District of Columbia's at-large congressional district

District of Columbia's at-large congressional district
District of Columbia's at-large congressional district
Delegate	Eleanor Holmes Norton; D–Washington
Area	61 sq mi (160 km2)
Distribution	100.0% urban; 0.0% rural;
Population (2011 est.)	601,723
Median household; income	63,124
Ethnicity	50.1% Black; 39.9% White; 9.54% Hispanic; 4.0% other; 3.6% Asian; 2.1% Two or more races; 0.3% Native American; 0.0% Pacific Islander Americans;
Occupation	72.5% White-collar; 16.3% Blue-collar; 11.2% Gray-collar;
Cook PVI	D+41

The District of Columbia's At-large congressional district is a congressional district based entirely of the District of Columbia. According to the U.S. Constitution, only states may be represented in the Congress of the United States. The District of Columbia is not a U.S. state and therefore has no voting representation. Instead, constituents in the district elect a non-voting delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives. Unlike residents of U.S. territories, who also elect non-voting delegates to the Congress, D.C. residents pay federal income tax, which in the view of many residents subjects them to "taxation without representation".

Despite lacking full voting privileges on the floor of the House of Representatives, delegates are voting members in U.S. Congressional committees and they lobby their congressional colleagues regarding the District's interests. While the office was initially created during the Reconstruction Era by the Radical Republicans, Norton P. Chipman (R) briefly held the seat for less than two terms before the office was eliminated completely. The seat was re-created almost a century later, shortly before the 1970 elections; Walter E. Fauntroy (D) won the 1971 special election the following March. In January 2007, the House of Representatives adopted H.Res. 78, which permits delegates to cast non-binding floor votes when the House of Representatives was operating in the Committee of the Whole, a procedure that last existed from 1993-1995.

The district is currently represented by Democrat Eleanor Holmes Norton.

List of Delegates

Delegate	Party	Years	Electoral history
District created: March 4, 1871
Vacant		March 4, 1871 – April 21, 1871
Norton P. Chipman	Republican	April 21, 1871 – March 3, 1875	Seat eliminated
District eliminated: March 4, 1875
District recreated: September 22, 1970
Vacant		September 22, 1970 – March 23, 1971
Walter E. Fauntroy	Democratic	March 23, 1971 – January 3, 1991	Won special election Retired to run for Mayor of Washington, D.C.
Eleanor Holmes Norton	Democratic	January 3, 1991 – Present	First elected 1990

Election results

1870s

D.C. At Large Congressional District Special Election (April 21, 1871)^[3]^[4]
	Candidate	Votes	±%
Republican	Norton P. Chipman	15,196	N/A
Democratic	Richard T. Merrick	11,104	N/A
Republican win (new seat)

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1873)^[5]
	Candidate	Votes	%
Republican	Norton P. Chipman (inc.)	12,443
Democratic	L.G. Hine	7,042
Republican hold		Swing	{{{swing}}}

1970s

D.C. At Large Congressional District Special Election (March 23, 1971)^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy	68,166	58.44
	Republican	John A. Nevius	29,249	25.08
	DC Statehood Green	Julius Hobson	15,427	13.23
	Independent	Frank Kameny	1,888	1.62
	Independent	Douglas Moore	1,301	1.12
	Socialist Workers	James E. Harris	431	0.37
	No party	Write-ins	173	0.15
Total votes			116,635	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic win (new seat)

