The Time Tunnel

"Time Tunnel" redirects here. For the Living Colour album, see Time Tunnel (video).

The Time Tunnel
Created by	Irwin Allen
Starring	James Darren Robert Colbert Whit Bissell John Zaremba Lee Meriwether
Country of origin	United States
No. of episodes	30
Production
Running time	approx. 52 minutes
Production companies	Irwin Allen Productions Kent Productions 20th Century Fox Television
Original release
Network	ABC
Release	September 9, 1966 – April 7, 1967

The Time Tunnel is a 1966–1967 U.S. color science fiction TV series. The show was created and produced by Irwin Allen, his third science fiction television series. The show's main theme was Time Travel Adventure. The Time Tunnel was released by 20th Century Fox and broadcast on ABC. The show ran for one season of 30 episodes. Reruns currently air on AmericanLife TV Network and on Hulu. A pilot for a new series was produced in 2002, although it was not picked up.

The series

Summary

Project Tic-Toc is a top secret U.S. government effort to build an experimental time machine known as "the Time Tunnel". When the costs of the project approach those of the entire U.S. space program, United States Senator Leroy Clark (Gary Merrill) launches an investigation of the project. The Senator thinks that the tunnel has cost too much money for too little reward. At his request the Senator is allowed to visit the project base and given a tour. Once he reaches the central control room the Senator explains his complaints to the project heads. The Senator then says that he wishes to close down the project as a waste of time and money that has not worked.

A key Time Tunnel scientist, young physicist Dr. Anthony Newman (James Darren), turns the machine on and sends himself back in time in an attempt to prove that the Time Tunnel project funds were not wasted. In so doing, Newman becomes "lost in time". The Time Tunnel top personnel can see through the Tunnel that Newman is aboard the soon-to-sink Titanic. They can also see that he cannot escape before the sinking, and they cannot retrieve him.

In an attempt to rescue his younger friend, another key Tic-Toc scientist, Dr. Douglas Phillips (Robert Colbert) enters the Time Tunnel as well, carrying a newspaper describing the sinking to occur. Unconvinced, the captain of the Titanic throws the newspaper overboard.

However, the system was still being developed and the tunnel operations staff are never able to bring them home. As the series progresses, the two time travelers are swung from one period in history to another, allowing episodes to be set in the past and future. Each episode begins with the following narration:

"Two American scientists are lost in the swirling maze of past and future ages, during the first experiments on America's greatest and most secret project, the Time Tunnel. Tony Newman and Doug Phillips now tumble helplessly toward a new fantastic adventure, somewhere along the infinite corridors of time."

By luck (or lack thereof) the travelers, Tony and Doug, frequently found themselves thrown onto the precipice of major historical events: on board the Titanic before it hits the iceberg, in Pearl Harbor before the Japanese attack, on Krakatoa before it erupts, and so forth. They would try to warn people about the event, or try to prevent it from happening, while the Time Tunnel crew (led by two scientists and a military general), who once gaining a "fix" can view through the Tunnel the action taking place in the different time, would try to rescue the travelers before the historical calamity befell them too. Sometimes, when rescue was impossible at the time, the Time Tunnel scientists would often try to help Tony and Doug in other ways or, in some cases, communicate with them whenever possible. The final episode provides no resolution, as the series was initially scheduled to continue into a second season.

The Novikov self-consistency principle was anticipated by the tacit understanding of the Time Tunnel scientists that recorded history could not be altered although in episode four ("The Day The Sky Fell In") the time travelers make it their concern to see to it that young Tony Newman escapes being killed in the Pearl Harbor bombing in order to prevent the adult Tony from ceasing to exist. Especially the Bible is held to be sacrosanct as recorded history in episode 20 ("The Walls of Jericho"): General Kirk reassures Drs. Swain and MacGregor that Doug and Tony will survive the mortal dangers of being in Jericho.

The Time Tunnel's time travel model operates with the assumption that the past, the present, and the future are all alike continuing to exist in a manner to permit the random placement of a time traveler into any point of time. When Senator Clark sees an image of the Titanic on the image screen in the course of episode one, he is told by Dr. Swain that he is seeing "the living past," and Althea Hall is told by Tony Newman that the past and the future are the same. The Time Tunnel itself is like a long corridor that stretches through the time continuum with portals that allow access to any moment in history past, present, or future.

Despite the tacit understanding that recorded history cannot be altered, sometimes Doug and Tony’s actions are essential in causing history to unfold as it did, and the lives of individual people could be influenced by the actions of the Time Tunnel time travelers and scientists. In episode twenty-six ("Attack of the Barbarians") Marco Polo tells Doug Phillips that Tony and the Princess Serit can fall in love with each other despite their being from different times because they can then and there see and touch each other. Dr. Ann MacGregor points out to Gen. Kirk and Dr. Swain that history itself might allow for Tony and Serit to marry.

The Time Tunnel is a percursor to later TV series such as Quantum Leap, Stargate SG1, and Sliders. Although one of them did not directly deal with time travel on a weekly basis, it employs time travel episodes and concepts.

The base for Project Tic-Toc was huge and located underground in the Arizona desert, with no visible entry. The only way in was a large secret panel; when it opened a car could quickly go through the entrance. Once the panel closed all anyone could see was ordinary desert. Tic-Toc base was a futuristic series of complexes 800 floors deep and employing over 36,000 people ("12 thousand people in each of those complexes"). It was under the command of Lt. General Heywood Kirk (Whit Bissell). The center of the base was The Time Tunnel control room where the tunnel was located. In charge of operating the Tunnel were Dr. Ann McGregor (Lee Meriwether) and Dr. Raymond Swain (John Zaremba). The date at which it was operating was stated as 1968, which was two years into the future for the initial TV audience.

Production

The production basis of the show was the large number of period dramas made by the 20th Century Fox film company. Even black-and-white shots of the Titanic sinking were tinted to fit them into this color production. Only a few actors were costumed for a given episode, interspersed with cuts of great masses of people similarly dressed from the original features. The plots were not noted for historical accuracy, nor was continuity given much concern: in "Rendezvous With Yesterday" (episode 1) Tony states that he was born in 1938, but in "The Day The Sky Fell In" (episode 4), he states he was 7 years old when Pearl Harbor was bombed, and so would have been born in 1934.

Certain episodes featured aliens who wore costumes and carried props originally created for other Irwin Allen television and movie productions. Prop sets were similarly re-used. Only in episodes 18, 24, 28, 29, and 30 did aliens appear; only the second and third of these were set in the far future.

The Titanic-based premiere episode, "Rendezvous with Yesterday" (a re-edit of the original series pilot), was well written, and featured good production values, albeit with an error in that the Captain Smith of the Titanic was called "Malcolm" rather than "Edward" or "EJ". The names of the secondary officers are also fictitious and do not reflect the actual officers of the Titanic, though Walter Lord's best-selling book A Night to Remember had been available for nine years.

The prop computer looked realistic because it was actually an array of memory modules from the Air Force's recently-decommissioned SAGE computer.

