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List of Naga ethnic groups

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Naga is a vaguely defined umbrella term for several tribes in North-East India and Upper Burma.

S. R. Tohring (2010) lists 66 Naga tribes.[1] The 1991 Census of India listed 35 Naga groups as Scheduled Tribes: 17 in Nagaland, 15 in Manipur and 3 in Arunachal Pradesh.[2]

In the past, writers such as Dr. Rev Dozo (in The Cross over Nagaland) and Renthy Keitzar, have classified the Kuki as one of the Naga tribes.

Naga tribes

Tribe Traditional territory Recognized as Scheduled Tribe in Reference for classification as Naga Population[3] Comments
Angami India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 132,000
Ao India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 261,000
Chang India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 62,4000
Chirr India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 ?
Chiru India Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 ?
Htangan Burma S. R. Tohring, 2010 ?
Kharam (also Purum) India Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 1,400
Khiamniungan (or Khiamnungam) Burma, India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 37,800 Nokaw (Noko) founded in Burma is also a Khiamniungan tribe.
Konyak Burma, India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 248,000
Leinong (also Lainong or Lainung) Burma S. R. Tohring, 2010 7,000
Liangmai India {Assam, Nagaland, Manipur} 62,000 (Comes under Community Zeliangrong)
Lotha India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 170,000
Makury (sometimes spelt Makuri) Burma Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 2,500
Mao (also Ememei) Senapati district, Manipur and Kohima and Dimapur districts, Nagaland (India) Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 81,000 Also called Shiipfomei together with Poumai[4]
Maram Senapati district (India) Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 37,3000
Moyon Burma India Manipur(India), Lower Sagaing Division(Burma) 7000 Linguistically, the Moyons are closer to the Chin-Kuki-Mizo tribes, and have been classified as an "Old Kuki" tribe in the anthropological literature. However, now, they prefer to place themselves within the Naga fold.[5][6][7]
Chandel district (India) Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 22,300
Mzieme Nagaland William Frawley, 2003[8] 29,000
Nokaw (or Noko) Burma S. R. Tohring, 2010 ? Now they are known as Khiamniungan tribe.
Nocte (or Nokte) India Patkai hills of Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. S. R. Tohring, 2010 33,000 It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga.
Para Burma S. R. Tohring, 2010 ?
Pochury India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 16,700
Phom India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 123,000
Poumai Senapati District, Manipur and Phek district, Nagaland (India) S. R. Tohring, 2010 1,50,000
Puimei (Inpui or kabui) India (Manipur and Assam) William Frawley, 2003[8] 3,000 Not to be confused with Poumai
Rengma India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 61,000
Rongmei India Assam, Manipur and Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 90,372 Rongmei are part of Major Community called as Zeliangrong
Sangtam India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 84,300
Sumi (or Sema) India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 104,000
Tangkhul Ukhrul district (India), Burma Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 India-142,000, Myanmar-4,000
Tangshang (or Tase in language coding name) India, Burma Arunachal Pradesh, Burma S. R. Tohring, 2010 ? Formerly known as Pangmi and Heimi (Haimi in Burma; and Rangpang, Tangsa, Wancho, Nocte, Tutsa in India.
Tarao India S. R. Tohring, 2010 870
Thangal India (Mao and Sadar Hills, Manipur) S. R. Tohring, 2010 23,600
Tikhir India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 ?
Tutsa India Robin Tribhuwan, 2005[9] 25,5000 It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga.
Wancho India Arunachal Pradesh S. R. Tohring, 2010 49,100 It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga.
Yimchunger Burma, India Nagaland S. R. Tohring, 2010 92,100
Zeme India: Tamenglong, Senapati districts (Manipur); Peren district (Nagaland); NC Hills district (Assam) Zeliang in Nagaland, Zeme in Assam & Manipur S.R.Tohring 34,100 Zeme is a part of Zeliangrong Community

Tribes sometimes classified as Naga

Tribe Traditional territory Recognized as Scheduled Tribe in Reference for classification as Naga Population Comments
Anal Chandel district (India), Burma Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 Also classified as Kuki[10]
Chothe India Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 Also classified as Kuki-Chin[10]
Inpui India S. R. Tohring, 2010
Khoibu India Manipur Romesh Singh, 2006[11] Recognized as a sub-tribe of Maring by some; however, they have a different origin and dialect
Lamkang (also Lamgang or Langang) Tengnoupal district, Chandel district (India) Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010
Monsang Chandel district (India) Manipur S. R. Tohring, 2010 Not to confused with the sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga called, 'Moshang or Mossang'

Composite tribes or communities

  • Chakhesang: Chakru, Kheza and Sangtam combined[4]
  • Kabui: Rongmei and Inpui together[4]
  • Shepfomei or Shepoumai (Mao-Poumai): Ememei, Lepaona, Chiliivai and Paomata together[4]
  • Zeliangrong: Zeme, Liangmai and Rongmei together[10]
  • Zeliang: Zeme and Liangmei together are called Zeliang in Nagaland[2]
  • Tangshang: A combination term, Tang from Tangnyu Vang (Wang) and Shang from Shangnyu Vang (Wang) chieftains, which were formerly known as and includes Heimi (Haimi), Pangmi, Rangpang, Tangsa, Wancho, Nocte, and Tutsa now.

References

  1. ^ S. R. Tohring (2010). Violence and identity in North-east India: Naga-Kuki conflict. Mittal Publications. pp. xv–xvii. ISBN 978-81-8324-344-5.
  2. ^ a b U. A. Shimray (2007). Naga population and integration movement. Mittal Publications. pp. 25–33. ISBN 978-81-8324-181-6.
  3. ^ http://www.ethnologue.com/
  4. ^ a b c d William Nepuni (2010). Socio-cultural history of Shüpfomei Naga tribe. Mittal Publications. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-81-8324-307-0.
  5. ^ Sipra Sen (1992). Tribes and Castes of Manipur: Description and Select Bibliography. Mittal Publications. p. 58. ISBN 978-81-7099-310-0.
  6. ^ Folk tales of Moyon-Monsang. Directorate for Development of Tribals and Backward Classes, Manipur. 1982. p. 1.
  7. ^ Women of Manipur. APH. 1997. p. 54. ISBN 9788170248972. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |authors= ignored (help)
  8. ^ a b William Frawley (1 May 2003). International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–. ISBN 978-0-19-513977-8. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  9. ^ Robin D. Tribhuwan (1 January 2005). Tribal Housing Issues. Discovery Publishing House. pp. 56–. ISBN 978-81-7141-917-3. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  10. ^ a b c G. K. Ghosh, Shukla Ghosh (1997). Women of Manipur (illustrated ed.). APH Publishing. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-7024-897-2.
  11. ^ M. Romesh Singh (1 January 2006). Tribal Development in 21st Century: An Experience from Manipur. Mittal Publications. pp. 60–. ISBN 978-81-8324-150-2. Retrieved 8 September 2013.