Stoney language

Stoney
Stoney
Alberta Assiniboine
Nakoda
Native to	Canada
Ethnicity	Nakota: Stoney
Native speakers	3,200 (2011 census)
Language family	Siouan Western Siouan Mississippi Valley Siouan Dakotan Stoney; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	sto
Glottolog	ston1242
ELP	Stoney
	The location of Stoney / Nakoda

Stoney, also called Nakoda or Alberta Assiniboine, is a Dakotan Siouan language of the Northern Plains, spoken by about three thousand people in Alberta. It is closely related to and shares distinctive features with Assiniboine, though it is hardly more intelligible with it than it is with Dakota Sioux.

Phonology

Vowels	Nasal Vowels	Consonants
a	ã	b
e	ĩ	tʃ
i	ũ	d
o		g
u		h
		dʒ
		kh
		m
		n
		ph
		θ ~ s
		s ~
		th
		w
		j
		ð~ z
		z~ʒ

Word Set (includes numbers)

One — Wazhi
Two — Nûm
Three — Yamnî
Four — Ktusa
Five — Zaptâ
Man — Wîca
Woman — Wîyâ
Sun — Wa
Moon — Hâwi
Water — Mini

Phonetic differences from other Dakotan languages

The following table shows some of the main phonetic differences between the two Nakota languages (Stoney and Assiniboine) and the three dialects (Lakota, Yankton-Yanktonai and Santee-Sisseton) of the Sioux language, which is closely related to, but no longer mutually intelligible with either Stoney or Assiniboine.^[2]^[3]

Sioux					Assiniboine	Stoney
Lakota	Western Dakota		Eastern Dakota				gloss
	Yanktonai	Yankton	Sisseton	Santee
Lakȟóta	Dakȟóta		Dakhóta		Nakhóta	Nakhóda	self-designation
lowáŋ	dowáŋ		dowáŋ		nowáŋ		to sing
ló	dó		dó		nó		assertion
čísčila	čísčina		čístina		čúsina	čúsin	small
hokšíla	hokšína		hokšína	hokšída	hokšína	hokšín	boy
gnayáŋ	gnayáŋ	knayáŋ	hnayáŋ		knayáŋ	hna	to deceive
glépa	gdépa	kdépa	hdépa		knépa	hnéba	to vomit
kigná	kigná	kikná	kihná		kikná	gihná	to soothe
slayá	sdayá		sdayá		snayá	snayá	to grease
wičháša	wičháša		wičhášta		wičhášta	wičhá	man
kibléza	kibdéza		kibdéza		kimnéza	gimnéza	to sober up
yatkáŋ	yatkáŋ		yatkáŋ		yatkáŋ	yatkáŋ	to drink
hé	hé		hé		žé	žé	that

References

^ Stoney at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Ullrich, Jan (2008). New Lakota Dictionary (Incorporating the Dakota Dialects of Yankton-Yanktonai and Santee-Sisseton). Lakota Language Consortium. p. 4. ISBN 0-9761082-9-1. To be precise, Ullrich states that Stoney "is completely unintelligible to Lakota and Dakota speakers", while Assiniboine is not comprehensible to them, "unless they have been exposed to it extensively" (p. 2).
^ Parks, D. R.; DeMallie, R. J. (1992). "Sioux, Assiniboine, and Stoney Dialects: a Classification". Anthropological Linguistics. 34 (1–4).

External links

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[e18-1] Stoney at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[2] Ullrich, Jan (2008). New Lakota Dictionary (Incorporating the Dakota Dialects of Yankton-Yanktonai and Santee-Sisseton). Lakota Language Consortium. p. 4. ISBN 0-9761082-9-1. To be precise, Ullrich states that Stoney "is completely unintelligible to Lakota and Dakota speakers", while Assiniboine is not comprehensible to them, "unless they have been exposed to it extensively" (p. 2).

[PD-3] Parks, D. R.; DeMallie, R. J. (1992). "Sioux, Assiniboine, and Stoney Dialects: a Classification". Anthropological Linguistics. 34 (1–4).

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