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List of masses by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

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First page of the autograph of Mozart's Great Mass in C minor

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) composed several masses and separate mass movements (such as Kyrie).[1] Mozart composed most of his masses as a church musician in Salzburg:

  • Masses for regular Sundays or smaller feasts belonged to the missa brevis type. In the context of Mozart's masses brevis (short) applies primarily to the duration, i.e. the whole mass ceremony took no longer than three quarters of an hour. Instrumentation for such a missa brevis would usually be limited to violins, continuo (which included the organ), and trombones doubling the choral parts of alto, tenor and bass.[1]
  • The generic name for longer masses was missa longa, for more solemn and festive occasions. Additional instruments include oboes, trumpets, timpani, and for some of them also French horns. Instead of treating each part of the mass liturgy in a continuous rendition of the text, there are repeats, fugues, and subdivisions in several movements with separate orchestral introductions.[1]
  • Missa longa is usually synonymous with missa solemnis (solemn mass), however in Mozart's Salzburg (due to duration restrictions imposed by archbishop Colloredo), a hybrid brevis et solemnis (short and solemn) seems to have existed, short in duration, but nonetheless for the more festive occasions, for example including a more elaborate orchestration than the usual missa brevis.[1]

After moving to Vienna Mozart started to compose the Great Mass in C minor, with a broad orchestration including violas and 12 wind instruments. In 1791, he started writing a Requiem mass, which was unfinished when he died and was first completed by his pupil Franz Xaver Süssmayr.

Most nicknames of the masses were later additions. The attribution to Mozart has been disputed for several masses, most of these spurious works first published by Vincent Novello from 1819.

