# ICtCp

ICTCP, ICtCp, or ITP is a patented color representation format specified in the Rec. ITU-R BT.2100 standard that is used as a part of the color image pipeline in video and digital photography systems for high dynamic range (HDR) and wide color gamut (WCG) imagery.[1] It was developed by Dolby Laboratories. The format is derived from an associated RGB color space by a coordinate transformation that includes two matrix transformations and an intermediate nonlinear transfer function that is informally known as gamma pre-correction. The transformation produces three signals called I, CT, and CP. The ICTCP transformation can be used with RGB signals derived from either the perceptual quantizer (PQ) or hybrid log-gamma (HLG) nonlinearity functions, but is most commonly associated with the PQ function (which was also developed by Dolby).

The I ("intensity") component is a luma component that represents the brightness of the video, and CT and CP are blue-yellow (named from tritanopia) and red-green (named from protanopia) chroma components.[2]

The ICTCP color representation scheme is conceptually related to the LMS color space, as the color transformation from RGB to ICTCP is defined by first converting RGB to LMS with a 3×3 matrix transformation, then applying the nonlinearity function, and then converting the nonlinear signals to ICTCP using another 3×3 matrix transformation.[3]

## Derivation

ICTCP is defined by Rec. 2100 as being derived from RGB as follows:[1]

 Calculate LMS from BT.2100 RGB: ${\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}L\\M\\S\end{bmatrix}}={\frac {1}{4096}}{\begin{bmatrix}1688&2146&262\\683&2951&462\\99&309&3688\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}R\\G\\B\end{bmatrix}}}$
 If the PQ transfer function is used: ${\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}L'\\M'\\S'\end{bmatrix}}=EOTF_{PQ}^{-1}({\begin{bmatrix}L\\M\\S\end{bmatrix}})}$ If the HLG transfer function is used: ${\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}L'\\M'\\S'\end{bmatrix}}=OETF_{HLG}({\begin{bmatrix}L\\M\\S\end{bmatrix}})}$
 Calculate ICTCP: ${\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}I\\C_{T}\\C_{P}\end{bmatrix}}={\frac {1}{4096}}{\begin{bmatrix}2048&2048&0\\6610&-13613&7003\\17933&-17390&-543\end{bmatrix}}{\begin{bmatrix}L'\\M'\\S'\end{bmatrix}}}$

## Characteristics

ICTCP has near constant luminance, which improves chroma subsampling versus YCBCR.[4] ICTCP also improves hue linearity compared with YCBCR, which helps with compression performance and color volume mapping.[5] When combined with adaptive reshaping ICTCP can improve compression performance by 10%.[6] For CIEDE2000 color quantization errors, 10-bit ICTCP would be equivalent to 11.5 bit YCBCR.[2] Luminance constancy is also improved with ICTCP, which has a luminance relationship of 0.998 between the luma and encoded brightness while YCBCR has a luminance relationship of 0.819.[2] An improved constant luminance is an advantage for color processing operations such as chroma subsampling and gamut mapping where only the color difference information is changed.[2]

## Uses

ICTCP is supported in the HEVC video coding standard.[7]

## References

1. ^ a b "BT.2100-2: Image parameter values for high dynamic range television for use in production and international programme exchange". ITU-R. July 2018.
2. ^ a b c d "ICtCp Dolby White Paper" (PDF). Dolby. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
3. ^
4. ^ "Subsampling in ICtCp vs YCbCr" (PDF). Dolby Laboratories, Inc.
5. ^
6. ^
7. ^ Peng Yin; Chad Fogg; Gary J. Sullivan; Alexis Michael Tourapis (2016-03-19). "Draft text for ICtCp support in HEVC (Draft 1)". JCT-VC. Retrieved 2016-04-20.