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Johnny Horton

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For other uses, see Johnny Horton (disambiguation).
Johnny Horton
Background information
Birth nameJohn LaGale Horton
Also known asThe Singing Fisherman
Born(1925-04-30)April 30, 1925
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
DiedNovember 5, 1960(1960-11-05) (aged 35)
Milano, Texas, U.S.
GenresCountry music, honky-tonk, rockabilly
OccupationSinger
InstrumentGuitar
Years active1950–1960

John LaGale "Johnny" Horton (April 30, 1925 – November 5, 1960) was an American country music and rockabilly singer. Rising to fame slowly over the course of the 1950s, Horton earned great fame in 1959 performing historical ballads, beginning with the song "The Battle of New Orleans" (written by Jimmy Driftwood), which was awarded the 1960 Grammy Award for Best Country & Western Recording. The song was awarded the Grammy Hall of Fame Award and in 2001 ranked No. 333 of the Recording Industry Association of America's "Songs of the Century". His first hit, a number 1 song in 1959, was "When It's Springtime in Alaska (It's Forty Below)".

During 1960, Horton had two other successes with "Sink the Bismarck" and "North to Alaska" for John Wayne's movie, North to Alaska. Horton died in November 1960 at the peak of his fame in an automobile accident, less than two years after his breakthrough. Horton is a member of the Rockabilly Hall of Fame and the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame.

Early life

Horton was born in Los Angeles, to John Loly Horton (1889–1959) and the former Ella Claudia Robinson (1892–1966), the youngest of five siblings, and reared in Rusk in Cherokee County in east Texas. His family often traveled to California to work as migrant fruit pickers. After graduation from high school in Gallatin, Texas, in 1944, Horton attended Lon Morris Junior College in Jacksonville, Texas, with a basketball scholarship. He later attended Seattle University and briefly Baylor University in Waco, although he did not graduate from any of these institutions.[1]

Horton soon returned to California. where he got a job in the mail room at Selznick International Pictures. His future wife, Donna Cook, was working at the studio as a secretary at the time. After a short stint studying geology in Seattle in 1948, Horton went to Alaska to look for gold. It was during this period that he began writing songs. Returning south, he entered and won a talent contest in Henderson, Texas. Encouraged by this result, he returned to California to pursue a music career.[1]

His guest appearances on Cliffie Stone's Hometown Jamboree on KXLA-TV in Pasadena and his own half-hour show The Singing Fisherman led to the opportunity to record some songs on the Cormac record label. By the time the company folded in 1952, Horton recorded ten singles for that label. Fabor Robison, owner of Abbott Records, acquired the masters. Around this time Horton married Donna Cook.[1]

Louisiana Hayride and early career

By this time Horton was appearing regularly on Louisiana Hayride, so he and Donna moved to Shreveport, Louisiana, where the show was recorded. He also signed a contract with Mercury Records and began recording. His first song for that label, "First Train Headin' South" b/w "(I Wished for an Angel) The Devil Sent Me You" (Mercury 6412), received good reviews. He and his new backup band, the Rowley Trio, began touring under the name The Singing Fisherman and the Rowley Trio in 1952, eventually changing the name to Johnny Horton and the Roadrunners. The group included Horton as lead singer, Jerry Rowley on fiddle, his wife Evelyn on piano, and his sister Vera (Dido) on guitars. The constant touring was hard on Horton's marriage, and Donna moved back to Los Angeles. They were soon divorced.[1]

On September 26, 1953, Horton married Billie Jean Jones, widow of Hank Williams, who had died January 1, 1953. Horton parted ways with the Rowley trio, but continued to appear occasionally on Louisiana Hayride. His contract with Mercury expired in late 1954, with his recording of "All for the Love of a Girl" (Mercury 70227) being his best seller, at 35,000 to 45,000 copies. Horton, always an avid fisherman, got a job in a tackle shop and put his music career on hiatus. But by the following year, his new manager and bassist Tillman Franks had obtained Horton a one-year contract with Columbia Records. They traveled to Nashville, Tennessee in a borrowed car for their first recording session. Influenced by the work of Elvis Presley, Horton began adopting a more rockabilly style.[1]

"Honky-Tonk Man" and later career

"Honky-Tonk Man" was recorded on 11 January 1956 at the Bradley Barn Studio in Nashville, one of four songs Horton recorded that day. Session musicians on the recording were Grady Martin and Harold Bradley, as well as Bill Black (at the time Presley’s bassist). Soon afterwards "Honky-Tonk Man" was released as a single (Columbia label: 4-21504) paired with another song from the same session, "I'm Ready if You're Willing". They went out on tour, with the band featuring Franks on bass and Tommy Tomlinson on guitar.[1]