The theme for The Time Tunnel was composed by John Williams (credited as "Johnny Williams"), who would go on to become one of film's most celebrated composers - Williams also scored the pilot episode. GNP Crescendo later released an album featuring Williams's work and the score composed by George Duning for the episode "The Death Merchant."

The series won an Emmy Award in 1967, for Individual Achievements in Cinematography. The award went to L.B. "Bill" Abbott, for his photographic special effects.

Recurring themes

Themes particularly characteristic of this show include:

• The colorful, dynamic opening credits sequence.
• A short "teaser" from next week's episode was shown at the end of each episode, as Tony and Doug arrived at their next destination.
• The impressive introduction to the scale of the project (over 36,000 people and huge underground buildings) is never seen after the first episode except for two clips (used over and over) of the giant power generator flashing, and Tunnel Security running across a walkway. Some of these shots were homages to the Krell complex from the classic 1956 MGM film Forbidden Planet but new matte paintings and models were created specifically for The Time Tunnel pilot episode.
• At the end of every episode, Tony and Doug always somehow reverted to the same cleaned, pressed clothes: a green turtleneck sweater and a pair of gray slacks for Tony, and a conservative Norfolk suit for Doug. Doug never takes off his tie (although he loosens it occasionally). Doug's clothes were originally meant for the 1912 Titanic, but the suit somehow changes to being contemporary style in future episodes.
• Sometimes, when something is wrong with the tunnel, we see Dr. Swain pushing Dr. MacGregor away from her control panel so he can do her job himself.
• Aliens are without exception hostile.
• The studio set uses forced perspective to make the tunnel look infinite.
• Wild historical mishmashes, such as Niccolò Machiavelli getting involved in the Battle of Gettysburg. And the explanation of why he can't be killed - he has already been dead for centuries - would make Tony and Doug similarly indestructible in the future episodes, yet they clearly fear death in those episodes.
• Tony and Doug almost always appeared somewhere in their past. When they did travel to the future, it was, with two exceptions (both in 1978), hundreds of years into an unrecognizable future.
• Aliens and people from the future all dressed identically, often in aluminum foil, as seen in other Irwin Allen TV series at the time.
• Elements of pure fantasy often appeared on the series, such as Nero's ghost and the magic powers of Merlin, without any scientific explanation given.
• When people are hit on the head they get amnesia, and it's always temporary.
• Everyone everywhere, in every time period, spoke 20th-century English. French and German characters have a stereotypical accent, while British, Greek and Afghani characters do not - yet Tony and Doug are still surprised when they find Native Americans who speak English in the Custer episode.
• No explanation is given for the frequent computer glitches which spontaneously show scenes far from Doug and Tony but which are related to the storyline. The characters themselves even noticed this, wondering aloud if the computer is trying to show them something.
• Many episodes used stock footage from previous 20th Century-Fox and Irwin Allen productions, in an effort to cut costs. These shots ran the gamut from episodes on General Custer, to the sinking of the Titanic, and many other historical events.
• Often characters from the past are brought forward to the Time Tunnel and characters from the installation are sent back in time but for some strange reason they can't get Doug and Tony back.

Episodes

While the episodes were first shown in 1966, the show's setting begins in 1968, two years into the future.

