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Tephrosia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the plant genus. For the moth genus, see Ectropis.
"Needhamia" redirects here. For Needhamia R. Br. 1810, see Needhamiella. For Needhamia Cass. 1825, see Narvalina.

Tephrosia
Tephrosia elongata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Millettieae
Genus: Tephrosia
Pers. 1807
Species

See text.

Synonyms[1][2][3]
  • Apodynomene E.Mey. (1836)
  • Catacline Edgew. (1847), nom. provis.
  • Caulocarpus Baker f. (1926)
  • Colinil Adans. (1763)
  • Cracca L. (1753) (non Benth.), nom. rej.
  • Crafordia Raf. (1814)
  • Erebinthus Mitch. (1748)
  • Kiesera Reinw. ex Blume (1823)
  • Lupinophyllum Hutch. (1967)
  • Macronyx Dalzell (1850)
  • Needhamia Scop. (1777)
  • Orobos St.-Lag. (1880)
  • Paratephrosia Domin (1912)
  • Pogonostigma Boiss. (1843)
  • Reineria Moench (1802)
  • Seemannantha Alef. (1862)
  • Xiphocarpus C.Presl (1831)

Tephrosia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It is widespread in both the Eastern and Western Hemisphere, where it is found in tropical and warm-temperate regions.[4]

The generic name is derived from the Greek word τεφρος (tephros), meaning "ash-colored," referring to the greyish tint given to the leaves by their dense trichomes.[5] Hoarypea is a common name for plants in this genus,[6] along with goat's rue and devil's shoestring.[7]

Uses

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Many species in the genus are poisonous, particularly to fish, for their high concentration of rotenone. The black seeds of Tephrosia species have historically been used by indigenous cultures as fish toxins.[7][8][9][10] In the last century, several Tephrosia species have been studied in connection with the use of rotenone as an insecticide and pesticide.

Tephrosia vogelii is also one of the many beneficial nitrogen-fixing legumes that can be used in a permaculture forest gardening system as a source of living 'chop and drop' mulch.[11]

Species

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Species include:[12]

Hybrids

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Hybrids include:[12]

  • Tephrosia × intermedia (Small) G.L. Nesom & Zarucchi

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Tephrosia Pers. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  2. ^ "Genus: Tephrosia Pers". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Archived from the original on 2014-01-04. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  3. ^ Pedley L. (2014). "Systematics of Tephrosia Pers. (Fabaceae: Millettiae) in Queensland: 1. A summary of the classification of the genus, with the recognition of two new species allied to T. varians (F.M.Bailey) C.T.White". Austrobaileya. 9 (2): 229–243. JSTOR 43869005.
  4. ^ Weakley, Alan (2015). "Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States".
  5. ^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Vol. IV R-Z. CRC Press. p. 2642. ISBN 978-0-8493-2678-3.
  6. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Tephrosia​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
  7. ^ a b Randolph, Vance (2012-07-31). Ozark Magic and Folklore. Courier Corporation. ISBN 978-0-486-12296-0.
  8. ^ U.S. Food & Drug Administration (March 2006). "Results for search term "tephrosia"". FDA Poisonous Plant Database. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Retrieved 2008-01-21.[permanent dead link]
  9. ^ Hugh Scott, In the High Yemen, London 1942, p. 238, note C.
  10. ^ NTFlora Northern Territory Flora online: Flora of the Darwin Region: Fabaceae. Retrieved 10 June 2018
  11. ^ Koigi, Bob (November 2011). "Tephrosia Leaf Offers Low-Cost Tick Protection". New Agriculturalist.
  12. ^ a b The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species, retrieved January 14, 2017
  13. ^ SID.ir | بررسی اثر سیتوتوکسیک دو گیاه اسپرس درختی نقره ای (Taverniera spartea DC.) و نیلکی (Tephrosia persica Boiss.) بر رده های سلولی سرطان انسانی . (2022). Sid.ir. Retrieved 12 May 2022, from https://www.sid.ir/Fa/Plan/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=953
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