"Honky-Tonk Man" was reviewed by the March 10 issue of Billboard, which said of "Honky Tonk Man", "The wine women and song attractions exert a powerful hold on the singer, he admits. The funky sound and pounding beat in the backing suggest the kind of atmosphere he describes. A very good jukebox record."[1] Their review of "I'm Ready if You're Willing" was also positive: "Horton sings out this cheerful material with amiable personality. This ever more popular stylist ought to expand his circle of fans with this one."[1] The song peaked at No. 9 on the C&W Jockey chart (now Hot Country Songs) and at No. 14 on the Best Seller chart.[1]

Horton returned to the studio on May 23, but the "A" side of his next single, "I'm a One Woman Man" (Columbia 21538), was one of the songs recorded back in January. The "B" side was "I Don't Like I Did". Billboard described "One Woman Man" as a "Smart and polished job," and Horton as "singing with a light, airy touch. Guitar work is just as convincing, adding up to listenable, commercial stuff".[1] He and his band toured through the United States and Canada to promote the record, which reached No. 7 on the Jockey chart and No. 9 on the Best Seller and Jukebox charts.[1]

"I'm Coming Home" / "I Got A Hole In My Pirogue" (Columbia 40813) was released around this time as well. On February 9, Billboard noted that "not only Southern markets are doing good business with this, but Northern cities report that both country and pop customers are going for this in a big way".[1] It was again a success on the country charts (No. 11 Jockey, No. 15 Best Seller) but it failed to score the popular music charts.

Later major successes include the song "The Battle of New Orleans" (written by Jimmy Driftwood), which was awarded the 1960 Grammy Award for Best Country & Western Recording. The song was awarded the Grammy Hall of Fame Award and in 2001 ranked No. 333 of the Recording Industry Association of America's "Songs of the Century". Horton had two other successes in 1960 with "Sink the Bismarck" and "North to Alaska" for John Wayne's movie, North to Alaska.

Death

Johnny Horton bench at Hillcrest Cemetery in Haughton, Louisiana
Horton's grave marker

On the night of November 4–5, 1960, Horton and two other band members (Tommy Tomlinson and Tillman Franks) were travelling from Austin to Shreveport when they collided with an oncoming truck on a bridge near Milano, Texas. Horton died en route to hospital, and Tomlinson was seriously injured; his leg later had to be amputated. Franks suffered head injuries, and James Davis, the driver of the truck, had a broken ankle and other minor injuries.[1]

The funeral was held at Shreveport on November 8, 1960, officiated by Tillman Franks' younger brother, William D. "Billy" Franks, a Church of God minister. Johnny Cash did one of the readings, choosing Chapter 20 from the Book of John.[1] Horton is interred, with a cemetery bench in his honor, at the Hillcrest Memorial Park and Mausoleum in Haughton, east of Bossier City in northwestern Louisiana.

Legacy

When Johnny Cash, a good friend of Horton's, learned about the accident he said, "[I] locked myself in one of the hotel's barrooms and cried."[2] Cash dedicated his rendition of "When It's Springtime in Alaska (It's Forty Below)" to Horton on his album Personal File: "Johnny Horton was a good old friend of mine." Over time, Horton's material has been re-released a number of times, through boxsets and compilations.[3]

Horton was inducted into The Louisiana Music Hall of Fame and posthumously inducted into the Delta Music Museum Hall of Fame in Ferriday, Louisiana.

Some racist songs have sometimes been incorrectly associated with Horton. These songs are by a singer calling himself "Johnny Rebel," who did not begin recording until after Horton's death. The mistake is apparently because Horton recorded the historical song "Johnny Reb."[4][5]

Personal life

Horton was married twice. His first marriage, to Donna Cook, ended with a divorce granted in Rusk, Texas. In September 1953, he married Billie Jean Jones, the widow of country music singer Hank Williams. (She was Williams' second wife.) With Billie Jean, Horton had two daughters, Yanina (Nina) and Melody. Billie Jean's daughter, Jeri Lynn, was legally adopted by Johnny.

Discography

Albums

Year Single Chart Positions RIAA Label
US Country US
1959 The Spectacular Johnny Horton Columbia
1960 Johnny Horton Makes History
1961 Greatest Hits 8 Platinum
1962 Honky Tonk Man 104
1965 I Can't Forget You
1967 Johnny Horton On Stage 37
1968 The Unforgettable Johnny Horton
1970 On the Road
The Legendary Johnny Horton
1971 The Battle of New Orleans
The World of Johnny Horton