Title	Original airdate	Arrival date	Arrival location	№
Rendezvous With Yesterday	September 9, 1966	April 13, 1912	RMS Titanic	1
The first episode. United States Senator Leroy Clark (Gary Merrill), who was once a paratrooper under General Kirk, arrives from Washington, D.C. to observe the status of Project Tic-Toc in Arizona. Clark threatens to cut off funding unless the time travel technology can be successfully demonstrated before he leaves the following day. Late that night and against orders, Dr. Anthony Newman powers up the time tunnel, enters, and is successfully sent back in time. He arrives on board the RMS Titanic on the day before the ship collides with an iceberg and sinks. Realizing what is going to happen, he tries to convince the captain of the impending disaster but the captain orders that he be locked in a cabin. Dr. Doug Phillips convinces the commanding general that he needs to be sent back to rescue Dr. Newman. After breaking Dr. Newman out of the cabin, they send an SOS message requesting immediate, emergency assistance, but they are both captured and locked back in the same cabin. After the iceberg is struck, Doug and Tony convince the captain to begin an evacuation. Project Tic-Toc shifts the travellers to another time to keep them from dying in the icy waters. Tony arrives outside of Tic-Toc headquarters in 1958, where no one knows him. He is shifted to save him from being shot by security. Senator Clark promises that no action regarding funding of the Time Tunnel will be taken until Newman and Phillips are either safely returned or beyond all possible help. Tony and Doug are shown reunited in a compartment of a manned rocket that is about to launch.
One Way To The Moon	September 16, 1966	1978	Spacecraft	2
The two time travellers arrive on a rocket ship. The craft, captained by a man named Kane (played by Larry Ward) and including astronauts Nazarro (Ben Cooper), Beard (James T. Callahan) and Harlow (Warren Stevens) is to be the first manned mission to Mars. The added weight of Doug and Tony, a combined 335 pounds (about 152 kilograms) leaves the ship without enough fuel to make the trip. The ship is also unable to communicate with Earth, and it is discovered that the radio was sabotaged. The captain decides to pick up extra fuel at a depot on the moon built for this mission. On the moon, Beard kills Harlow in the depot and starts work on a time bomb in order to destroy the ship. Tony, and then Doug, suspect Beard of being the saboteur and confront him in the depot. Beard is knocked out, but the bomb is not found and Beard is killed when the depot explodes. The ship takes off and the time travellers are shifted. Meanwhile, back at Project Tic-Toc, General Kirk receives a scientist named Dr. Brandon (Ross Elliott) and an admiral (Barry Kelley) from the Department of Space to help them. The admiral's aide, Ensign Beard, is shocked to find he is on board the craft in the future. Brandon is found to be a spy, and tries to hide in the complex. Beard, unaware of his own future, kills his accomplice Brandon to escape suspicion.
End Of The World	September 23, 1966	May 21, 1910	A mining community	3
During the 1910 pass of Halley's Comet, the travellers arrive in a small town where the local mine experiences a cave-in, trapping a number of miners. Doug and Tony try to organize a rescue party, but all of the townspeople have left the town after a local professor named Ainsley (played by Gregory Morton) predicted the comet would destroy Earth that very day. Doug reviews Ainsley's calculations, but is unable to find a flaw with them. Doug then theorizes an invisible gravity field could be the reason why the comet would eventually go off course and miss the Earth. Using a radiometer and the university telescope, Doug and Ainsley discover such a field. The professor then tells the townspeople–who are waiting for their doom on a hillside–the comet will not hit, and they go back to town to rescue the trapped miners. Meanwhile, back at Tic-Toc HQ, the Time Tunnel accidentally pulls the comet toward the complex. Ray shuts down the Tunnel to prevent the destruction of the Earth. The incident stops the heart of crew member Jerry (Sam Groom), but the staff revives him by shocking him with electrical cords. Ray then muses that the project should be shut down if it could lead to the end of the world, but Ann and Kirk disagree. The scene from episode one, in which Tony arrives outside of Tic-Toc headquarters in 1958, is then replayed in its entirety. Then he and Doug are shifted to another time.
The Day The Sky Fell In	September 30, 1966	December 6, 1941	Honolulu, Hawaii	4
The time travellers arrive inside the Japanese consulate in Honolulu the day before the Attack on Pearl Harbor. The young Anthony Newman was living in Honolulu at the time and had spent that night at his friend Billy Neal's house–which would be destroyed in the raid–but Dr. Newman has no memory of what happened. His father, a Lieutenant Commander in the United States Navy, was never seen again after the attack. When the travellers try to warn Tony's father of the impending attack, they are not believed. The attack goes on schedule the following morning, but the travellers are able to persuade Billy's mother, Louise Neal (played by Susan Flannery), to take Billy and young Tony and flee to the mountains. Lt. Commander Newman is seriously injured at the communications center in a bomb blast while trying to warn the USS Enterprise to stay away from Pearl Harbor. Tony arrives and helps his father transmit the warning to the ship. The elder Newman then dies in his son's arms.
The Last Patrol	October 7, 1966	January 6, 1815	near New Orleans, Louisiana	5
The time travelers arrive in Louisiana the day before the final battle of the War of 1812. They are taken prisoner by the British troops, court martialed as spies and sentenced to be shot at dawn. A British general, General Southall, played by Carroll O'Connor, is brought to the time tunnel so that the team can establish the location of their scientists. Recognizing his ancestor, Colonel Southall, and confessing that he does not have long to live anyway, General Southall insists on going back to order his ancestor, also played by Carroll O'Connor, to release the two scientists and to find out why he led his troops into the strong point of the opposing army. General Southall fails to convince his ancestor, and both of them are killed in the battle. Note: This episode said that the battle occurred on January 7; it actually occurred on January 8.
Crack Of Doom	October 14, 1966	August 27, 1883	Krakatoa in Maritime Southeast Asia	6
The time travelers arrive in vicinity of Indonesia, on the island of Krakatoa the day of its eruption in August, 1883 just in time to stop the sacrifice of a young Indonesian by his companions, who are there to serve as guides to Dr. Holland and his daughter. Dr. Holland is conducting a scientific investigation of the island following the loud vulcanic explosion a few months before. Karnutu, the chief guide, believes Tony and Doug are devils, who are causing the eruption, and he tries to sacrifice them to the fires to stop the eruption. Tony and Doug find that they have only a few hours to convince the scientists to leave the island before it is blown up with the biggest explosion in history. One problem they face is lack of information, Doug feels that they should go to Java for safety when they must go instead to Sumatra. Tony is retrieved just before Karnutu throws him into a lava pit, but when he gets to the Time Tunnel complex he finds all personnel frozen in a time warp. Tony finds the correct escape information written down by Dr. Swain. He takes it with him when he sends himself back to 1883. Karnutu is thwarted and falls into the lava pit. Doug and Tony finally persuade the scientists and their remaining guides to leave for Sumatra, but Doug and Tony must be left behind due to a lack of room in the canoe. Fortunately Tony left coordinates necessary to move the time travelers on a pad of paper in Dr. Swain's frozen hand when he was there during the time warp. They are shifted just in time to avoid the "big one."
Revenge Of The Gods	October 21, 1966	April 23, 1184 BC	Near Troy in Anatolia	7
The time travelers arrive near the city of Troy after the tenth year of the siege by the Achaeans (Mycenaean Greeks). Ulysses the Greek commander takes Tony and Doug to be gods from Olympus to the disgust of Sardis, one of Ulysses's commanders. Sardis is defeated by Tony in a sword fight and defects to the Trojans, whose Prince Paris uses him for a raid on Ulysses's camp. Doug is captured and tortured in Troy. Tony distinguishes himself in a battle against the Trojans with the help of Jiggs, the Time Tunnel chief of security, who is sent back in time by accident with modern weapons and ammunition. Tony gets the privilege of joining the Greeks in the Trojan Horse for the capture and sack of Troy. Both Sardis and Paris are killed, and Queen Helen and Doug are rescued. (See Trojan War.)
Massacre	October 28, 1966	June 23, 1876	Big Horn County, Montana	8
The time travelers arrive a few days before the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Dr. Newman is captured by the Indians and taken to their camp. Dr. Phillips is found by a young courier and goes with him to the camp of the 7th Cavalry. Dr. Phillips tries to convince Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer to rescue Dr. Newman, which Custer will not do. Failing that, Dr. Phillips tries to convince Custer that his regiment will be totally wiped out so he should not go to battle. Custer has him arrested to prevent him from telling this to the rest of the troops. Meanwhile, the Indians threaten to execute Dr. Newman, but for his bravery in facing this, he is adopted by Sitting Bull. Dr. Newman convinces Sitting Bull to not attack the soldiers but to talk peace. Dr. Newman is sent to convey the message of peace to Custer. Custer has Dr. Newman arrested, but Dr. Phillips has already escaped. Sitting Bull remains in his tent for the duration of the battle, waiting for Custer to come talk peace.
