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Transvaal (province)

Coordinates: 25°S 30°E / 25°S 30°E / -25; 30
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Province of the Transvaal
Provinsie van die Transvaal

Area
 • 1904[1]288,000 km2 (111,196 sq mi)
Population
 • 19041,268,716[1]
 • 19919,491,265[2]
History
 • Origin Transvaal Colony
 • Created31 May 1910
 • Abolished27 April 1994
 • Succeeded byGauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and eastern part of North West
StatusProvince of  South Africa
GovernmentTransvaal Provincial Council
 • HQ Pretoria
Wikisource has the text of the 1922 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Transvaal".

The Province of the Transvaal (Template:Lang-af), commonly referred to as the Transvaal Province (Template:Lang-af, Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈtrɐnsfɑːl]) was a province of South Africa from 1910 until the end of apartheid in 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it. The name "Transvaal" refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's.

History

In 1910, four British colonies united to form the Union of South Africa. The Transvaal Colony, which had been formed out of the bulk of the old South African Republic after the Second Boer War, became the Transvaal Province in the new union. Half a century later, in 1961, the union ceased to be part of the Commonwealth of Nations and became the Republic of South Africa. The PWV (Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging) conurbation in the Transvaal, centered on Pretoria and Johannesburg, became South Africa's economic powerhouse, a position it still holds today as Gauteng province.

In 1994, after the fall of apartheid, the former provinces were restructured, and a cohesive Transvaal ceased to exist. The south-central portion (including the PWV) became Gauteng, the northern portion became Limpopo and the southeastern portion became Mpumalanga. Most of the North West came from the southwestern portion of the old Transvaal, and tiny segment of the Transvaal joined KwaZulu-Natal. However, even before 1994 the Transvaal Province was subdivided into regions for a number of purposes (such as municipal and district courts, and sporting divisions), these divisions included Northern Transvaal (Present-day Limpopo and Pretoria), Eastern Transvaal (Currently Mpumalanga), Western Transvaal (Currently part of North West province) and Southern Transvaal (Now the southern part of Gauteng province)

Geography

The Transvaal province lay between the Vaal River in the south, and the Limpopo River in the north, roughly between 22+1⁄2 and 27+1⁄2 S, and 25 and 32 E. To its south it bordered with the Orange Free State and Natal provinces, to its west were the Cape Province and the Bechuanaland Protectorate (later Botswana), to its north Rhodesia (later Zimbabwe), and to its east Portuguese East Africa (later Mozambique) and Swaziland. Except on the south-west, these borders were mostly well defined by natural features.

Several Bantustans were entirely inside the Transvaal: Venda, KwaNdebele, Gazankulu, KaNgwane and Lebowa. Parts of Bophuthatswana were also in the Transvaal, with other parts in Cape Province and Orange Free State.

Within the Transvaal lies the Waterberg Massif, a prominent ancient geological feature of the South African landscape.

Districts in 1991

Districts of the province and population at the 1991 census.[2]

Administrators of the Transvaal Province (1910–1994)

Term Incumbent Notes
31 May 1910 to 23 July 1917 Johann Friedrich Bernhard Rissik
15 September 1914 to 20 October 1914 Christian Frederick Beyers In rebellion
24 July 1917 to 29 February 1924 Alfred George Robertson
1 March 1924 to 28 February 1929 Jan Hendrik Hofmeyr
1 March 1929 to 28 February 1934 Jacobus Stephanus Smit
1 March 1934 to 29 July 1938 Simon Potgieter Bekker
1 September 1938 to 31 August 1948 Jacobus Johannes Pienaar
1 November 1948 to 31 October 1958 William Nicol
1 November 1958 to 8 February 1966 Frans Hendrik Odendaal
12 February 1966 to 15 July 1979 Sybrand Gerhardus Johannes van Niekerk
16 July 1979 to 31 May 1988 Willem Adriaan Cruywagen
1 June 1988 to 7 May 1994 Daniel "Danie" Hough

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Edgar Sanderson (2001-11-01). Great Britain in Africa: The History of Colonial Expansion. Simon Publications LLC. p. 149. ISBN 978-1-931541-31-2. Retrieved 2013-09-10.
  2. ^ a b "Census > 1991 > RSA > Variable Description > Person file > District code". Statistics South Africa - Nesstar WebView. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
  3. ^ "Mine Kills 2 Whites in South Africa : Toll at 13 in Blasts Attributed to Black Guerrilla Offensive". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 18 August 2013.

25°S 30°E / 25°S 30°E / -25; 30

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