Kizlyar
Kizlyar
Кизляр | |
|---|---|
 Flag _(1842).png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Kizlyar  | |
  Kizlyar Location of Kizlyar  Kizlyar Kizlyar (Republic of Dagestan) | |
| Coordinates: 43°51′0″N 46°43′0″E / 43.85000°N 46.71667°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Dagestan[1] |
| First mentioned | 1609 |
| Elevation | 1 m (3 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 48,984 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 48,907 (−0.2%) |
| • Subordinated to | Town of Kizlyar[1] |
| • Capital of | Kizlyarsky District,[1] Town of Kizlyar[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Kizlyar Urban Okrug[4] |
| • Capital of | Kizlyar Urban Okrug,[4] Kizlyarsky Municipal District |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 368830–368833, 368839, 368886 |
| OKTMO ID | 82730000001 |
| Website | mo-kizlyar |
Kizlyar (Russian: Кизля́р) is a town in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located on the border with the Chechen Republic in the delta of the Terek River 221 kilometers (137 mi) northwest of Makhachkala, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 48,984.[2]
History
The first reference to Kizlyar dates back to 1609, although some historians associate the place with Samandar, the 8th-century capital of Khazaria.[citation needed] In 1735, the Russian government built a fortress in Kizlyar and laid foundations for the Caucasus fortified borderline. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Kizlyar was one of the trading posts between Russia and the Middle East and Central Asia. During this period, the population was largely Armenian and Russian. In 1796, there were 2,800 Armenians and 1,000 Russians living in Kizlyar.[7]
In January 1996, the local airbase was raided by the Chechen separatists in the course of the Kizlyar raid, which claimed the lives of seventy-eight Russian soldiers.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kizlyar serves as the administrative center of Kizlyarsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with one urban-type settlement (Komsomolsky) and one rural locality (the railway crossing loop of No. 17), incorporated separately as the Town of Kizlyar—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Kizlyar is incorporated as Kizlyar Urban Okrug.[4]
Demographics
| 2010 Census | 48,984[2] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 48,457[8] |
| 1989 Census | 39,748[9] |
| 1979 Census | 31,320[10] |
As of the 2002 Census, the town's ethnic composition was as follows:[11]
- Russians (48.6%)
- Avars (15.4%)
- Dargins (11.7%)
- Kumyks (5.0%)
- Lezgins (4.0%)
- Laks (3.2%)
- Azerbaijanis (1.8%)
- Nogais (1.4%)
- Tabasarans (1.3%)
- Rutuls (1.3%)
- Chechens (1.1%)
Economy
In the early 19th century, Kizlyar became a center of viticulture and wine making. The local "cognac factory" (Кизлярский коньячный завод) produces a variety of alcoholic beverages but specializes primarily in a regional variant of brandy, marketed throughout Russia as "cognac". Kizlyarka is a type of grape vodka produced in Kizlyar. Kizlyar is also known for traditional knife, dagger, and saber making.
Climate
| Climate data for Kizlyar | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.0 (33.8) |
2.2 (36.0) |
7.3 (45.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
27.7 (81.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
29.6 (85.3) |
23.9 (75.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
9.1 (48.4) |
3.7 (38.7) |
15.9 (60.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
7.6 (45.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
7.2 (44.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 17 (0.7) |
19 (0.7) |
20 (0.8) |
31 (1.2) |
39 (1.5) |
47 (1.9) |
28 (1.1) |
23 (0.9) |
30 (1.2) |
31 (1.2) |
28 (1.1) |
21 (0.8) |
334 (13.1) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org | |||||||||||||
Twin towns and sister cities
Kizlyar has sister city relationships with:[13]
Baku, Azerbaijan
Budyonnovsk, Stavropol Krai, Russia- Azov, Rostov Oblast, Russia
Notable people
- Roman Bagration (1778–1834), general in the Imperial Russian Army
- Romanos Melikian (1883–1935), composer
- Rasul Mirzaev (born 1986), mixed martial artist
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Law #16
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c Law #6
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Jane Burbank and David L. Ransel, Imperial Russia: New Histories of the Empire (Indiana University Press, 1998), 160.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
- ^ http://www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru/kizlyar02.html
- ^ "Climate: Kizlyar". Retrieved February 27, 2016.
- ^ Kizlyar official site
Sources
- Народное Собрание Республики Дагестан. Закон №16 от 10 апреля 2002 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Республики Дагестан», в ред. Закона №106 от 30 декабря 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Республики Дагестан». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Дагестанская правда", №81, 12 апреля 2002 г. (People's Assembly of the Republic of Dagestan. Law #16 of April 10, 2002 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Dagestan, as amended by the Law #106 of December 30, 2013 On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Dagestan. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Народное Собрание Республики Дагестан. Закон №6 от 13 января 2005 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Республики Дагестан», в ред. Закона №43 от 30 апреля 2015 г. «О статусе городского округа с внутригородским делением "Город Махачкала", статусе и границах внутригородских районов в составе городского округа с внутригородским делением "Город Махачкала" и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Республики Дагестан». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Дагестанская правда", №8, 15 февраля 2005 г. (People's Assembly of the Republic of Dagestan. Law #6 of January 13, 2005 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of the Republic of Dagestan, as amended by the Law #43 of April 30, 2015 On the Status of the "City of Makhachkala" Urban Okrug with Intra-Urban Divisions, the Status and the Borders of the Intra-City Districts Comprising the "City of Makhachkala" Urban Okrug with Intra-Urban Divisions, and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Republic of Dagestan. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