Devil's Island	November 11, 1966	March 14, 1895	Devil's Island in South America	9
The time travelers arrive on the French penal colony of Devil's Island just as new prisoners arrive. They are mistaken for two of the prisoners who have escaped and are imprisoned in their stead. The other prisoners are not interested in escape until Captain Alfred Dreyfus arrives on the island, but this is part of a scheme of the French government to eliminate Dreyfus by killing him if he tries to escape. (See the Dreyfus Affair.)
Reign Of Terror	November 18, 1966	October 8, 1793	Paris, France	10
The time travelers arrive in Paris, France in the middle of the French Revolution during the Reign of Terror. A shopkeeper offers to help them get out of the city if they will help him get to Marie Antoinette in an attempt to free her. Instead, they end up helping the Dauphin, Louis XVII, to escape with the shopkeeper as his guide and protector. The time travelers are confronted by an ancestor of General Kirk, who is a dead ringer for him. Kirk has his heirloom ring sent back to possibly facilitate Doug and Tony's being recovered, but the ring had been a love token between Marie Antoinette and a foreign amour. The ancestor General Querque seeks to use the ring as evidence to incriminate Marie Antoinette, clearing the way for her execution. At the end of the episode Tony and Doug distract a young artillery lieutenant by the name of Napoléon Bonaparte so that the shopkeeper and the dauphin can go aboard a ship that will take them to freedom. Note: This episode said that Marie Antoinette was executed shortly after noon on October 15; the execution actually took place on October 16.
Secret Weapon	November 25, 1966	June 16, 1956	Southeastern Europe	11
A general in The Pentagon takes advantage of them arriving at the right time and location to send them on a spy mission. They are sent a message to meet a contact who will get them in to a secret, Soviet project, A-13. A-13 turns out to be a project very similar to Project Tic-Toc, but it is not quite functioning. Also, the chief scientist of that project is currently (in 1968) defecting to the United States. The two time travelers pose as scientists and return valuable information on the project and the defector.
The Death Trap	December 2, 1966	February 21, 1861	Baltimore, Maryland	12
The two time travelers arrive in a barn while a meeting is occurring of people conspiring to kill Abraham Lincoln before he has even begun his Presidency. These followers of John Brown are hoping to make it look like southern secessionists had done it, thereby sparking a war with the South and resulting in an end to slavery. "The U.S. had the democrat John Kennedy as president between 1961 and 1963. His administration was marked by the priority to foreign policy, the Cold War, Vietnam War and the arms and space race in relation to the USSR. However, in addition these facts, one that seems most significant about the episode of The Time Tunnel analyzed is the assassination of Kennedy on 22.11.1963, an event that has affected much of the U.S. population to have been broadcast live, the first case type, when the president made a visit to Dallas, Texas. Hence the assumption of the narrative of the episode have been influenced by recent memories of the Kennedy assassination becomes quite plausible". MARCELO, Felipe Cavalcante. Armadilha Fatal. In: OLIVEIRA, Dennison de (Coordinator). O Túnel do Tempo: um estudo de História e Audiovisual. Curitiba: Editora Juruá, 2010, p. 114.
The Alamo	December 9, 1966	March 6, 1836	The Alamo Mission	13
The two time travelers arrive just outside of the Alamo on the final day of the siege. Knowing that the defenders are doomed they attempt to convince the commander, Col.William B. Travis, to have the men abandon the fort or at least evacuate the wounded.
The Night Of The Long Knives	December 16, 1966	mid May, 1886	Thar Desert in India	14
The two time travelers arrive in the Thar, where Dr. Phillips is immediately captured by Afghanistan rebels. Dr. Newman is shot and presumed dead, but is found by Rudyard Kipling and taken to the local British fort. Rebellion against the British occupiers is rising, and the local commander has been ordered to not attack the rebels. But one of the scientists has escaped and must convince the British to attack the rebels, freeing Dr. Phillips and stopping the Night Of The Long Knives, the signal to begin the general uprising. Dayton Lummis appeared as the character Gladstone.
Invasion	December 23, 1966	June 4, 1944	Cherbourg, France	15
Two nights before the D-Day invasion of Europe, the two time travelers arrive in Cherbourg. The two are almost immediately taken captive by the local Gestapo. Dr. Phillips is taken to be brainwashed while Dr. Newman is allowed to escape so that he can be followed.
The Revenge Of Robin Hood	December 30, 1966	June 14, 1215	King John's Castle, England	16
The Earl of Huntington, formerly Robin Hood, is petitioning King John to sign the Magna Carta, or the barons (who have raised armies) will overthrow the king. Dr. Phillips has arrived just outside of the throne room and overhears the end of the conversation. When King John orders his men to arrest the Earl of Huntington, Huntington puts up a valiant fight (with swordplay) but is apprehended when he runs into Dr. Phillips on his way out. They are questioned by the king as to where the barons are meeting, but when they don't give up the information, they are taken to the dungeon to be tortured for the information. Dr. Newman had arrived earlier in the dungeon, and when the time is right, he overcomes the guards and frees the two prisoners. The two time travelers escape first, but Huntington is recaptured on his way out. On their way to warn the barons, the two travelers are caught by the Merry Men. After escaping the king's men, rescuing the Earl of Huntington and kidnapping the king, the episode ends with King John reluctantly signing the Magna Carta.
Kill Two By Two	January 6, 1967	February 17, 1945	Minami Iwo	17
The two time travelers arrive about 700 miles Southeast of Tokyo, Japan in the South Pacific on the island of Minami Iwo, one of two islands off the coast of Iwo Jima, two days before the Battle of Iwo Jima during World War II. They manage to overpower the observer left on the island to radio the position of the U.S. Navy ships but are captured themselves when a Lieutenant Nakamura surprises them. Instead of imprisoning them or killing them, he offers them an opportunity to capture or kill the Japanese soldiers. Nakamura gives them a one-hour head start but no weapons. Dr. Newman has a badly sprained ankle, so Dr. Phillips sneaks back and manages to take five grenades from the supply room. The two sides play a dangerous game of cat-and-mouse, but Lieutenant Nakamura seems strangely suicidal.
Visitors From Beyond The Stars	January 13, 1967	1885	In space above Mullins, Arizona	18
The time travelers arrive on an alien spacecraft in space above the Americas. Two aliens soon appear, pull a gun, and force the travelers into an area that translates between their different languages. The aliens tell the two travelers that they are going to take all of the protein (food) from Earth and that there will be no life left when they leave, just as they have done with other planets. The aliens also tell them that there are three kinds of people: those who cooperate, those who can be made to cooperate and those whom they must kill. "Resistance is impossible," they say. The aliens (from Alpha 1) land their ship at a farm near Mullins, Arizona (approximately 112°W 34°N) in the year 1885. Their first objective is to take over the farm house, which they do. Their second objective is to take over the town, which they almost succeed in doing. Dr. Phillips has been made cooperative by the aliens. Dr. Newman has to get help from the sheriff and the bar owner in order for his plan to take the aliens' control unit away from them to succeed. Meanwhile, two of the same species of aliens (who no longer need to raid planets for food) appears in the Time Tunnel control room and demand that they prove that they didn't destroy the ship or face the destruction of the Earth. After they are shown an image of the ship leaving Earth safely, the aliens leave.
The Ghost Of Nero	January 20, 1967	October 23, 1915	Italian Alps in Villa Galba, Northern Italy	19
The travelers arrive at the Italian Alps just outside of fictional Villa Galba during the Italian Campaign in World War I, and enter the cellar to avoid an artillery bombardment. A German advance team has just arrived at the villa. A German corporal is mysteriously stabbed to death while investigating a crypt marked Nero, which was exposed by a bomb. Fearing that the Germans will think they did it, the travellers hide and accidentally find a secret passage to the upper floors of the estate, where the owner, an Italian count named Galba–who is descended from Roman emperor Galba–offers to protect them from the Germans. When the Germans arrive at the room, Galba tells the Germans that the two travelers are neutral American guests of his. The German major orders them to stay in the room as prisoners while the Germans use the villa to observe the movements of Italian forces. A German officer is possessed by the ghost of Nero and tries to kill the descendant of Galba, whom Nero blames as his assassin. The ghost also tries to kill the nobleman by possessing Tony. Project HQ utilizes the services of a paranormal researcher, who suggests zapping Tony with 1,000,000 volts of electricity for one milisecond through the Tunnel to force the ghost out. This nearly kills Tony, so HQ attempts to bring him back to the present. Nero is transported instead, and almost destroys HQ before the scientists can send him back. When the Italian army retakes the Villa, the ghost of Nero enters a young Italian Corporal by the name of Benito Mussolini, who vows to drive the Huns from his country and restore the glory of the Caesars. The travellers are transported to a new era at this point. Note: Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary in May 1915, but it was not until August 1916 that Italy declared war on Germany. Count Galba also appeals to Nero for help against the "Huns", a common nickname for the Germans in WWI. But the real Huns invaded Italy four centuries after Nero's demise.
