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List of incidents at independent amusement parks

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This is a summary of notable incidents that have taken place at various independently owned[clarification needed] amusement parks, water parks or theme parks. This list is not intended to be a comprehensive list of every such event, but only those that have a significant impact on the parks or park operations, or are otherwise significantly newsworthy.

The term incidents refers to major accidents, injuries, deaths and significant crimes. While these incidents are required to be reported to regulatory authorities for investigation, attraction-related incidents usually fall into one of the following categories:

  • Negligence on the part of the park, either by ride operator or maintenance.
  • Caused by negligence on the part of the guest. This can be refusal to follow specific ride safety instructions, or deliberate intent to break park rules.
  • The result of a guest's known or unknown health issues.
  • Act of God or a generic accident (e.g. slipping and falling) that is not a direct result of an action on anyone's part.


Action Park

Main article: Action Park
  • On July 8, 1980, a 19-year-old park employee was riding the Alpine Slide when his car jumped the track and his head struck a rock, killing him.[1]
  • On July 24, 1982, a 15-year-old boy drowned in the Tidal Wave Pool.[1][2]
  • On August 1, 1982, a 27-year-old man from Long Island got out of his tipped kayak on the Kayak Experience to right it. While doing so, he stepped on a grate that was either in contact with, or came too close to, a section of live wiring for the underwater fans that somehow became exposed and he suffered a severe electric shock, which sent him into cardiac arrest. Several other members of his family nearby were also injured. He was taken to a hospital in nearby Warwick, New York where he died later of the shock-induced cardiac arrest.[1][3] The park at first disputed that the electric current caused his death, saying there were no burns on his body, but the coroner responded that burns generally do not occur in a water-based electrocution.[3] The ride was drained and closed for the investigation. Accounts differed as to the extent of the exposed wiring: the park said it was "just a nick," while others said it was closer to 8 inches (20 cm). The state's Labor Department found that the fan was properly maintained and installed and cleared the park of wrongdoing; however it also said that the current had the possibility to cause bodily harm under certain circumstances.[1] While the park said it was vindicated, it never reopened the ride, saying that people would be afraid to go on it afterwards.[3]
  • In 1984, a fatal heart attack suffered by one visitor was unofficially believed to have been triggered by the shock of the cold water in the pool beneath the Tarzan Swing. The water on the ride and in that swimming area was 50-60 °F (10-16 °C) while other water areas were in the 70-80 °F (21-27 °C) range more typical of swimming pools. The Tarzan Swing and the Cannonball ride in this area were operated by spring water.[3]
  • On August 27 of that year, a 20-year-old from Brooklyn drowned in the Tidal Wave Pool.[4]
  • On July 19, 1987, an 18-year-old drowned in the Tidal Wave Pool.[1]

Coney Island

Main article: Coney Island

Himalaya

  • In 1999, a 17-year-old girl was killed and 8 others were injured when a car flew off the ride.[5]

Polar Express

  • On August 5, 2007, a restraining lap bar broke causing an unidentified 15-year-old girl to fall out of her seat and into the center of the ride where she was briefly knocked unconscious. The ride was running in reverse at the time. The victim was taken to the hospital with head and leg injuries, and complaining of neck and back pain.[6]

Coney Island Cyclone

Main article: Coney Island Cyclone
  • On May 26, 1985, a 29-year-old man was killed while riding the Cyclone. He stood up and struck his head on a crossbeam.
  • On August 23, 1988, a 26-year-old man was killed after falling from the Cyclone. The man was a maintenance worker and was the only passenger at the time, riding in the back seat of the train during his lunch break. Apparently, he eluded the safety bar and was seen standing up as the train began its descent down the first hill. He fell 30 feet and landed on a crossbeam of a lower section of track. He was killed instantly. The ride was closed following the incident, but was reopened a day later after safety inspectors concluded that the ride was safe.[7]
  • On July 31, 2007, a 53-year-old man broke several vertebrae while riding the Cyclone. He died four days later due to complications from surgery.[8][9]

