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Vigneron, Pascal (2008). "Amaryllidaceae". Amaryllidaceae.org (in French). Retrieved 23 October 2014. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Stevens, P.F. (2001–2012), Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Amaryllidoideae
• Rudall, P.J.; Cribb, P.J.; Cutler, D.F.; Humphries, C.J., eds. (1995). Monocotyledons: systematics and evolution (Proceedings of the International Symposium on Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution, Kew 1993). Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. ISBN 978-0-947643-85-0. Retrieved 14 January 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |editorlink1= ignored (|editor-link1= suggested) (help)
• Kubitzki, K., ed. (1998). The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol.3. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3-540-64060-6. Retrieved 14 January 2014. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |editorlink= ignored (|editor-link= suggested) (help)
• Meerow, A.W.; Fay, M.F.; Guy, C.L.; Li, Q.-B.; Zaman, F.Q.; Chase, M.W. (1999). "Systematics of Amaryllidaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-F sequence data". Am. J. Bot. 86 (9): 1325–1345. doi:10.2307/2656780. JSTOR 2656780. PMID 10487820.
• Meerow, A.W.; Guy, C.L.; Li, Q.-B.; Yang, S.-L. (2000). "Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae Based on nrDNA ITS Sequences" (PDF). Systematic Botany. 25 (4): 708–726. doi:10.2307/2666729. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
• Meerow, Alan W.; van der Werff, Henk (1 July 2004). "Pucara (Amaryllidaceae) Reduced to Synonymy with Stenomesson on the Basis of Nuclear and Plastid DNA Spacer Sequences, and a New Related Species of Stenomesson" (PDF). Systematic Botany. 29 (3): 511–517. doi:10.1600/0363644041744400.
• "Amaryllidaceae: A taxonomic tool for the Amaryllidaceae of the world". eMonocot.