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List of Solanum species

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Detail of the flowers of Solanum dulcamara, one of the nearly 800 accepted taxa that make up the genus Solanum (Solanaceae), along with economically important species such as the potato (S. tuberosum), the tomato (S. lycopersicum) and the aubergine (S. melongena).

This is a list of species in the plant genus Solanum. There may be up to approximately 1500 species worldwide.[1] With some 800 accepted specific and infra-specific taxa of the more than 4,000 described, the genus Solanum contains more species than any other genus in the Solanaceae family and it is one of the largest among the angiosperms.

Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data has established or confirmed that the genera Lycopersicon, Cyphomandra, Normania, and Triguera, which were previously classified independently, should in reality be included within the Solanum. In fact, all the species from these four genera have been formally transferred to Solanum. On the other hand, the genus Lycianthes, which is sometimes included within the Solanum, has been shown to be a separate genus.[2][3][4][5]

The following alphabetical list of Solanum species provides the binomial name followed by the name of the species authority, abbreviated according to the appropriate conventions and uses.

The tuberous species within the genus (those related to Solanum tuberosum, the potato, and therefore often called wild potatoes) have been indicated with the letter T. The nothospecies belonging to the genus appear at the end of the list, that is those taxa that have originated from a hybrid between two different species (for example, Solanum × viirsooi, which has been shown to be an interspecific hybrid resulting from the cross between S. acaule and S. infundibuliforme.)[6]

A

Flower of Solanum aethiopicum
Flower of Solanum ambosinum
Fruit of Solanum americanum
Spiny stem and inflorescence of Solanum atropurpureum
Growth habit of Solanum atropurpureum
Flower of Solanum aviculare
Solanum aviculare

B

Growth habit of Solanum betaceum
Fruit of Solanum betaceum in longitudinal and axial cross section.
Inflorescence of Solanum bonariensis

C

Flowers of Solanum canasense
Fruit and spiny stem of Solanum carolinense
Solanum chenopodioides growing between rocks
Detail of the flower of Solanum citrullifolium
Detail of the seeds of Solanum citrullifolium
Solanum crispum

D

Illustration of Solanum dulcamara
Flower of Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara, inflorescence and leaves
Detail of the fruit of Solanum dulcamara
Detail of the flowers of Solanum douglasii
Solanum dulcamara

E

F

Solanum furcatum

G

H

Growth habit of Solanum heterodoxum
Fruit of Solanum heterodoxum. The fruit's persistent spiny sepals can also be seen.
Flower of Solanum hispidum
Fruit of Solanum hispidum
Solanum hispidum

I

Solanum Iycopersicum

J

K

L

Flower of Solanum laciniatum
Flower and leaves of Solanum linnaeanum
Solanum lycioides, flowers and leaves
Fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)
Solanum lycocarpum - wolf apple

M

Fruit of Solanum macrocarpon
Fruit of Solanum mammosum
Flowers of Solanum mauritianum
Habit of Solanum morelliforme
Fruit Solanum muricatum in cross section.
Spiny leaf of Solanum myriacanthum
Fruit of Solanum melongena (aubergine)
Solanum mauritianum
Solanum muricatum

N

Flower of Solanum nelsonii
Leaves and flower of Solanum nigrum

O

P

Solanum pimpinellifolium
Solanum pseudocapsicum

Q

R

Solanum robustum

S

Solanum seaforthianum

T

Inflorescence of Solanum torvum
Fruit of Solanum triflorum
Compound leaf of Solanum tuberosum ("potato").
Inflorescence of Solanum tuberosum
Tubers of Solanum tuberosum
Cultivar of Solanum tuberosum
Fruit of Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum - potato

U

V

Solanum viarum

W

X

Solanum xanti

Y

Z

Hibrid taxa (nothospecies)

Notes

References

  1. ^ "Genus Solanum". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
  2. ^ Olmstead, R. G., J. A. Sweere, R. E. Spangler, L. Bohs, & J. D. Palmer (1999) Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNA. M. Nee, D. E. Symon, R. N. Lester, & J. P. Jessop (eds.), Solanaceae IV: advances in biology and utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K. Pages 111-137
  3. ^ Olmstead, R. G.; Palmer, J. D. (1992). "A chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Solanaceae: subfamilial relationships and character evolution". Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 346–360. doi:10.2307/2399773.
  4. ^ Olmstead, R. G.; Sweere, J. A. (1994). "Combining data in phylogenetic systematics: an empirical approach using three molecular data sets in the Solanaceae". Systematic Biology. 43: 467–481. doi:10.1093/sysbio/43.4.467.
  5. ^ Bohs, L. (2005) Major clades in Solanum based in ndhF sequences. Pp. 27-49 in R. C. Keating, V. C. Hollowell, & T. B. Croat (eds.), A festschrift for William G. D'Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  6. ^ Okada, K.; Clausen, A. M.; Natural (1985). "Solanum acaule Bitter and S. infundibuliforme Philippi in the province of Jujuy, Argentina". Euphytica. 34: 227.
  7. ^ Tepe, Eric J.; Ridley, Glynis; Bohs, Lynn (2012). "A new species of Solanum named for Jeanne Baret, an overlooked contributor to the history of botany". PhytoKeys. 8: 37–47. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.8.2101. PMC 3254248. PMID 22287929.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ http://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_soel.pdf
  9. ^ [1][2]
  10. ^ John G. Hawkes. "William Lobb in Ecuador and the Enigma of Solanum lobbianum". www.jstor.org. Retrieved 12 December 2008.
  11. ^ Sandra Knapp (10 May 2013). A Revision of the Dulcamaroid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae). PenSoft Publishers LTD. pp. 270–. ISBN 978-954-642-684-0.
  12. ^ Melissa Chan (25 February 2016). "Newly Discovered Flower Named After Matt Damon's The Martian Character". Time Magazine.
  13. ^ Dr. Chris Martine (28 September 2015). "Why I'm Naming a New Plant Species After The Martian". Huffington Post.

Bibliography

  • Nee, M. Index of Solanum names. Planetary Biodiversity Inventories (PBI), SolanaceaSource. [3]
  • Bohs, L (2001). "Revision of Solanum Section Cyphomandropsis (Solanaceae)". Syst. Bot. Monogr. 61: 1–85. doi:10.2307/25027891.
  • Knapp, S. 2002. Solanum Section Geminata (Solanaceae). In: Organization for Flora Neotropica, ed., Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 84.
  • Spooner, D. M.; et al. (2004). "Wild Potatoes (Solanum section Petota; Solanaceae) of North and Central America". Syst. Bot. Monogr. 68: 1–209. doi:10.2307/25027915.
  • United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). 2006. Solanum. [4]
  • "GRIN Species Records of Solanum". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area.
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