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1972)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	95,300	60.64
	Republican	William Chin-Lee	39,487	25.12
	DC Statehood Green	Charles I. Cassell	18,730	11.92
	Independent	David H. Dabney	2,514	1.60
	Socialist Workers	Herman Fagg	1,133	0.72
Total votes			157,164	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1974)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	66,337	63.78
	Independent	James G. Banks	21,874	21.03
	Republican	William R. Phillips	9,166	8.81
	DC Statehood Green	Anton V. Wood	3,039	2.92
	U.S. Labor	Susan Pennington	1,813	1.74
	Independent	David H. Dabney	1,539	1.48
	No party	Write-ins	246	0.24
Total votes			104,014	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1976)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	12,149	77.18
	Republican	Daniel L. Hall	1,566	9.95
	DC Statehood Green	Louis S. Aronica	1,076	6.84
	Socialist Workers	Charlotte J. Reavis	499	3.17
	U.S. Labor	Susan Pennington	377	2.39
	No party	Write-ins	75	0.48
Total votes			15,742	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1978)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	76,557	79.59
	Republican	Jackson R. Champion	11,677	12.02
	DC Statehood Green	Gregory Rowe	3,886	4.04
	Socialist Workers	Charlotte J. Reavis	1,649	1.71
	U.S. Labor	Cloid John Green	1,064	1.10
	No party	Write-ins	1,473	1.53
Total votes			96,306	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

1980s

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1980)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	111,631	74.44
	Republican	Robert J. Roehr	21,021	14.02
	DC Statehood Green	Josephine D. Butler	14,325	9.55
	No party	Write-ins	2,979	1.99
Total votes			149,956	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1982)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	93,422	83.01
	Republican	John West	17,242	15.32
	No party	Write-ins	1,879	1.67
Total votes			112,543	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1984)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	154,583	95.56
	No party	Write-ins	7,188	4.44
Total votes			161,771	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1986)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	101,604	80.09
	Republican	Mary L. H. King	17,643	13.91
	DC Statehood Green	Julie McCall	6,122	4.83
	No party	Write-ins	1,486	1.17
Total votes			126,855	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1988)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Walter E. Fauntroy (inc.)	121,817	71.27
	Republican	Ron Evans	22,936	13.42
	DC Statehood Green	Alvin C. Frost	13,802	8.07
	Independent	David H. Dabney	10,449	6.11
	No party	Write-ins	1,929	1.13
Total votes			170,933	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

1990s

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1990)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton	98,442	61.67
	Republican	Harry M. Singleton	41,999	26.31
	Independent	George X. Cure	8,156	5.11
	DC Statehood Green	Leon Frederick Hunt	4,027	2.52
	Independent	David H. Dabney	3,334	2.09
	No party	Write-ins	3,669	2.30
Total votes			159,627	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1992)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	166,808	84.78
	Republican	Susan Emerson	20,108	10.22
	DC Statehood Green	Susan Griffin	7,253	3.69
	Socialist Workers	Sam Manuel	1,840	0.94
	No party	Write-ins	745	0.38
Total votes			196,754	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1994)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	154,988	89.25
	Republican	Donald A. Saltz	13,828	7.96
	DC Statehood Green	Rasco P. Braswell	2,824	1.63
	Socialist Workers	Bradley Downs	1,476	0.85
	No party	Write-ins	548	0.32
Total votes			173,664	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1996)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	134,996	90.00
	Republican	Sprague Simonds	11,306	7.54
	Independent	Faith	2,119	1.41
	Socialist Workers	Sam Manuel	1,146	0.76
	No party	Write-ins	431	0.29
Total votes			149,998	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (1998)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	122,228	89.64
	Republican	Edward Henry Wolterbeek	8,610	6.31
	DC Statehood Green	Pat Kidd	2,323	1.70
	Independent	Natale "Lino" Stracuzzi	1,647	1.21
	Socialist Workers	Mary Martin	1,087	0.80
	No party	Write-ins	464	0.34
Total votes			136,359	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2000s

