Talk:Kabaw Valley

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Zo[edit]

Thangjohn added the sentence It was traditionally the homeland of the Thadou-Kuki people (Known as Chin/Zo in Burma) before other ethnic groups began settling there. I removed that sentence, as in reading the sources I found no support for the Zo being the first settlers in the Kabaw Valley. It is generally accepted that the Zo moved south from southern China into the area where they are now. If anyone feels strongly about the Zo being the first settlers in the Kabaw Valley, please do not re-add such a statement without a citation to a reliable source. --Bejnar (talk) 00:25, 5 August 2012 (UTC)[reply]

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History[edit]

I removed a huge pile of WP:POV junk that was masquerading as "History". Here is a link to the sources that mention "Kabaw valley" on archive.org. These are all completely free to read, download and search. Please use solid WP:HISTRS for writing about history. Any unsourced content, and WP:POV claims, will be ruthlessly deleted. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 20:18, 23 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Added back history content with sources from archive.orgꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ) 07:55, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Proposed content[edit]

History

Kabaw valley, historically, was the border region between Awa ( in present Burma ) and the Muneepoor[1]( Earlier known as Kangleipak or Meitrabak).King Kiyamba (1467–1508), son of King Khomba, was known as the "Conqueror of Kabaw Valley", as he along with his friend, Chaopha Khe Khomba, the king of Pong Kingdom of Pong (Shan Kingdom) of present Myanmar completed the conquest of Kubo valley in year 1475[2] The valley is within the territory of Manipur as late as 1852[3] It also need to be reminded that according to Treaty of Yandabo[4], Ningthee turel Ningthee River was no doubt the natural boundary between Manipur and Burma.[5][clarification needed].There was also an agreement between British and Manipur government in 1834 that the valley on lease to Burma if under any circumstance revert to Manipur,the monthly allowance shall cease.[6]

References

  1. ^ Tassin, Jean-Baptiste; Pemberton, R. Boileau, Map of the territory of Muneepoor, with part of the Kubo valley and Burmese frontier, by captn R. Boileau Pemberton., Calcutta: J.B. Tassin, lith., OCLC 494924053, retrieved 2020-11-24
  2. ^ Dave R.k. (1947). Manipur (lncluding Whos Who). New Delhi.,surya Publishers. pp. 7–8.
    P.7:" In the year 1475,Ryaamba succeeded in formally annexing Kubbo valley (now in Burma) to Manipur. The relationship between the kingdom of Pong and Manipur were cordial during the reign of Ryaamba."
  3. ^ Johnstone, James (2002). Manipur and the Naga hills. Cornell University Library. New Delhi : Gyan Pub. House. pp. 11–23. ISBN 978-81-212-0121-6.
    P.23:"The loneliness,the surroimding savages, and the ill-feeling excited by the Kubo valley (which so late as 1 852 is placed in Manipur, in maps published in Calcutta)"
  4. ^ Cocks, Samuel William (1919). A short history of Burma. Cornell University Library. London : Macmillan & Co., Ltd.
    P:117"left to Major Burney for decision was the dispute between Burma and Manipur for the possession of the Kale-Kabaw valley. During the war Gambhir Sing had been paid by the British government to maintain troops in Manipur,and had enjoyed the services of two British ofl&cers. On the conclusion of peace he was informed that he must carry on the government at his own expense and without assistance. He had, at the end of the war, received the Kale-Kabaw valley as part of his kingdom"
  5. ^ Mackenzie, Alexander (1884). History Of The Relations Of The Government With The Hill Tribes Of The North-east Frontier Of Bengal. pp. 175–176.
    P:176"from the signing of the Treaty of Yandaboo in February 1826. The Commissioner in Sylhet,in a letter dated 19th April 1826, remarked that the Ningthee was no doubt the original and natural boundary between Manipur and Burma,and that, if the Burmese were permitted to cross it, it would be difficult to define a line of demarcation that would preclude the possibility of future dispute."
  6. ^ Brown R (1874). Statistical Account Of Manipur. Supritendent Of Government Press, Calcutta.
    P: "All the provisions of the above treaty, with the exception of the last, remain in force.The only other arrangement carried out between the British and Manipur Governments in the form of a treaty relates tc the handing over of the Kubo Valley to the Burmese, and the payment ot the monthly allowance in lieu. This arrangement bears date 25th January 1834, and stipulates that, should the Kubo Valley from any circumstances again revert to Manipur, the allowance shall cease."