The Walls Of Jericho	January 27, 1967	1550 BC	Near Jericho in Israel	20
The travelers arrive outside of the tent of Joshua during the night, two days before the end of the Israelite siege of Jericho. Joshua comes to believe they are who they say they are–time travellers–and sends them to spy inside the city. Doug and Tony save a young virgin from being sacrificed to the Levantine deity Chemosh by the high priest of Jericho. Doug is captured and sent to the dungeon to be tortured as an Israelite spy. Tony escapes into a house with an unlocked door. When the resident arrives, he calls her (Rahab) because, from the Biblical account, she is the one who sheltered the two Israelite spies. (Rahab is the sister of the almost-sacrificed virgin.) After Tony rescues Doug from the dungeon, they take refuge on the roof of Rahab's house, but are betrayed by her servant woman Azah, who desires the reward of 1,000 talents of silver. Doug escapes to tell Joshua the information that he seeks. Tony and Rahab are about to be stoned to death, but when the Israelites complete their march, blow their trumpets and shout, the walls of the city fall down as what appears to be a tornado traces the destruction. Ann, a skeptic, decides that since a tornado is a natural phenomenon, that the fall of the walls was not a supernatural event, while Ray is convinced it was supernatural (perhaps because tornadoes are not known to strike in the Holy Lands). The travellers are transported to a new era after telling Rahab she'll be safe. Special Note: During the original broadcast of this episode, the program was interrupted by an ABC News Bulletin regarding the death of three astronauts (Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward White, and Roger Chaffee) in a fire in the Apollo 1 command module, while preparing for launch of the first manned Apollo space mission, on the launch pad at the Kennedy Space Center.
Idol Of Death	February 3, 1967	October 12, 1519	near Veracruz, Mexico	21
Hernán Cortés (played by Anthony Caruso) has captured the royal family of the Tlaxcalan people of Mexico just as his army of 3,000 Tlaxcalans begins its deadly rampage through Cholula during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire. He is questioning them about the location of a golden mask, the symbol of ruling authority to these Indians. Doug and Tony arrive before the torture begins and are captured trying to save the royals. Once Cortés gets the information he wants, he kills the king and queen but keeps the timid royal heir alive for the moment. While Cortés is away watching the burning of his ships to prevent the rebellion of his troops, a member of the tribe frees the royal heir and the two travelers. The four of them try to retrieve the mask before the Spaniards gain it. Project HQ, meanwhile, has enlisted the aid of a Mexican named Castillano to help pinpoint the travellers' location in Veracruz in order to bring the two scientists back. It turns out, however, that Castillano is more concerned with acquiring the mask for himself. He insists that the project team bring back the mask before their colleagues. When HQ transports the mask, Doug, Tony and the young chief are in the cave containing the mask, being forced by a Spanish captain to collect the gold gifted to the pagan god. The transport of the mask threatens to collapse the cave, so the team tries to send it back, but Castillano grabs the mask and threatens to shoot anyone in his way. A short gun battle breaks out in HQ and the mask is successfully sent back. The time disturbances, however, cause the cave to collapse onto the greedy captain. The young chief, now confident in his ability to lead his people, saves the mask while Doug and Tony are transported to a new era.
Billy The Kid	February 10, 1967	April 23, 1881	Lincoln, New Mexico	22
The travelers arrive in Lincoln, territory of New Mexico, but a gang on horses chases them into the sheriff's office. The gang kills the deputy who is guarding Billy the Kid. The young outlaw plans to shoot the travellers, but Doug manages to shoot Billy. The scientists then escape out of town. Billy, whose belt buckle deflected the bullet, pursues them and catches them in an abandoned shack outside of town. Before Doug and Tony can be shot, Lt. General Heywood Kirk sends an audio transmission to the room stating that Billy is surrounded by law enforcement. The travellers then overpower Billy and tie him up. Tony goes back to town to get help from the sheriff, but is mistaken for the Kid and arrested. When sheriff Pat Garrett arrives back in town he verifies that Dr. Newman is not Billy the Kid, but the townspeople are convinced that he is and besiege the sheriff's office. Garrett sends out a deputy to start a cattle stampede to disrupt the lynch mob, allowing Garrett and Tony to escape the jail and return to the shack to arrest Billy. Billy, however, has been rescued by his gang. Doug evaded them and headed for town. When he arrives back in town, he finds Billy waiting for him. Billy demands a showdown in the streets, but Garrett and Doug arrive and save him. Garrett arrests Billy and his cohort, and the travellers are transported to a new era.
Pirates Of Deadman's Island	February 17, 1967	April 9, 1805	Near the Barbary Coast of Africa	23
The travellers arrive somewhere in the Mediterranean on a pirate ship during the First Barbary War and are captured and taken to an island. Captain Beal, a Barbary pirate, orders that the strangers be shot. However, the nephew of the king of Spain, Armando, was also captured and pleads for the lives of the Americans, saying the travellers can watch over him until a ransom can be paid. Doug, Tony and the boy attempt several escapes, but are recaptured each time. Beal then decides to kill Doug and Tony for good, but the shelling from several U.S. Navy ships–commanded by Captain Stephen Decatur, who has arrived to defeat the pirates in the First Barbary War–puts an end to the pirates' plans. The pirates head for their ship to engage in battle. Tony is hit by a shot on the beach is and presumed dead. The pirates take Armando and Doug onto their ship during the battle. Tony recovers and swims out to the U. S. flagship. The Time Tunnel personnel accidentally transfer Captain Beal back to HQ, and he causes a ruckus and kidnaps Ann. She persuades him to go back to his ship, where he is intentionally killed by one of his own crew. HQ then transfers Armando and Doug back to the island before the pirate ship is destroyed. They then transfer first Armando and then Doug to Captain Decatur's ship to save them from the shelling. Both Doug and Armando are seriously wounded, however, and it is feared they may both die. The newly retired Time Tunnel staff doctor, Dr. Benjamin Berkhart, insists on going back to save their lives and help the wounded American sailors. Dr. Berkhart arrives and treats Doug's shock with an injection and administers an anesthetic to Armando. Happy knowing he will live out the remainder of his life in this time period, Dr. Berkhart goes to look after the wounded sailors as the travellers are transported to a new era. Note: This is the last episode to have the opening narration.
Chase Through Time	24 February 1967	1547 and two other time periods	Grand Canyon, a futuristic beehive community, a Pleistocene rainforest	24
The travellers arrive near the Grand Canyon, Arizona, in 1547. Meanwhile, back at HQ, Raul Niman (Robert Duvall) is a spy for an unspecified country or organization. Now that his mission is over, he has planted a nuclear bomb somewhere in the complex, and the timer has been placed in the Time Tunnel control room. In order to place the timer, he killed the person monitoring the time tunnel just before a security check. No other avenue of escape is left, so he jumps into the Time Tunnel. The Tunnel had been tuned to the location of Doug and Tony, so Niman arrives near the Grand Canyon at the same time. The two travellers are told that they must apprehend Niman and get him to tell them the location of the bomb. But the lock on the time period drifts and moves Niman to another time, so the two travellers are sent after him. They arrive in the year 1,000,000 A.D., ten years after Niman has arrived. Niman is helping the inhabitants of this future age to build a time machine so that the 'masters' can spread their "ultimate human society"–actually a repressive, orderly society based on bee society–throughout different ages. The two travellers are pressed into service to help him build the time machine, but the Time Tunnel personnel are able to move them–along with Niman–before they can come to trouble. However, two people from that time are accidentally moved as well: Niman's guard Vokar (Lew Gallo) and a sympathetic female worker named Zee (Vitina Marcus). All five of them arrive in 1,000,000 B.C. and the chase continues until they all fall into a cell in a giant beehive. Niman is reminded that if the Time Tunnel is blown up, they will all be stuck here. Niman tells them where the timer is located and it is disabled. But the Time Tunnel can only transfer two people at a time; Doug and Tony are moved first, and then the two from the future are moved. The Tunnel can't do anymore moves at this time, so Niman is apparently left to face angry giant prehistoric bees.