Singles

Year Single (A-side, B-side)
Both sides from same album except where indicated 		Chart Positions Album
US Country US
[6]
1952 "The Rest Of Your Life"
b/w "This Won't Be The First Time" 		Non-album tracks
"I Won't Forget"
b/w "The Child's Side Of Life" (from The Fantastic Johnny Horton)
1953 "Plaid and Calico"
b/w "Shadows On The Old Bayou"
"Tennessee Jive"
b/w "The Mansion You Stole" (from The Fantastic Johnny Horton)
"I Won't Get Dreamy Eyed"
b/w "S.S. Lure-Line" (from The Fantastic Johnny Horton)
1954 "There'll Never Be Another Mary"
b/w "No True Love"
1955 "Journey With No End"
b/w "Ridin' The Sunshine Special" (from The Fantastic Johnny Horton)
"Hey Sweet, Sweet Thing"
b/w "Big Wheels Rollin'" (from The Fantastic Johnny Horton)
1956 "Honky-Tonk Man"
b/w "I'm Ready, If You're Willing" (Non-album track) 		9 Honky-Tonk Man
"I'm A One-Woman Man"
b/w "I Don't Like I Did" (Non-album track) 		7
1957 "I'm Coming Home"
b/w "I Got A Hole In My Pirogue" 		11
"The Woman I Need"
b/w "She Knows Why" (from Honky-Tonk Man) 		9 Non-album track
"I'll Do It Every Time"
b/w "Let's Take The Long Way Home" (Non-album track) 		The Legendary Johnny Horton
"You're My Baby"
b/w "Lover's Rock" 		Non-album tracks
1958 "Honky Tonk Hardwood Floor"
b/w "The Wild One" 		Honky-Tonk Man
"All Grown Up"
b/w "Counterfeit Love" 		8 The Legendary Johnny Horton
1959 "When It's Springtime in Alaska (It's Forty Below)"
b/w "Whispering Pines" 		1 The Spectacular Johnny Horton
"The Battle Of New Orleans"
b/w "All For The Love Of A Girl" 		1 1
"Johnny Reb" / 10 54 Johnny Horton Makes History
"Sal's Got A Sugar Lip" 19 81 Non-album track
"I'm Ready, If You're Willing" (re-recording)
b/w "Take Me Like I Am" (from The Legendary Johnny Horton) 		Johnny Horton's Greatest Hits
"They Shined Up Rudolph's Nose"
b/w "The Electrified Donkey" 		Non-album tracks
1960 "Sink the Bismarck"
b/w "The Same Old Tale The Crow Told Me" (from I Can't Forget You) 		6 3 Johnny Horton Makes History
"Johnny Freedom"
b/w "Comanche (The Brave Horse)" 		69
"North To Alaska"
b/w "The Mansion You Stole" (re-recording) 		1 4 Johnny Horton's Greatest Hits
1961 "Sleepy-Eyed John"
b/w "They'll Never Take Her Love From Me" 		9 54 Honky-Tonk Man
"Ole Slew-Foot"
b/w "Miss Marcy" (from The Legendary Johnny Horton) 		28 110
1962 "Honky-Tonk Man" (re-release)
b/w "Words" (from The Legendary Johnny Horton) 		11 96
1963 "All Grown Up"
b/w "I'm A One-Woman Man" (from Honky-Tonk Man)
Re-releases 		26 The Legendary Johnny Horton
"When It's Springtime In Alaska (It's Forty Below)" (re-release)
b/w "Sugar-Coated Baby" (from The Unforgettable Johnny Horton) 		The Spectacular Johnny Horton
1964 "Hooray For That Little Difference"
b/w "Tell My Baby I Love Her" (Non-album track) 		The Unforgettable Johnny Horton
"The Same Old Tale The Crow Told Me"
b/w "Lost Highway" 		I Can't Forget You
1965 "I Just Don't Like This Kind Of Livin'"
b/w "Rock Island Line" (from The World Of Johnny Horton) 		On The Road
1966 "Sam Magee"
b/w "All For The Love Of A Girl" 		The Spectacular Johnny Horton
1967 "The Battle Of New Orleans"
b/w "All For The Love Of A Girl"
Re-release

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Mather, Shaun (2004). "Johnny Horton". Rockabilly Hall of Fame. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
  2. ^ Cash, Johnny (2003). Cash: The Autobiography. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0060727536.
  3. ^ "1956-1960 - Johnny Horton | Release Info | AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 2016-09-13.
  4. ^ Adams, Greg (December 6, 2014). "Did Johnny Horton record racist songs? A history of racist country music". Music Weird. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
  5. ^ "Is Johnny Horton Racist?". Spastic Monkeys. February 19, 2004. Archived from the original on January 5, 2014. Retrieved September 2, 2016. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; January 5, 2009 suggested (help)
  6. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2011). Top Pop Singles 1955–2010. Record Research, Inc. p. 413. ISBN 0-89820-188-8.

References

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