Dreamworld

Main article: Dreamworld

Thunder River Rapids Ride

Main article: Thunder River Rapids Ride incident
  • On October 25, 2016, four people—two men aged 35 and 38, and two women aged 32 and 42—were killed when the raft they were riding hit another stopped raft, causing it to flip. Eyewitness accounts noted that the water level in the channel had dropped prior to the incident, but the drop did not trigger a sensor that would have stopped the ride. Investigators believe that the occupied raft was pushed up onto a stopped raft by a conveyor belt, at first mounting the stopped raft then flipping over. Of the six passengers aboard the raft, two children—aged 10 and 12—were ejected from the raft but survived, while the two men were believed to be crushed under the raft and the two women were trapped underneath the conveyor belt. Dreamworld officials stated that the ride had just passed its annual inspection in September.[10][11][12] On November 9 Ardent Leisure chief executive Deborah Thomas announced that the ride would be permanently closed and demolished.[13]

Dutch Wonderland

Main article: Dutch Wonderland

Sky ride

  • On July 19, 2008, a 44-year-old woman from Ann Arbor, Michigan lost about a centimeter off the tip of her left index finger when it was caught in the safety bar.[14][15]

Expoland (Japan)

Main article: Expoland

Fujin Raijin II

  • On May 5, 2007, a 19-year-old from Higashiomi, Shiga was killed and nineteen other guests were injured when the Fujin Raijin II derailed at Expoland in Suita, Osaka. An investigation revealed that the ride derailed due to a broken axle. None of the ride vehicle's axles had been replaced for fifteen years.[16] Following this accident, similar coasters at other Japanese parks were voluntarily shut down and inspected to see if they could have the same axle flaw.[17] Expoland was cited by authorities for faulty maintenance when similar axle cracks were found on a second train a month later.[18] On July 15, 2008, three former Expoland employees—the director and administrative manager, the head of facility and business department, and the head of the technical division—agreed with the allegation of professional negligence and violating Building Standards Law. They admitted to purposefully postponing the coaster's regular inspection, even though a visible crack was noticed months earlier, as well as submitting a false inspection report.[19]

Hersheypark

Main article: Hersheypark
  • In 2006, of the 1.4 million visitors to the park, 55 people were injured at Hersheypark.[20]

Tidal Force

  • In 2003, 6 people were injured when a boat collided.[5]

Holiday World & Splashin' Safari

Main article: Holiday World & Splashin' Safari

The Raven

  • On May 31, 2003, Tamar Fellner, a 32-year-old from New York City, New York died after falling out of The Raven roller coaster. The victim was visiting the park to attend "Stark Raven Mad 2003", an event hosting roller coaster enthusiasts from around the country. At approximately 8:00 pm, the victim and her fiancé boarded The Raven in the last row of the train. Following a safety check of her lap bar and seat belt by a ride operator, the train left the station. Multiple witnesses reported that they saw her "virtually standing up" during the ride's initial and subsequent drops. During the ride's 69 feet (21 m) drop, also called the fifth drop, she was ejected from the car and onto the tracks. When the train returned to the station, the victim's fiancé, ride operators, and a passenger who was a doctor ran back along the tracks, at which point they found her lying under the structure of the roller coaster at the fifth drop. The doctor, aided by park medical personnel, began CPR until an ambulance arrived. The victim was pronounced dead en route to the hospital.[21]
An investigation following the accident showed that the safety restraints were working properly and that there were no mechanical deficiencies on the roller coaster. Additionally, Fellner's seatbelt was found undone when the train returned to the station.[22] A subsequent 2005 lawsuit filed by the family against Holiday World and the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, the manufacturer of the coaster train, was settled out of court in 2007. Terms of the settlement were not disclosed.[23][24]

Lawnmowing accident

  • On May 27, 2006, a 20-year-old male park employee from Birdseye, Indiana died after being pinned under the lawn mower he was using. The man was a supervisor for the park's grounds department. The employee was working alone, mowing an area with some inclines outside the east side of the park when the incident occurred, though the park refused to speculate on exactly what might have happened. The man was found by another employee, who was then able to help lift the lawn mower off the victim with the help of other employees. Park emergency medical technicians and Spencer County EMS summoned a medical helicopter from St. Mary's Hospital and Medical Center in Evansville, Indiana, but the employee was pronounced dead before it arrived.[25][26]

The Wave

  • On July 4, 2007, at 11:00 a.m., a 29-year-old female from Fort Wayne, Indiana died after collapsing near the edge of The Wave, falling face-down into two inches of water. Lifeguards immediately responded and pulled her out, then attempted to revive her with help from park medical personnel. Resuscitation attempts continued as the victim was transported by ambulance to Jasper Memorial Hospital, where she died. An autopsy determined the cause of death to be congestive heart failure.[27]