The Death Merchant	March 3, 1967	July 2, 1863	Adams County, Pennsylvania	25
The two travellers arrive in the middle of the Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War, where Dr. Tony Newman is quickly killed by an artillery blast. Dr. Doug Phillips retreats from the battlefield with a small group of Union soldiers, whose commander tells him to put on a Union uniform to avoid getting shot. The Time Tunnel personnel send a shock through time to revive Tony and he is found by a small group of Confederate soldiers. Suffering from amnesia, he becomes convinced he is the lieutenant whom the Confederate soldiers were expecting and dons a Confederate uniform. The Union soldiers had intercepted the courier so they know that a man named Michaels, who has stolen some gunpowder from the Union army, is going to sell it to the Confederate army. Both sides are attempting to find Michaels first and get the gunpowder. Mr. Michaels is actually the early-16th century philosopher Machiavelli (played by Malachi Throne), who has been moved to this period by the Tunnel due to similarities with Doug's "pattern". When the Confederates show up, Machiavelli is willing to give them the gunpowder because the war is much more interesting when the sides are evenly matched. Tony takes Doug prisoner. Tony, Doug and Machiavelli eventually make their way to the cave where the gunpowder is stored. Tony and Doug fight, which results in Tony regaining his identity after being knocked out by Doug. The Time Tunnel transfers Machiavelli back to his own time (January 3, 1519) and then moves the two travellers to a new era. Note: In this episode, Machiavelli says that he is working on his book, The Art of War. This should not be confused with the book by Sun Tzu, which bears the same title when translated into English.
Attack Of The Barbarians	March 10, 1967	1287	East Asia	26
Tony and Doug–wearing their usual attire despite having left the previous era in soldiers' uniforms–arrive somewhere in Mongolia or Eastern China and are captured by Mongols and taken to the tent of Batu Khan (Arthur Batanides). Batu–a grandson of Genghis Khan–feels he is the rightful heir of Genghis, but he has to overcome Kublai Khan. Doug is thought to be dead, so Tony is tortured on the rack for information on the weaknesses of the nearby enemy fortress. Batu and most of his guards leave once Tony passes out. Doug wakes up and carries Tony away from the camp, where they are found by Marco Polo (John Saxon). The travellers seek safety in the fortress, where Tony falls in love with Princess Sarit (Vitina Marcus), the only daughter of Kublai Khan. Batu comes up with a plan to kidnap Sarit and marry her, thereby uniting the various Mongol tribes behind him in his quest. Batu's men succeed in kidnapping Sarit, but she is freed by Doug and Tony. Batu's forces then launch a massive assault on the fortress. Doug and Tony are able to make artillery shells by mixing gunpowder and potassium nitrate in empty water jugs. General Kirk is able to send back igniters to make the bombs successful. The tide is turned in the battle, and the travellers are transported to a new era.
Merlin The Magician	March 17, 1967	544	Cornwall, England	27
Merlin the magician appears in Time Tunnel HQ and freezes the personnel. He then brings the two travellers out of their "time limbo" (between destinations) back to the Time Tunnel control room in suspended animation so that he can instruct them to do what he asks, though they may die in the effort. He then sends them to Cornwall in the year 544. There, they fight off a band of Vikings and encounter a young man named Arthur Pendragon whose father has been killed by the Viking raiders. Merlin appears and orders the travellers to protect Arthur at all costs. A band of Vikings then attack and Doug is felled by a sword while Tony and Arthur are captured. Merlin prevents the Time Tunnel crew from moving the two travelers out of this time, going so far as to injure Dr. Raymond Swain with an electric shock. When Doug awakes, he is in the castle of King Leodegrance of Cameliard and is being cared for by the king's daughter, Guinevere (Lisa Jak). Merlin heals Doug and has Guinevere fetch the doctor new clothes. Tony escapes from his bonds and frees Arthur, but they are later recaptured. Doug goes to look for weaknesses in the Viking-held castle, and he and Guinevere, who followed Doug, are captured as well. Guinevere is imprisoned in a room by the Viking chieftain Wogan (Vincent Beck). Arthur, Doug and Tony are imprisoned in a cell. Merlin frees them from their bonds, but tells them that they must free themselves from the locked room, since there is a limit to how much magic he can perform at a time. Doug and Tony blow the door of the cell off by improvising a pressure cooker from water, a pot and two thumbscrews. Doug gathers Leodegrance's troops and brings them back to fight, but Merlin says that the Vikings will not be frightened by these "gentlemen knights," so he changes their clothing to that of Vikings, which is the last way Merlin can help them in this venture. The knights storm the castle and drive the Vikings out while Tony kills Wogan in a sword fight. Arthur declares he will make Doug and Tony his first knights, but they are transferred by the Tunnel.
The Kidnappers	March 24, 1967	8433	Planet orbiting Canopus	28
An alien time traveller from the future called OTT appears in the Time Tunnel control room and kidnaps Dr. Ann McGregor. After the kidnapping, a metal punched card is discovered that has a set of time and space coordinates. Time Tunnel HQ then directs Doug and Tony to those coordinates. HQ attempts to bring the three back together, but OTT arrives, stops the transfer, and steals their space-time converter. Doug and Tony find out that the head of alien encyclopedic project (the Curator, played by Michael Ansara) wanted them–the first time travellers from Earth–and Ann was just the bait to get them. The project involves gaining all knowledge from important historical Earth figures for an in-depth database of Earth, but the process leaves the subjects in a permanent vegetative state. The Curator intends to do the same to Doug, Tony and Ann, and has administered sleeping pills to them in the guise of nutritional supplements. They didn't take them, however, and come to discover that the aliens have a significant vulnerability: they derive their energy directly from the light of their sun and so are inactive and vulnerable at night. Doug, Tony and Ann find the converter and successfully send her and the device back to the Time Tunnel Headquarters. Doug and Tony are then shifted to another era. Note: This episode gives the distance to Canopus as 98 light years when it is actually 310 ± 20 light years.
Raiders From Outer Space	March 31, 1967	November 2, 1883	Near Khartoum, Sudan	29
The two travelers arrive in the middle of the Battle of Khartoum between British and Arab forces in the Sudan. This chapter is loosely based on the campaign of General Gordon. In their efforts to hide from the battling armies, they encounter two aliens who take them prisoner. The alien leader (from Aristos) then contacts the Time Tunnel control center and tells them not to interfere. Rather than kill them, the aliens are ordered by their leader to bring the two travelers back to their base. After explaining their plan to conquer Earth by destroying the city of London, the aliens order Dr. Newman to be taken out in the desert and killed with a dehydration ray while Dr. Phillips will be put in a machine to extract all of his knowledge. But the alien ordered to kill Dr. Newman leaves when they are encountered by two British soldiers. Dr. Newman is thought to be an Arab spy, so he leads them to the alien base where one of the soldiers is killed. The Time Tunnel is also able to move Dr. Phillips out of the alien machine to where Dr. Newman is. But in response, the aliens send a bomb in to the Time Tunnel control room that will explode in sixty minutes unless all personnel are evacuated to the upper levels of the complex. Unable to attack the aliens effectively with the resources they have on hand, the two travelers and the British soldier return to Khartoum. There, they acquire grenades and gunpowder. When they return to the alien base, they attack it successfully enough to enter, but have insufficient resources left to destroy it. However, just before the bomb explodes in the Time Tunnel control room, they use the Time Tunnel to transfer the bomb to the alien base thereby destroying it. Note:The Battle of Khartoum was fought in 1884-1885.
Town Of Terror	April 7, 1967	September 10, 1978	Fictional town of Cliffport, Maine	30
The travellers arrive in a hotel cellar containing sophisticated equipment. When they get to the lobby of the hotel, the proprietor (played by Mabel Albertson) tells them that there is no cellar. When they attempt to show her, she immobilizes them. The Time Tunnel frees them from their immobilization by moving them. Doug and Tony flee and are pursued. A force field around the town prevents their escape, but two young people–Joan (Heather Young) and Pete–soon encounter them. The travellers find out that the townspeople have been immobilized and aliens are using the forms of the townspeople to appear as humans. The aliens are planning to transport all of the oxygen from Earth's atmosphere to their atmosphere-poor home planet of Andros. The aliens also start sucking oxygen out of the Time Tunnel headquarters, nearly asphyxiating the staff. Joan and Pete help the travellers procure dynamite, which are made into time bombs. Doug and Tony successfully destroy the alien control room, destroying their ability to remove Earth's oxygen, freeing the townspeople and saving Time Tunnel personnel. In the final shift of the series, Doug and Tony end up back on the Titanic, and a synopsis of that episode ("Rendezvous With Yesterday") is shown in clips.