Lease?[edit]

Luwanglinux Can you tell me where the sources says the Kubow Vally was given on "lease" (in the last sentence)? -- Kautilya3 (talk) 18:28, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Kautilya3 It was actually a choice of word not to indulge myself in copyright text problem ,many historical records mentioned the valley was handed over to burma in 1834 in lieu of monthly payment made to Manipur as I have mentioned in the historical section.If the valley was never considered Manipur territory there would not be needing of such payment right?.ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ) 18:45, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]
Please make sure you indent posts and sign them when you finish. See HELP:TALK.
"Lease" has a specific legal and formal meaning. You cannot use it unless it is used by a reliable source. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 19:34, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

James Johnstone[edit]

You have cited a reprint of the James Johnstone's book rather than the original. (And you spuriously added "Cornell University Library" as "others". "Others" is meant for the authors of the book, not a library.) The original can be found here. We see that the full title is My Experiences with in Manipur and Naga Hills. And, that it was published in 1893. The sentence you quoted is not in the main book. It is in the "introductory memoir", written by somebody else.

All said and done, it says that Kabaw Valley was placed in Manipur in maps published in Calcutta in 1852. It does not say that the valley was in Manipur in 1852. So, your statement is not actually in the source. Can you find a more accurate statement? -- Kautilya3 (talk) 18:42, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I choose own word so that I may not be in conflict with copyright problem ,if you prefer you can add the original quote from James Johnstoneꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ) 18:48, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]
My question is what is an accurate statement? When did Kabaw Valley come under the control of Burma? -- Kautilya3 (talk) 19:36, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Kautilya3: Kabaw valley come under control of Burma in 1834 as mentioned in article sources from Alexander Meckanzie's work *Sir Robert Reid (1942). History Of Frontier Areas Bordering On Assam.Controversy centred chiefly round the Kabaw Valley in its bear- ing on the Burma-Manipur frontier, the dispute regarding which was kept up till modern times, though it may now be regarded as closed.Mackenzie deals with this matter at pages 175 and following of his book. The important dates arc as follows. In 1834 an agreement was reached with the then Government of Burma by which the boun- dary between Burma and Manipur was placed at the eastern foot of the 92 THE MANIPITR STATE mountains on the west of the plain of the Kabaw Valley, in other words the valley was ceded lo Burma. Manipur was granted com- pensation at the rate of Rs.500 a month on account of the loss of terri- tory. This agreement received the sanction of the Government of India.ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ) 20:07, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Ok, then two questions arise:
  • If Kabaw Valley came under the control of Burma in 1834, why did you add to the lead that Jawaharlal Nehru government "handed it" to Burma in 1952?
  • Manipur was granted compensation by whom? Did Burma pay it? Why did it pay? -- Kautilya3 (talk) 20:14, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]
Yes the burmese paid compensation to Manipur regularly and through India after 1949.Jawaharlal Nehru stopped the compensation payment thats why I added it,you can find it from the sources I mentionedꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ)
You have not yet provided a source for the claim that the Burmese paid compensation. (I also note that your addition to the lead makes no mention of compensation, and say something quite different.) -- Kautilya3 (talk) 20:45, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]
Is this not a reliable sources I quoted word similar to this source[1][2]ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ)
No, Sudhakar Bhat is not a scholarly source. Nevertheless, it says that the British government undertook pay compensation, a fact you never mentioned either in the content or during the discussion. You even claimed that Burma "leased" the territory!
Now, if Burma agreed to pay compensation after the Transfer of Power, we need to know how that was done. What agreement enabled such payments? Bhat is too weak for this issue. And, Brown does not address it at all. So, at the moment, all you can say is that the British paid compensation to Manipur. It was an arrangement between the British and Manipur. Burma was not a party to it. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 21:06, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ BHAT, SUDHAKAR (1975). THE CHALLENGE OF THE NORTHEAST. N.A. pp. 51–54.
    P-51:"The valley was made part of Burma by the British in 1834. As compensation for the loss of the territory, the British Government undertook to pay to the Ruler of Manipur a sum equivalent to Rs. 6,270 per annum. After the transfer of power,the Government of Burma continued to pay the amount to the Government of India which, in turn, passed on the amount to Manipur State."
  2. ^ Brown R (1874). Statistical Account Of Manipur. Supritendent Of Government Press, Calcutta. pp. 73–74.
    P-74: "All the provisions of the above treaty, with the exception of the last,remain in force.The only other arrangement carried out between the British and Manipur Governments in the form of a treaty relates tc the handing over of the Kubo Valley to the Burmese, and the payment ot the monthly allowance in lieu. This arrangement bears date 25th January 1834, and stipulates that, should the Kubo Valley from any circumstances again revert to Manipur, the allowance shall cease."