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2000)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	158,824	90.43
	Republican	Edward Henry Wolterbeek	10,258	5.84
	Libertarian	Robert D. Kampia	4,594	2.62
	Socialist Workers	Sam Manuel	1,419	0.81
	No party	Write-ins	536	0.31
Total votes			175,631	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2002)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	119,268	93.01
	Independent	Pat Kidd	7,733	6.03
	No party	Write-ins	1,232	0.96
Total votes			128,233	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2004)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	202,027	91.33
	Republican	Michael Andrew Monroe	18,296	8.27
	No party	Write-ins	890	0.40
Total votes			221,213	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2006)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	111,726	97.34
	No party	Write-ins	3,051	2.66
Total votes			114,777	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2008)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	228,376	92.28
	DC Statehood Green	Maude Hills	16,693	6.75
	No party	Write-ins	2,402	0.97
Total votes			247,471	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

2010s

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2010)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	117,990	88.94
	Republican	Missy Reilly Smith	8,109	6.11
	DC Statehood Green	Rick Tingling-Clemmons	4,413	3.33
	No party	Write-ins	2,144	1.61
Total votes			132,656	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2012)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	246,664	88.54
	Libertarian	Bruce Majors	16,524	5.93
	DC Statehood Green	Natale "Lino" Stracuzzi	13,243	4.75
	No party	Write-ins	2,132	0.78
Total votes			278,563	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2014)
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	143,923	83.73
	Republican	Nelson F. Rimensnyder	11,673	6.79
	Independent	Timothy J. Krepp	9,101	5.29
	DC Statehood Green	Natale "Lino" Stracuzzi	6,073	3.53
	No party	Write-ins	1,123	0.65
Total votes			171,893	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

D.C. At Large Congressional District Election (2016) ^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Eleanor Holmes Norton (inc.)	265,178	84.84
	Libertarian	Martin Moulton	18,713	5.99
	DC Statehood Green	Natale "Lino" Stracuzzi	14,336	4.59
	No party	Write-ins	2,679	0.86
Total votes			300,906	100.00
Turnout
	Democratic hold

References

^ "Districts of the 113th Congress: 2004 & 2008" (PDF). Partisan Voting Index. The Cook Political Report. October 11, 2012. Retrieved 2014-02-17.
^ Barone, Michael; McCutcheon, Chuck (2013). The Almanac of American Politics 2014. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 358-. ISBN 978-0-226-10544-4. Copyright National Journal.
^ Gibbs, C. R. (March 2, 1989). "The District Had a Voice, if Not a Vote, in the 42nd Congress". The Washington Post. p. DC3.
^ "The Washington Election". The Baltimore Sun. Apr 20, 1871. p. 1.
^ Gibbs, C. R. (March 2, 1989). "The District Had a Voice, if Not a Vote, in the 42nd Congress". The Washington Post. p. DC3.
^ "Fauntroy Election Certified". The Washington Post. April 6, 1971. p. C6.
^ "General Election 2016 - Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. Retrieved December 14, 2016.

External links

District of Columbia Congressional District map

38°54′15″N 77°01′02″W / 38.90417°N 77.01722°W / 38.90417; -77.01722

[1] "Districts of the 113th Congress: 2004 & 2008" (PDF). Partisan Voting Index. The Cook Political Report. October 11, 2012. Retrieved 2014-02-17.

[Barone2014-2] Barone, Michael; McCutcheon, Chuck (2013). The Almanac of American Politics 2014. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 358-. ISBN 978-0-226-10544-4. Copyright National Journal.

[3] Gibbs, C. R. (March 2, 1989). "The District Had a Voice, if Not a Vote, in the 42nd Congress". The Washington Post. p. DC3.

[4] "The Washington Election". The Baltimore Sun. Apr 20, 1871. p. 1.

[5] Gibbs, C. R. (March 2, 1989). "The District Had a Voice, if Not a Vote, in the 42nd Congress". The Washington Post. p. DC3.

[1971g-6] "Fauntroy Election Certified". The Washington Post. April 6, 1971. p. C6.

[GenElection-7] "General Election 2016 - Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. Retrieved December 14, 2016.

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The District of Columbia's current delegation to the United States Congress
senators	None (Federal district)
Delegates (ordered by district)	▌Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)

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