Bahari River

  • On June 20, 2009, a filter pump on Bahari River malfunctioned, sending twenty-four guests and employees to the hospital. At 6:25 pm, the pump, which was turned off at the time, was turned back on. The pump surged, forcing a stronger than usual concentration of liquid bleach and hydrochloric acid into the water. Twenty-four people, including park staff and medical personnel, complained of troubled breathing and nausea. They were given oxygen at the park before being transported to Jasper Memorial Hospital for treatment. All were treated and released that evening. It was later determined that an interlock system designed to prevent chemical feeders from pumping chemicals into the water when the pump was turned off had malfunctioned.[28]

Bomb scare

  • On June 30, 2016, a suspicious unattended backpack was found, causing an evacuation of the entire park.[29][30]

Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo

Main article: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo

Power outage

  • On February 28, 1999, 15 people were stranded on a ride for a few minutes before they were able to get off. No serious injuries were reported, although six people complained of dizziness and neck pain.[5]

Hi-Miler

  • On March 20, 2011, a lap bar on the Hi-Miler roller coaster at the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo suddenly unlocked, causing 47-year-old Brian Greenhouse to fall more than 28 feet from the roller coaster. The malfunction was caused by a single screw, which was supposed to keep the lock pin in place and the lap bar locked. The victim sustained serious chest and head injuries, and later died as a result of his injuries.[31]

Idlewild

Main article: Idlewild and Soak Zone

Rollo Coaster

  • On August 12, 2016, a 3-year-old boy was injured when he fell out of the coaster train. He was airlifted to a nearby hospital in Pittsburgh.[32]

Kennywood

Main article: Kennywood

King Kahuna

  • On July 6, 2008, twenty riders were stranded upside down for ten minutes when the King Kahuna ride malfunctioned and unexpectedly stopped for an undetermined reason.[33] One of the riders sued Kennywood for negligence, claiming that the ride caused spinal damage. On March 26, 2013, a jury ruled that the plaintiff had a pre-existing spinal condition, and that any injury she suffered was not due to the ride.[34]

Popover

  • On August 7, 1968, a 15-year-old girl from Monongahela, Pennsylvania died and a 15 year-old-girl from Monessen, Pennsylvania fractured both wrists after falling 30 feet from the ride when a bolt supporting one of the cages broke, causing the cage to collapse dropping the girls to the ground.[35]

Thunderbolt

  • In 1968, a 15-year-old boy from Greensburg, Pennsylvania, fell to his death after standing up on the ride.
  • In 1999, there was an accident on the Thunderbolt when operators failed to brake an incoming train, which collided with the train being loaded. Thirty people were injured in the crash. After the accident, the headlights on the cars were partially removed because the electrical system did not hold up well against the vibration of the cars.

The Whip

  • On May 31, 2002, a 29-year-old female guest from Monroeville, Pennsylvania was killed when the roof of The Whip collapsed during a microburst. On July 20, 2007, a trial jury awarded the victim's family US$1.21 million.

Kentucky Kingdom

Main article: Kentucky Kingdom

Vampire

  • On Wednesday April 7, 1999, The ride stranded 27 people nearly 60 feet in the air for as much as 4 hours. For the inconvenience, the staff gave the riders stuffed animals and water bottles.It was caused by a malfunction in the ride's automatic braking system.
  • On May 29, 1999, the ride stranded 26 people for 4 hours. It was nearly a mirror image of the incident that happened 1 month prior. Firemen were able to get the riders off using cherry pickers, and nobody was injured.[5]

Starchaser

  • On July 26, 1994 (park operating as Kentucky Kingdom), five unidentified riders were injured when two cars collided in an incident that inspectors said was due to operator error. After the accident, the park filed suit against Louisville, Kentucky television station WHAS-TV for reporting on the accident in a misleading and malicious manner. The station had inaccurately reported that the ride malfunctioned, was dangerous, and that the park had removed a "key component" of the ride. The station lost the lawsuit and was ordered to pay US$3 million to the park.[36]

Superman Tower of Power

Main article: Superman: Tower of Power
Wikinews has related news:
On July 13, 2007, the victim's family filed a lawsuit for unspecified damages, claiming that the park did not properly maintain the ride.[43] On November 29, 2007, a judge in the Jefferson Circuit Court said that Six Flags could dismantle the ride beginning February 1, 2008. As of December 1, 2007, the ride's cable was still in storage awaiting lab tests.[44] On May 30, 2008, the Kentucky Department of Agriculture released their report on the accident, concluding that the accident was due to a faulty cable, as well as poor operator training in that if the ride operators had acted to shut down the ride in a timely manner, guests would only have suffered minor cuts. The report also stated that the park was fined $1,000 for not properly maintaining the ride.[45] On November 21, 2008, a settlement to "provide lifetime care" was reached between Kentucky Kingdom and the victim's family.[46]