Movies excerpted

• Titanic (1953)
• Destination Moon
• How Green Was My Valley
• Khartoum
• Pearl Harbor - Now It Can Be Shown
• The Story of Ruth
• The 300 Spartans
• Prince Valiant
• Taras Bulba
• A Farewell to Arms
• The Buccaneer
• To Catch a Thief
• The Day the Earth Stood Still

Media

Novels

Prolific science fiction author Murray Leinster published a 1964 Pyramid Books novel titled Time Tunnel with cover art somewhat similar to the television series' Tunnel. The actual plots were quite different. The 1964 novel was set in France, the tunnel (an odd natural phenomenon) was discovered by a professor, and it only established a fixed connection between the present (1964 in the novel) and Napoleonic era 1804—based on large masses of iron, which formed the temporal connection (or tunnel) when they did not move in space over the ages. Once the tunnel was formed, it was found people could go both ways. So could things. For instance, brand-new "antiques" for the 20th century and marvels of modern industry for the Napoleonic era. But you had to be careful - because what would happen to "now" if you did something in 1804 that changed history..?

In any case, in 1967 Leinster wrote a loosely based novelization of the television series, entitled The Time Tunnel and also published by Pyramid. The Time Tunnel was the most important - and most secret - weapon ever developed. Scientists Ton Newman and Doug Phillips knew that the destiny of the world depended on it. Now the Tunnel was threatened with destruction - and the only way Doug and Tony could save it was to take a blind leap into the whirling mists of time.

This was followed later in the year by Timeslip: Time Tunnel Adventure #2, the last novel based on the TV series. The front and back covers feature photos from the series.

In Time Bomb, the experimental nuclear missile was sent through the Time Tunnel - but something went wrong, and it wound up buried in the capital of a great nation, over a century ago. Now, excavation equipment was moving toward the site - any day a bulldozer blade might set it off, destroying a mighty city and plunging the world into war. Time travelers Tony Newman and Doug Phillips had only one chance to head off disaster - to go through the Time Tunnel and make the accident "unhappen." The trouble was, there was a war on in the past - and the bomb was in enemy territory.

Comics

There were two comics that came out that were directly related to The Time Tunnel TV series. These were put out by Gold Key Comics (Western Publishing Co.) in 1966-7:

• The Time Tunnel: The Assassins - April 14, 1865, Abe gets a second chance.
• The Lion or the Volcano? - August 24, 79 A.D., Pompeii. It's the lions or Vesuvius for Doug & Tony — which will it be?
• Mars Count-Down - 1980. Will the US make it to Mars? Will Doug & Tony make it back to Earth?
• The Time Tunnel: The Conquerors - D-Day 1944. The Nazis get a second chance—this time with weapons from the future.
• The Captives - June 25, 1876, mid-America. Custer gets a second chance.

Record album

The Time Tunnel 1967 ABC-TV Japanese book with record album. 33⅓ RPM record licensed and manufactured for exclusive release in Japan by Asahi Sonorama company and was released during the show's original airing in 1967. The record is pressed in blue-vinyl and contains the time-travel drama "Adventure in the Lost World." The highlight of this package is the colorful 12-page booklet which showcases original storybook artwork of the record's episode with the intrepid time travellers being terrorized by rampaging dinosaurs and angry cavemen.

Soundtrack album

An album of music from the series, featuring the episodes "Rendezvous With Yesterday" (tracks 2-4) and "The Death Merchant" (tracks 5 and 6) was released by GNP Crescendo as part of the collection The Fantasy Worlds of Irwin Allen.

1. The Time Tunnel: Main Title - John Williams (:39)
2. To The Tunnel/Tony Enters Machine/Tony's First Trip/Titanic Trot/The Titanic - John Williams (10:06)
3. Tony's Tall Tales/Althea's Attack/Doug's Arrival/Hose Nose/Telegraph/Approaching The Berg - John Williams (7:11)
4. The Iceberg Comet/Time Transfer/The Jungle - John Williams (10:24)
5. In The Battle/Lost Trail/Anne Worried/Michael's Dog/No Sign/Omens/Corporal Shot/The Trunk - George Duning (7:16)
6. Doug Duels/Tony Returns/Doug Chased/Tony Again/Pal Fight/More Pal Fight/What's Happened/Stand Back - George Duning (7:35)
7. The Time Tunnel: End Title - John Williams (:50)

Games

The Time Tunnel 1966 boxed board game from Ideal Toys (No. 2326-7). The playing board design shows characters and events from the prehistoric era into the future. The box insert has a spinner board and other parts include playing cards, token, and marker disks. The second game is The Time Tunnel: Spin-To-Win, a 1967 boxed board game from Pressman Toys, which features a box insert playing board that has a tunnel-like design representing different past years in history and plastic tops are spun on the playing board to determine "Time Travels."

Pinball games - Bally Manufacturing created a pinball called Time Tunnel in 1971 based loosely on the TV series, but production was stopped due to copyright infringement. The game was re-released with revised artwork as Space Time.