Clarification not provided[edit]

I add a tag "Clarification needed" and asked whether Kabaw Valley was in Manipur's possession for all the 400 years from the first acquisitin. You have not yet answerd it. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 21:08, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The kabaw valley was considered Manipur's possesion until Treaty of Yandabo,and its a fact..what clarification do you need?,there had been many war but the valley was considered as Myanmar's only after 1834ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ)
Such claims need WP:RS. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 21:32, 24 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]
this is the WP:RS,presently Ningthee river(as mentioned in historical contents) is also in Myanmar[1]ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ (ꯆꯥ)

Saying that it was a "natural frontier" in somebody's opinion doesn't establish contiuous possession. You are repeatedly writing one thing while the sources say something else. This is called WP:SYNTHESIS or, more plainly, source misrepresentation. If you persist with it, you will end up at ARBIPA sanctions enforcement. So you really need to raise your game. I am sure you are clever enough to figure it out.

Here is a scholarly source:

For eight years the matter formed a subject of controversy between the Governments of India and Burma. The authorities in Calcutta supported the claim of Gambhir Singh until, in 1832, Major Burney submitted a confidential report in favour of the Burmese claim. In his letter dated July 5, 1832, he pointed out that the disputed valley had been in possession of the Burmese Kings since 1370 A.D.,[3] and that for 12 years prior to the outbreak of the late war the Burmese had enjoyed uninterrupted possession. Lord William Bentinck thereupon decided to return the valley to Burma. The Supreme Government wrote to the Resident at Ava on March 16, 1833, “.... the Supreme Government still adheres to the opinion that the Ningthee formed the proper boundary between Ava and Manipur; but that in consideration for His Majesty’s (i.e., Burmese King’s) feelings and wishes, and in the spirit of amity and good will subsisting between the two countries, the Supreme Government consents to the restoration of the Kubo valley to Ava, and to the establishment of the boundary line at the foot of the Yoomadoung hills”. The transfer took place on January 9, 1834. Gambhir Singh accepted the decision of the British Government, ‘but neither he nor his descendants ever willingly acquiesced in the cession’ of what they considered to be their ancestral territory. In order to compensate Manipur for this loss the Governor-General agreed to give the Raja a monthly stipend of Rs. 500. This stipend is still enjoyed by the Raja of Manipur.[1] Gambhir Singh died in 1834.[2]

which completely blows up all your theories. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 02:56, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Here is also another scholarly source which stated exactly in favour that the it was recognised as burmese after 1833.Claim can be made by anybody you deleted the history section written by other editor(not me)[1] which stated history behind your claim.My point is about in legal document and agreement or treaty,are you saying content and quote of Treaty of Yandabo is a hoax!? Marjit the one claimed by Burmese is a Manipur King,there is high doubt if he really gave the valley to Burma and it is one sided too,a disputed land need to be consulted from both side. THE TREATY OP YANDABO 117 left to Major Burney for decision was the dispute between Burma and Manipur for the possession of the Kale-Kabaw valley. During the war Gambhir Sing had been paid by the British government to maintain troops in Manipur, and had enjoyed the services of two British ofl&cers. On the conclusion of peace he was informed that he must carry on the government at his own expense and without assistance. He had, at the end of the war, received the Kale-Kabaw valley as part of his kingdom, but the Burmans were able to prove to Major Burney that Mar jit had ceded the valley to Burma in 1813. The government of India allowed the justice of the Burmese claim, and the Kale- Kabaw valley was recognised as Burmese territory in 1833.[3]

References

  1. ^ Mackenzie, Alexander (1884). History Of The Relations Of The Government With The Hill Tribes Of The North-east Frontier Of Bengal. pp. 175–176.
    P:176"from the signing of the Treaty of Yandaboo in February 1826. The Commissioner in Sylhet,in a letter dated 19th April 1826, remarked that the Ningthee was no doubt the original and natural boundary between Manipur and Burma,and that, if the Burmese were permitted to cross it, it would be difficult to define a line of demarcation that would preclude the possibility of future dispute."
  2. ^ Banerjee, A. C. (1946) [1943], The Eastern Frontier of British India, 1784–1826 (Second ed.), Calcutta: A. Mukherjee, pp. 492–493 – via archive.org
  3. ^ Cocks, Samuel William (1919), A short history of Burma, Cornell University Library, London : Macmillan & Co., Ltd., pp. 116–188 – via archive.org

Questions[edit]

What was the protracted dispute (in the above sections) all about? I am planning to rewrite this article and trying to reconstruct a timeline over here. TrangaBellam (talk) 22:05, 20 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]

For one, I cannot understand why Burma was paying the compensation (for a few years) after 1947, as claimed by multiple local academics and politicians. The 1834 contract (linked in my chronology) was between Manipur and British Government; Burma was not even a party. So, when did they arrive on the scene? TrangaBellam (talk) 22:11, 20 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
When did the compensation stop? Are relevant records even disclosed? Many are blaming Nehru but obviously, without any evidence apart from hearsay. Kautilya3, any ideas? TrangaBellam (talk) 08:52, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
An article by one Indramani (quasi-credible, works at the State-Archive; presented on this topic at Manipur University) writes,

On 25th Nov. 1952, Shri L. Jugeshore Singh a member of Parliament from Manipur asked Dr. Katju, Minister of State for Home affairs and States about steps taken by the Government of India for the reversion of the Kabaw Valley. He also asked if the Govenment of India was still paying the compensatory to the Government of Manipur.