Knoebels

Main article: Knoebels
  • On July 6, 2011, a young boy was found face down in the pool. By the time the ambulance arrived, lifeguards performed CPR and were successful at getting a heartbeat and the boy breathing on his own. He died later at the hospital. It was later determined that the child suffered from a pre-existing heart condition that is associated with Noonan syndrome.[47]
  • On July 16, 2016, another young boy died after he was found unresponsive in the swimming pool. He was rushed to a nearby hospital where he was pronounced dead. The incident may have been caused by a pre-existing medical condition.[48]

Scenic Skyway

  • On June 13, 2003, a man was seriously injured in a 30-foot (9.1 m) fall from the Scenic Skyway chairlift ride at Knoebels Amusement Park. The man was a member of a group home for mentally disabled people and was riding alone. He was airlifted to a local hospital and recovered. The ride had opened just two weeks prior to the accident. Inspectors found no problems with the ride.[49]

Speed Slide

  • On March 2, 1999, an attorney representing two girls who sustained injuries while riding a water slide at a Pennsylvania amusement park discovered a history of complaints of injuries made by riders after they had ridden the same ride. Fifteen injuries had been reported to the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Ride and Measurement Standards in recent years, including six reports of injuries to riders' genital areas. The Speed Slide, also known as the Super Slide, is a 40-foot (12 m) vertical drop water slide attraction. The tort lawsuit filed sought $9,200 in medical costs and at least $50,000 in damages on behalf of one girl, age 11. The suit also sought $5,300 in medical costs and at least $100,000 in damages on behalf of the other girl, age 12. The park was charged with negligence, failure to monitor the amount of force of the water and its effect on riders, failure to fix defects, and failure to provide adequate warnings to riders.[50]

Krug Park

Main article: Krug Park (Omaha) § Roller coaster incident

Big Dipper

  • On July 24, 1930, sometime after 6:00 p.m., the park's Big Dipper roller coaster crashed when a bolt worked itself loose. Four cars containing children and teenagers plunged to the ground. Four people were killed and 17 injured.[51][52][53][54]

Lagoon Amusement Park

Main article: Lagoon Amusement Park

Roller Coaster

Main article: Roller Coaster (Lagoon)
  • In 1934, a 20-year-old man from Ogden, Utah fell to his death as he attempted to stand up when the train was on its highest hill. He hit a number of support trestles on the way down.
  • In 1946, a man was struck by the train as he was working on scaffolding on the ride. He suffered skull, leg and arm fractures, as well as internal injuries, and died at a Salt Lake hospital on September 1, 1946.
  • In 1989, a 13-year-old girl stood up and fell 35 feet to her death. She was pronounced dead at the scene.[55]

Puff The Little Fire Dragon

  • In 1989, a young boy attempted to exit the vehicle near the end of the ride. He was run over and killed by an oncoming train.[56]

Lake Winnepesaukah

Main article: Lake Winnepesaukah
  • On April 19, 2003, a crowd disturbance described as a "near-riot" involving 500 to 700 youths took place outside the park in Rossville, Georgia after management decided to close the park 90 minutes early. Catoosa County Sheriff Phil Summers claimed the incident was caused by parents leaving their children unattended at the park with little or no money, thus unable to participate in the park's activities. When sporadic fighting began in the crowd, the decision was made to close the park early, which escalated the fighting. Law enforcement agencies from Georgia and Tennessee were dispatched to the scene when the crowd began to disrupt traffic on roads surrounding the park. After the incident, the park instituted a new policy of requiring visitors under 21 years of age to be accompanied by a parent or guardian. Visitors are also required to purchase some sort of admission.[57]

Luna Park Sydney

Main article: Luna Park Sydney

Ghost Train

Further information: 1979 Sydney Ghost Train fire

Nickelodeon Universe

Main article: Nickelodeon Universe

SpongeBob SquarePants: Rock Bottom Plunge

Between 2011 and 2012, 8 people complained of injuries from the ride. 6 people complained of neck injuries and 2 complained of back injuries.[58]

Tak Attack

Main article: Tak Attack
  • In April 1998, a dime-sized plastic nut came loose on the The Mighty Axe (now called Tak Attack), causing the ride to come to a stop with riders stuck upside down at the very top. The loose nut had interrupted the power to the seating platform. The five riders were stuck for about an hour before park mechanics were able to get them down.[59]