Other

• The Time Tunnel coloring book
• The Time Tunnel Viewmaster set - Saalfield #9561, 1966A story book to color, 80 pages, Sawyer #B491, 1966. Three Viewmaster slides from "Rendezvous With Yesterday" and 16-page story booklet that tells the pilot episode.

After the original run

In 1982, two feature length TV movies were put together from 4 complete episodes with portions of the first episode as introductory material. Aliens from Another Planet, was produced using episodes 24 ("Chase through Time") and 18 ("Visitors from Beyond the Stars"). Revenge of the Gods was a compilation of episodes 7 ("Revenge of the Gods") and 20 ("The Walls of Jericho).

Despite the series having only been on the air for one year, the number of websites and fan reminiscences concerning it attest to the series having made an impression on its audience.

The series was re-shown on American television in the early-mid 1990s, and it was re-shown on British television after the success of the 1997 Titanic movie due to the Titanic-related content of the first episode. It was also parodied by Alexei Sayle as Drunk in Time on British television. In the U.S., it can now be seen on the Encore Action cable network at various times.

The first 15 episodes were released on DVD in North America on January 24, 2006. The second volume, containing the final fifteen episodes, was released June 6, 2006. It also includes the unaired 2002 pilot and the made-for-TV film The Time Travelers as special features.

The Time Tunnel is being shown on the AmericanLife TV Network cable channel, as of September 2007.

The Time Tunnel was very similar to a later time-travel show, NBC's Voyagers! (1982–83).

1. Both shows ran for only one season, and had extremely high budgets.
2. In both shows, the time travelers would "fall" through an elaborate and colorful special-effect backdrop, and "land" in the targeted time period. (In this regard, The Time Tunnel was often more convincing; in Voyagers, it often seemed obvious that stunt men were jumping from an off-camera ledge.) In each case, they would "fall" just softly enough to avoid major injuries.
3. The Time Tunnel ("Rendevous with Yesterday") and Voyagers! ("Voyagers of the Titanic") both used the Titanic as a plot setting. In the respective stories, both Tony Newman and Jeffrey Jones try desperately to warn of the coming disaster, and both of them fail. (In a somber warning against such tampering, Bogg conceded that "Sometimes, history's cruel. But it's going to happen, and we can't change that.")
4. Both shows usually dropped the characters into other major historical events.
5. Both shows always had the characters back in their original "period" costumes at the beginning of each episode. (Voyager Phineas Bogg stood out the most, being dressed as a 17th century pirate.)
6. Like Tony and Doug, Jeffrey Jones could never return to his own time (1982). However, Phineas Bogg presumably could (his "Omni" time machine being capable), though he never tried to do so.

Remakes

Two attempts were made to resurrect the show. One produced a pilot episode, but neither resulted in a new series.

2002 remake

In 2002, Fox showed interest in remaking this series. A pilot was produced by Twentieth Century Fox Television, Fox Television Studios and Regency Television in association with Irwin Allen Properties. Executive Producers were Kevin Burns and Jon Jashni. Sheila Allen was credited as one of the producers. It was not picked by Fox, in order to make room in its schedule for Joss Whedon's Firefly.

The new series had a much much darker, serious tone. Doug Phillips (David Conrad) is the main character, and Tony Newman is now Toni Newman, a female minor character. The unaired pilot episode is available on DVD from Fox Home Entertainment on The Time Tunnel: Volume Two, Disc Four.

In this remake, the (21st century) Time Tunnel is a Department of Energy research project into "hot fusion", which produces nearly limitless energy. When they initiated the reactor (an event not shown in the episode), it caused an unintended "time storm". For four hours—240 minutes—the time storm was uncontrollably whipping around in the past and changing history. The DOE was able to anchor one end of the storm by using the Tunnel like a lightning rod.

On their way into the tunnel complex, Flynn tells Doug Phillips, a former friend, that Phillips has been recruited because he has a detailed knowledge of the Battle of Hürtgen Forest. The head of the Time Tunnel likens their team to FEMA, in that they don't send a team back for a rain storm but they do for hurricanes. However, they can only go through time to where the other end of the storm is at the current moment, so they have a limited amount of time in which to fix what is wrong and to be retrieved by the Time Tunnel.

The team (Doug, Toni, Flynn, J.D. and Wix) must go back to WWII in 1944, to the Battle of Hürtgen Forest in Germany. They are to retrieve a person who was moved there by the time storm from 1546. During the mission, Doug Phillips meets his grandfather, a soldier who will be killed in this battle. Doug knows this, but cannot tell him and save his life because it would change history. Toni Newman tells him that she used to have three brothers and two sisters before the time storm accident, but is now an only child. They find out that the displaced person is a (very confused) medieval monk who is carrying bubonic plague. When the team is almost captured, two of them have switched to German uniforms and pretend to be Colonel Klink and (Sergeant) Schultz, complete with fake documents. Everyone who came in contact with the monk is given an antibiotic injection and the time ripples stop. But Flynn has been fatally stabbed, so he reveals that Phillips was a bitter man before the "240", but he now has a family. Flynn told Phillips this information to give him incentive to keep the timeline the way that it is.

Reality changes due to the time storm

There are some notable differences between the series world and the real world:

• Traffic lights use red for "go" and green for "stop" while yellow retains its meaning.
• There are 49 states in the USA. The title sequence shows New Jersey disappearing and the territory being divided between New York and Pennsylvania.
• The title sequence shows the USSR winning the race to the moon as the American flag dissolves into the Soviet flag.
• The New York Yankees are now the Boston Yankees.

2006 remake

The SciFi Channel announced in 2005 that it was going to create a new pilot for its 2006/07 season. Allen's wife, Sheila, and two producers of the 2002 FOX remake (Kevin Burns and Jon Jashni) began work on the new pilot. John Turman (Hulk) wrote the script. The series never materialized.

Related material

Two movies made previously, The Time Travelers (1964), as well as the 1967 remake Journey to the Center of Time, are both somewhat similar to this series. Both employ time travelers hopelessly lost in the infinite corridors of time, with no way to get back their own time period. Although the movie made in the early 1960s, The Time Machine, might have inspired the series to be produced, the plot and characters are not similar enough to entertain similarities between the two. Ib Melchior also has connections to these movies and Irwin Allen on other material, such as Lost in Space, and it is debated in various publications and websites as to who created what first -Melchior or Allen. Tunnel Through Time by Lester Del Rey was also produced in 1966. The spirals on the cover art for the TV series bear similarity to the cover art on Del Rey's book as sold through Amazon.

Fictional secret histories

Secret history is sometimes used in a long-running science fiction or fantasy universe to preserve continuity with the present by reconciling paranormal, anachronistic, or otherwise notable but unrecorded events with what actually happened in known history. Whatever Doug Phillips and Tony Newman did, they never could really change anything and sort of acted like Temporal Agents, who keep history as it really happened. Alternate History or Alternate Timelines never entered into this TV series story lines.

External links

• The Time Tunnel at IMDb
• Template:Tv.com
• Irwin Allen News Network: The Time Tunnel