Masses and separate parts of the Mass Ordinary

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Bärenreiter
NMA 		Breitkopf & Härtel
AMA 		Novello's edition Missa
brevis
No.[2] 		Year of composition Köchel catalogue Type[1] Key Alternative
name(s) 		Place of composition and notes
Vol. 1/1 No. 1[3] Serie I No. 1[4] – 1 1768 K. 49 (47d) brevis G major Vienna[1]
Vol. 1/1 No. 2[3] Serie I No. 4[5] – 1768 K. 139 (47a) solemnis (longa) C minor Waisenhausmesse
Orphanage Mass 		Vienna[1]
Vol. 1/1 No. 3[3] Serie I No. 2[6] – 2 1769 K. 65 (61a) brevis D minor Salzburg
Vol. 1/1 No. 4[3] Serie I No. 3[7] – 1769 K. 66 solemnis (longa) C major (Pater) Dominicus
(Father) Dominicus 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/1 No. 5[3] – – 6 1773 K. 140 (235d, Anh. C1.12) brevis G major Pastoralmesse
Pastoral Mass[8] 		attribution uncertain
Vol. 1/2 No. 6[9] Serie I No. 5[10] – 1773 K. 167 solemnis (longa) C major Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis
Mass in honour of the Most Holy Trinity
Trinitatismesse 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 7[9] Serie I No. 6[11] No. 3[12] 3 1774 K. 192 (186f) brevis F major Kleine Credo Messe
Little Credo Mass 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 8[9] Serie I No. 7[13] No. 6[14] 4 1774 K. 194 (186h) brevis D major Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 9[9] Serie I No. 8[15] No. 5[16] 5 1775–1776 K. 220 (196b) brevis et solemnis C major Spatzenmesse
Sparrow Mass 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 10[9] Serie I No. 12[17] – 1776 K. 262 (246a) longa C major Longa Salzburg
Vol. 1/3 No. 11[18] Serie I No. 9[19] No. 2[20] 1776 K. 257 brevis and/or solemnis, longa C major Credo
Große Credo-Messe
Great Credo Mass 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/3 No. 12[18] Serie I No. 10[21] No. 4[22] 7 1775 K. 258 brevis (et solemnis) C major Piccolomini or Spaur Mass
(Both nicknames are misleading.)[23] 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/3 No. 13[18] Serie I No. 11[24] No. 11[25] 8 1775 or 1776 K. 259 brevis (et solemnis) C major Orgelsolo
Organ solo 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/4 No. 14[26] Serie I No. 13[27] No. 10[28] 9 1777 K. 275 (272b) brevis B-flat major Salzburg
Vol. 1/4 No. 15[26] Serie I No. 14[29] No. 1[30] 1779 K. 317 brevis (or longa) C major Krönungsmesse
Coronation Mass 		Salzburg
"shortest longa"[1]
Vol. 1/4 No. 16[26] Serie I No. 15[31] No. 14[32] 1780 K. 337 solemnis (and/or brevis) C major Missa solemnis
or Hofmesse[1]
or Missa aulica[33]
i.e. court mass 		Salzburg
Vol. 1/5[34] Serie XXIV
No. 29[35] 		– 1782–1783 K. 427 (417a) solemnis C minor Große Messe
Great Mass 		Vienna and Salzburg
incomplete
Vol. 1/6 No. 1[36] Serie III
No. 1[36] 		1766 K. 33 Kyrie F major Paris[2][1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 2[37] Serie III
No. 2[37] 		1772 K. 89 (73k) Kyrie G major contrapuntal study[1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 3[37] – 1772 K. 90 Kyrie D minor contrapuntal study[1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 4[38] – 1772 K. 223 (166e) Hosanna G major contrapuntal study[1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 7[39] Serie III
No. 3[39] 		K. 322 (296a/b/Anh. 12) Kyrie E-flat major fragment, completed by Maximilian Stadler
Vol. 1/6 No. 9[40] Serie III
No. 4[40] 		K. 323 (Anh. 13) Kyrie C major fragment, completed by Maximilian Stadler
Vol. 1/6 No. 13[41] Serie III
No. 5[41] 		1780–1781?
1788? 		K. 341 (368a) Kyrie D minor Munich[2] or Vienna?[1]
large orchestra[1]
Vol. 2/1[42] Serie XXIV
No. 1[43] 		No. 15[44] 1791 K. 626 Requiem D minor Vienna
most often published with the completions by Süssmayr
Serie XXIV
No. 33 		– 1771 (?) K. 116 (90a) brevis F major only the Kyrie is complete[45]
reattributed to Leopold Mozart[1][46]
Serie XXIV
No.28 		– 1771 (?) K. 115 (166d) brevis C major incomplete[47]
reattributed to Leopold Mozart[1][48]
– – No. 12[49] around 1800? K. Anh. 232 (Anh. C1.04) G major Twelfth Mass[50] attributed to Pichl in one source, Wenzel Müller in others[51][52]
– – No. 7[53] K. Anh. 233 B-flat major attributed to Süssmayr by Mozart's widow[52]
– – No. 8[53] K. Anh. 234 (Anh. C1.08) C major attributed to Franz Gleißner[52]
– – No. 9[53] K. Anh. 235 (Anh. C1.09) G major attributed to Franz Gleißner[52]
– – No. 13[54] K. Anh. 186 E-flat major spurious[52]
– – No. 16[54] K. Anh. 186 E-flat major spurious[52]
– – No. 17[54] K. Anh. 185 C major spurious[52]
– – No. 18[53] K. Anh. 237 Requiem brevis D major short Requiem not by Mozart[52]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Cliff Eisen, Simon P. Keefe (eds.) The Cambridge Mozart Encyclopedia. Cambridge University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-511-13767-9. ISBN 0-511-13767-2. ISBN 978-0-521-85659-1. ISBN 0-521-85659-0. pp. 271–280
  2. ^ a b c David Humphreys. "Sacred Music" in The Mozart Compendium: A Guide to Mozart's Life and Music, H. C. Robbins Landon (ed.). New York: Schirmer; London: Thames and Hudson. 1990. pp. 312–314.
  3. ^ a b c d e Walter Senn, |NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer bericht (1977) p. a/1
  4. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/5
  5. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/13
  6. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/58
  7. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/69
  8. ^ VDKC concert calendar
  9. ^ a b c d e Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/1
  10. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/5
  11. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/18
  12. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 177–179
  13. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/30
  14. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 180–181
  15. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/38
  16. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 204–205
  17. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/53
  18. ^ a b c Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/1
  19. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/5
  20. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 225–226
  21. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/26
  22. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 226–227
  23. ^ Hildegard Herrmann-Schneider: "Rätsel der internationalen Mozart-Forschung gelöst" Archived 2013-12-02 at the Wayback Machine (June 2007) (in German)
  24. ^ Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/44
  25. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 228–229
  26. ^ a b c Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/1
  27. ^ Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/5
  28. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 237–238
  29. ^ Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/25
  30. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 263–264
  31. ^ Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/45
  32. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 276–277
  33. ^ David Ian Black. Mozart and the Practice of Sacred Music, 1781-91[permanent dead link‍] (Ph. D. thesis). Harvard University, 2007. p. 239
  34. ^ Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/5: Masses vol. 5, Kritischer Bericht (1992) p. e/1
  35. ^ Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/5: Masses vol. 5, Kritischer Bericht (1992) p. e/5
  36. ^ a b Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/5
  37. ^ a b c Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/8
  38. ^ Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/10
  39. ^ a b Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/17
  40. ^ a b Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/23
  41. ^ a b Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/32
  42. ^ Dietrich Berke, Walburga Litschauer and Christoph Wolff, NMA I/1/Abt. 2/1: Requiem, Kritischer Bericht (2007) p. 3
  43. ^ Dietrich Berke, Walburga Litschauer and Christoph Wolff, NMA I/1/Abt. 2/1: Requiem, Kritischer Bericht (2007) p. 15
  44. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 491–494
  45. ^ Köchel 1862, p. 118
  46. ^ Kyrie (attributed to Leopold Mozart): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
  47. ^ Köchel 1862, pp. 117–118
  48. ^ Willi Schulze (ed.) Missa brevis C-Dur, KV 115, für Chor SATB und Orgel. Stuttgart: Carus, 1983. [1]
  49. ^ Köchel 1862, p. 521
  50. ^ Mark Everist. ″'Mozart's' 'Twelfth Mass': Case Closed?" in Mozart's Ghosts: Haunting the Halls of Musical Culture. Oxford University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-538917-3 pp. 129–156
  51. ^ Mass in G major (attributed to Wenzel Müller): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
  52. ^ a b c d e f g h George Grove, A Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Vol. 3 (1907), pp. 313–314
  53. ^ a b c d Köchel 1862, p. 522
  54. ^ a b c Köchel 1862, p. 516

Sources

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