Log Chute

Main article: Log Chute
  • On Saturday, August 1, 1998, a 12-year-old boy fell off the log chute. When the boat neared the top of the chute, the boy began to panic and reached outside of the log to grab a railing. The ride operator attempted to stop the ride, but the log had already begun its descent down the major drop. Losing his grip, he fell off the chute, falling onto the landscaping rocks. The boy died from his injuries. O.D. Hopkins Associates, Inc., the manufacturer of the ride, inspected it and found it was in proper working order. It was Camp Snoopy's first fatal accident.[60]
  • On November 4, 2007, a conveyor belt on the log chute malfunctioned, causing one log to crash into the other. However, there were only minor injuries. The ride was inspected and repaired, and then reopened on November 15, 2007.[61]

Screaming Yellow Eagle

Main article: Screaming Yellow Eagle
  • On Saturday, August 15, 1998, an 8-year-old girl died of a heart attack after she rode the Screaming Yellow Eagle (now known as Danny Phantom Ghost Zone), a rotating platform ride. She had a history of heart problems for five years before her death. The ride was working properly.[62]

Backyardigans Swing-Along

  • On May 14, 2008, four people were slightly hurt, suffering minor leg injuries when the Backyardigans Swing Along malfunctioned, apparently spinning faster than normal. The ride was shut down when it became apparent that it was malfunctioning and remained closed until maintenance crews found and fixed the problem.[63][64] On May 18, 2008, the ride was inspected and fixed. It reopened on May 19, 2008. [citation needed]
  • In April 2010, the Backyardigans Swing Along ride broke down and was suspended in the air for about 30 minutes. No one was hurt and everyone was brought down safely. The ride was tested and reopened the same day.

Fairly Odd Coaster

Main article: Fairly Odd Coaster
  • On January 27, 2009, one of the coaster cars did not make it over the last hill on the Fairly Odd Coaster and stalled. No one was hurt, and once the lap bars were unlatched, the riders in the stalled car were let off. The other two cars on the circuit were stopped safely by the computer's actuation of the ride's air brakes. The ride's air brakes operating make a noise like a gunshot, which caused a small panic. The ride was running normally the next day.

Old Indiana Fun Park

Main article: Old Indiana Fun Park
  • On August 11, 1996, a 4-year-old girl was paralyzed from the chest down, and her 57-year-old grandmother was killed after the miniature train ride at the Old Indiana Fun Park derailed and overturned as it approached a curve. The two victims were crushed under the weight of the cars. An investigation showed that the train was traveling much faster than its design speed of 12 miles per hour (19 km/h).[65]

Overseas Chinese Town East

Space Journey

  • On June 29, 2010, 6 people were killed and 10 were injured when a Space Shuttle-simulator ride called Space Journey fell to the ground in Shenzhen, China. According to eyewitnesses, one of the ride's 12 cabins came loose in an explosion while spinning and collided with other cabins. Some cabins dropped 50 feet (15 m) and ejected passengers. Another eyewitness claimed that a power shortage caused the accident.[66]

Playland

Main article: Playland (New York)

Dragon Coaster

  • In 1988, an 8-year-old girl choked to death while chewing gum on the ride.[67]

Mind Scrambler

  • On May 22, 2004, a 7-year-old girl from New Rochelle, New York was killed when she fell out of the ride after her restraining bar opened.[67][68]
  • On June 29, 2007, a 21-year-old female park employee from White Plains, New York was killed[68] when the ride was started by a second employee while the victim was still assisting guests with their safety restraints. Park officials stated that a safety precaution (put in place after the 2004 Mind Scrambler incident) was not followed.[69] A report issued by the State's Labor Department on August 24, 2007 stated that the ride operators were running the ride improperly. The ride owner was cited for providing inadequate training. Due to this incident, the Mind Scrambler was closed.[67][70]

The Whip

  • On August 18, 1938, a 19-year-old boy was killed when he was hurled from the ride.[71]

Ye Old Mill

  • On August 3, 2005, a 7-year-old boy from Norwalk, Connecticut died of blunt force trauma to the head after he climbed out of a boat on the Ye Old Mill ride, where he became trapped underwater by a conveyor belt.[68] The victim's family sued the county that owned Playland, and on March 24, 2009, the defendants were ordered to pay US$1.25 million, as well as create a scholarship in the victim's name. The scholarship is awarded annually to the Playland employee who exhibits excellence in safety and customer service.[67][72]