Mr. Katju replied that in 1834 the British Government decided to restore the Kabaw Valley to the King of Burma. As compensation for the loss of territory the British undertook to pay to the Ruler of Manipur a sum of Rs. 500 sicca per month which worked to Rs. 6270 per annum.

He further told that when Burma was separated this compensation became liability of the Government of Burma. After the transfer of power the amount was given to the Government of India who in their turn passed on the amount to the Manipur State. On the merger of Manipur State with the Indian union the assets of Manipur State Darbar became the assets of the Government of India. The amount which the Government of Burma were continuing to pay was therefore credited annually to central revenue.

Shri L.J. Singh also asked if the Maharaja of Manipur requested the Government of India for reversion of the Kabow Valley to Manipur after the India Independence Act, 1947 was passed. Dr. Katju replied that he did make some representations but the Government of India thought that his case was very weak.

This should have taken place over the house-floor and (thus) noted in the proceedings. I will try to verify this. (Another point is that this sum should have been 12*500 = 6000 sicca per annum. The additional 270 is not clear. Sometime in the 1850s, 6370 sicca were noted to be paid but again, without any explanation.)TrangaBellam (talk) 11:48, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
Indeed true (p.760, q.645). Katju also adds The Kabow Val­ley is now an integral part of Bunna and the question of asking the Burma Government to transfer the territory to India does not arise, which isn't exactly surprising. TrangaBellam (talk) 12:23, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
It seems that the 12-point-Agreement (signed on 1st July 1947 between Manipur and Assam Governor on behalf of the Dominion of India) concerned with specifics of future payments as to Kabaw. Also, the rumor of Nehru having done away with compensation stems from a book Kanglasha Amasung Matam gee Manipur by Moirangthem Irabot. The April 7-13, 1985 issue of the Illustrated Weekly of India contains something relevant. TrangaBellam (talk) 13:35, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
The 12-Point-Agreement merely noted that the compensation was a to-discuss issue with Union. TrangaBellam (talk) 14:01, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
The Poppy is Also a Flower, Kalyan Mukherjee, Illustrated Weekly of India, April 7-13, 1985, p. 16 notes, For India, Tamu is not prohibited area. As early as 1953, the Nehru-U Nu Accord met Indo-Burma's claims on that 100-square-kms rice-rich Kabo valley, halfway: 20 kilometres on either side were declared a freeway. Tamu, which is situated in the Kabo valley and is as dear to the Manipuris as it is to the Burmese, is totally accessible. It takes less than two hours on foot from Moreh. What is this accord? TrangaBellam (talk) 16:47, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
TrangaBellam, it is called the Free Movement Regime (FMR) [2]. In the current state of the arrangement, the border people of the two sides are allowed to travel up to 16 km on the other side of the border, passing through three designated crossing points, There is an Agreement on Land Border Crossing signed on 11 May 2018. (It is a revision of the previous arrangements existing since independence.) -- Kautilya3 (talk) 10:24, 2 November 2023 (UTC)[reply]

The best I know is the source:

In 1946, the stipend/compensation was still being paid (by the British Government). It is news to me that Burma was paying it. I was given to understand by Manipuri sources that independent India stopped the practice, probably not reliable. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 15:22, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]

  • Have read this source. Do you know what kind of primary sources might record this annual payment from Burma to India (c. 1947-52)? I wonder why this (apparently peculiar) transaction is yet to catch the fancy of India's many frontier-historians. TrangaBellam (talk) 15:42, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]

A pro-Manipuri source is:

But it is pure opinion and completely unusable for us. -- Kautilya3 (talk) 15:34, 21 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]

  • K3, check out this recent article — Ningthouja, Malem (2021), Yamahata, Chosein; Seekins, Donald M.; Takeda, Makiko (eds.), "Disputed Pillars at the Margin of History: Manipur-Myanmar Boundary and India's Strategic Silence", Social Transformations in India, Myanmar, and Thailand: Volume I : Social, Political and Ecological Perspectives, Singapore: Springer, pp. 377–396, doi:10.1007/978-981-15-9616-2_21, ISBN 978-981-15-9616-2. TrangaBellam (talk) 14:10, 22 June 2021 (UTC)[reply]
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