Guest altercations

  • On July 4, 2006, a 43-year-old woman from Queens, New York drowned after walking into a 40-foot-deep man-made lake that is off-limits to swimmers. An autopsy showed the victim had a blood alcohol level well over the legal limit.[67]

Rockin' Raceway

The Hawk

  • On March 14, 2004, a 50-year-old woman fell off of a pendulum-like ride, "The Hawk". Afterwards, Charles Stanley Martin, the park manager, was charged with second-degree murder.[73][74]

Schlitterbahn Kansas City

Main article: Schlitterbahn Kansas City

Verrückt

  • On August 7, 2016, the 10-year-old son of a Kansas state representative died while riding Verrückt.[75] Investigators stated his death was due to a neck injury.[76]

Siam Park (Thailand)

Main article: Siam Park City

Flume ride

  • On October 23, 2007, one woman was killed and five others injured when the ride vehicle fell 20 metres (66 ft) to the ground from the top of the lift hill. Park management said that there was a drop in electric power, causing a water pump to fail to control sufficient water level on the ride.[77]

Super Spiral

  • On January 12, 2008, 28 children, ages 10 to 13, were injured when they spiraled down two meters to the ground after the final sections of the Super Spiral water slide collapsed.[78]

Storybook Land

Big Truck Ride

  • On May 8, 2011, the ride derailed as it came up on the first turn, causing cars to go off the track and fall two and a half feet to the ground, injuring two adults and one child. The cause was determined to be an internal component. Management decided to remove the ride, explaining, "We simply can't be sure about the precise cause of the failure and will not risk the safety of our patrons when we cannot be 100% certain that the ride can be made completely safe." It was replaced with an attraction called Workzone, which opened in the summer of 2014.[79]

Splash Adventure

Main article: Splash Adventure
  • In 1999, when the park was called Visionland, five people were injured when a raft overturned.[80]
  • In 2001, when the park was called Visionland, a boat filled with park employees overturned when the employees rocked the boat. The establishment was shaken up but no one was injured.[80]
  • On August 4, 2009, when the park was called Alabama Adventure, a family of three and one other park visitor were injured when the ride's boat capsized. Witnesses said that the family's boat hit an empty boat and was overturned. The family was underwater for approximately 20 seconds.[80]
  • On June 6, 2011, when the park was called Alabama Adventure, a fight broke out between several youths and spread throughout the park. One guest described it as a borderline riot. The Bessemer Police were called to the park and no more guests were allowed into the park. The incident was blamed on a "$10 before 10AM" promotional event that was mishandled by park staff.[81]

Water Park of America

Main article: Water Park of America
  • On May 22, 2006, a 39-year-old man from Lakeville, Minnesota suffered a bruised spinal cord while attempting to ride the FlowRider wave ride on a boogie board. As a result, the victim had two titanium screws and a plate inserted into his neck to stabilize vertebrae and relieve pressure on his spinal cord. Doctor reports stated that the victim was almost paralyzed, but regained some movement in his limbs shortly after surgery.[82]

Water Works Park

  • On August 5, 2007, an unidentified 10-year-old girl suffered severe internal injuries while riding the speed slide at the Denton, Texas park. The accident report filed by the on-duty lifeguards stated that the injuries were caused by the victim's failure to follow park rules, namely keeping her legs crossed at the ankles, while riding.[83] The park rule regarding crossing ankles on a water slide is common in the industry, and is one method (along with wearing a wet suit) used to prevent "straddle injuries."[84]

References

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  3. ^ a b c d Austin, Joanne; "Revisiting Traction ... Er, Action, Park," Weird NJ, October 2005, pages 20-24
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  5. ^ a b c d RideAccidents.com
  6. ^ Sederstrom, Jotham (2007-08-04). "Girl hurt in fall from Coney ride as safety bar breaks". New York: NY Daily News. Retrieved 2007-08-07.
  7. ^ "U.S. Roller Coaster Fatalities (1972-1997)".
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  9. ^ "Family of man who died after Cyclone ride sues NYC".
  10. ^ "Dreamworld: Four people killed on Thunder River Rapids ride at Gold Coast theme park". ABC News. October 25, 2016.
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  12. ^ "Dreamworld tragedy: Investigators piecing together how fatal accident unfolded". 9news.com.au. Nine Digital PTY, Ltd. October 26, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  13. ^ "Dreamworld's Thunder River Rapids Ride to be demolished after theme park deaths". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 9 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  14. ^ "Woman loses part of finger on park ride". Lancaster Newspapers. 2008-07-20. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
  15. ^ "Woman Loses Fingertip At Amusement Park". WGAL-TV Lancaster, PA. 2008-07-21. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
  16. ^ "Amusement park failed to replace axles of roller coaster in fatal crash for 15 years". Mainichi Interactive/MSN. 2007-05-07. Retrieved 2007-05-07.
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  18. ^ "Cracked axle found on roller coaster". Kazinform. 2007-06-25. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-06-26.
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  25. ^ "Holiday World Employee Laid to Rest". NBC 14 WFIE. Retrieved 17 May 2013.
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  27. ^ "Name Released in Holiday World Death". Evansville Courier & Press. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  28. ^ "Two dozen treated at Holiday World". Evansville Courier & Press. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  29. ^ "Holiday World and Spashin' Safari evacuated due to 'suspicious' backpack". FOX 59. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  30. ^ "Suspicious bag forced Holiday World evacuation". The Courier-Journal. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
  31. ^ "Deadly Roller Coaster fall at Houston Liestock Show and Rodeo". Denena and Points, P.C. 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2014-04-20.
  32. ^ Steve Visser and Lauren Del Valle (12 August 2016). "Boy falls off Pennsylvania roller coaster". CNN. Retrieved August 12, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  33. ^ "'King Kahuna' Closed During Probe Of Malfunction". KDKA. 2008-07-07. Retrieved 2007-07-07.
  34. ^ "Jury rules Kennywood ride didn't cause rider's spinal damage". WPXI. 2013-03-26. Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  35. ^ "Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - Google News Archive Search".
  36. ^ "Kentucky Supreme Court Reinstates $3 Million Defamation Verdict". Gannett. 2005-09-09. Retrieved 2007-06-21.
  37. ^ "Girl who had feet severed by amusement park ride, in stable condition". KARE 11. 2007-06-26. Archived from the original on 2013-01-27. Retrieved 2016-11-23. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  38. ^ "Cause of theme park accident unknown". UPI. 2007-06-23. Retrieved 2007-06-24.
  39. ^ "Kennywood closes ride, gives extra inspection". The Daily News. 2007-06-23. Archived from the original on 2009-02-02. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
  40. ^ a b "Six Flags Rides Shut Down After Accident". AP. 2007-06-23. Retrieved 2007-06-23. [dead link]
  41. ^ "Elitch's closes Tower of Doom after accident in Ky". Rocky Mountain News. 2007-06-23. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-06-23.
  42. ^ "Six Flags Maiming Victim Has One Foot Reattached". WLKY. 2007-07-03. Archived from the original on 2012-02-13. Retrieved 2007-07-04.
  43. ^ "Theme park sued over foot-severing". UPI. 2007-07-13. Retrieved 2007-07-15.
  44. ^ "Kentucky Kingdom to tear down ride that maimed girl". The Courier-Journal. 2007-11-29. Retrieved 2007-12-01. [dead link]
  45. ^ "Faulty Cable, Operator Blamed For Thrill Ride Accident". WKYT. 2008-05-30. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
  46. ^ "Kentucky Kingdom settles with Lasitter family". The Courier-Journal. 2008-11-21. Retrieved 2008-11-21. [dead link]
  47. ^ Pennlive (March 24, 2012). "Boy who died at Knoebels Amusement Park had undiagnosed heart problem, coroner says". Patriot News. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2012-03-24. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 2016-03-04 suggested (help)
  48. ^ Melissa Chan (12 August 2016). "8-Year-Old Boy Drowns in Pool at Knoebels Amusement Resort". TIME. Retrieved August 12, 2016. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  49. ^ "Man falls from Scenic Skyway at Knoebels". Ride Accidents. 2003-06-13. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
  50. ^ "Knoebels water slide brings injuries, lawsuits". Ride Accidents. 1999-03-02. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
  51. ^ "Krug Park". Roller Coaster Database. Retrieved 2007-09-08.
  52. ^ "Survivor Recounts Krug Park Tragedy". KETV. 2004. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2008-08-08.
  53. ^ Kucirek, M.L. (2004) Omaha's Krug Park Roller Coaster Accident: Exploring the Diffusion of Communication in Newspaper and Among Omaha Residents. University of Nebraska at Omaha. p 8. Retrieved 9/9/07.
  54. ^ "Krug Park". Nebraska Library Commission. Retrieved 9/9/07.
  55. ^ Rosebrock, Don (13 June 1989). "BOUNTIFUL GIRL'S DEATH NOT THE 1ST ON LAGOON'S WOODEN ROLLER COASTER". Deseret News. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  56. ^ Rosebrock, Don. "POLICE PROBING DEATH OF BOY KILLED ON LAGOON KIDDIE RIDE". Desert News. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
  57. ^ "Disturbance prompts Lake Winnie to implement tougher policie". northwestgeorgianews.com. 2003-03-23. Retrieved 2016-11-23.
  58. ^ http://amusementsafety.org/park_safety12.asp#nickelodeon
  59. ^ http://gyxe.com/schizophrenia/35-785-adv-news-camp-snoopy-visitors-trapped-upside-down-on-ride-read.shtml ADV-NEWS, Camp Snoopy visitors trapped upside down on ride. [dead link]
  60. ^ http://www.rideaccidents.com/1998.html RideAccidents.com 1998 Ride Accidents Reports and News
  61. ^ StarTribune Mall of America log chute ride reopens after malfunction November 15, 2007 [dead link]
  62. ^ "RideAccidents.com -- 1998 Accident Reports and News".
  63. ^ StarTribune MOA ride malfunctions, slightly injuring 2 adults, 2 children May 14, 2008
  64. ^ TwinCities.com Two children, two adults injured on Mall of America ride May 14, 2008
  65. ^ "Old Indiana Fun Park". Lost Enterprises. 2001–2006. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
  66. ^ Lin, Jane (2010-01-07). "Amusement Park Accident in Southern China Kills 6". The Epoch Times. Archived from the original on 2010-07-02. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
  67. ^ a b c d e "Deaths at Playland". COASTER-net.com. June 30, 2007. Retrieved May 18, 2011.
  68. ^ a b c "Woman Dies Following Rye Playland Accident". WCBS TV. 2007-06-29. Archived from the original on 2007-07-02. Retrieved 2007-06-30.
  69. ^ Peltz, Jennifer (2007-06-30). "Worker Death at Rye Playland caused by Safety Training Errors". New York: NY Daily News. Retrieved 2007-07-01.
  70. ^ "Family seeks justice in woman's death at Playland". The Journal News. 2007-08-26. Retrieved 2007-08-28.
  71. ^ "Deaths at Playland New York". COASTER-net.com. Retrieved 2009-11-24.
  72. ^ Jorge Fitz-Gibbon (2009-03-24). "Family to get $1.25M in Playland death suit". The Journal News. Archived from the original on March 30, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-31. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  73. ^ Grinberg, Emanuella (19 May 2005). "Amusement park manager found guilty of reckless homicide". Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  74. ^ "Amusement park death leads to Tennessee murder trial". 10 May 2005. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
  75. ^ Campbell, Matt; Cronkleton, Robert; Adler, Eric. "Son of Kansas lawmaker dies on Verrückt slide at Schlitterbahn water park in Kansas City, Kan". The Kansas City Star. Archived from the original on 8 Aug 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  76. ^ Steven Visser and AnneClaire Stapleton (2016-08-05). "Schlitterbahn death was due to neck injury, policy say". CNN.
  77. ^ "One killed in Siam Park flume ride mishap". Bangkok Post. 2007-10-23. Retrieved 2007-10-23.
  78. ^ "Police probe slide collapse at Thai water park". ABC News. 2008-01-13. Retrieved 2008-01-21.
  79. ^ "Storybook Land to remove Big Truck ride after three injured". The Press of Atlantic City. 2011-05-12.
  80. ^ a b c "Four slightly injured after Alabama Adventure ride capsizes". The Birmingham News. 2009-08-05. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  81. ^ "'Borderline riot' at Alabama Adventure theme park sends police in, park guests out". AL.com.
  82. ^ "Lakeville man's spinal cord bruised in water park accident". AP. 2006-05-26. Archived from the original on 2006-11-11. Retrieved 2007-01-05.
  83. ^ "Girl's injuries at Denton water park could prompt legal action". Denton Record-Chronicle. 2007-08-24. Retrieved 2007-08-27.
  84. ^ Kuensting, Laura L. MSN(R), RN, CPNP (April 2007). "Water Park Injuries: A Literature Review". Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal. 29 (2): 151–157. doi:10.1097/01.TME.0000270338.11756.08. Retrieved 2007-08-27.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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