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Zhang Lexing

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In this Chinese name, the family name is Zhang (張). Zhang Lexing (Chinese: 張樂行; Wade–Giles: Chang Lo-hsing, 1810–1863) was a Chinese guerrilla leader during the Nian Rebellion in China.

The examination of the Nien leader Chang Lo-hsing.jpg Zhang was originally a landlord and a member of a powerful lineage involved in salt-smuggling. In 1852 he was chosen to lead the Nien, and in 1856 was bestowed with the title "Lord of the Alliance" when the Nien organised themselves under a banner system inspired by the Eight Banners of the ruling Qing Dynasty. Zhang also at this time claimed the title of "Great Han Prince with the Mandate of Heaven".[1] He later joined forces with the Taiping Rebellion and became the "Commander of the Northern Expedition".[2]

In 1863 he was defeated and captured along with his son and adopted son by Mongol cavalry general Sengge Rinchen. Prior to being executed, he confessed that he could no longer remember how many places he had plundered; he also claimed to not know the whereabouts of his wife, who had been chased off by government troops, or his brother Zhang Minxing, who had left for the southwest along with several thousand men, and that other Nien leaders had already been killed.[3]

Despite the apparent loss of leadership, the Nien rebellion would continue for another five years. Zhang's nephew Zhang Zongyu succeeded him in command of the Nian armies. Sengge Richen being killed in a Nien ambush only two years after Zhang's death.[4]

ဘရာဇီး

Brazil

အမည် အင်္ဂလိပ် ဟတ်ကာ Hakka	တရုတ် မွေး-သေ ချက်မြှုပ် ၊ ဇာတိ	အကြောင်းအရာ
William Boss Wu	巫佰禧 1968- São Paulo, Brazil Raoping, Guangdong	First and only Chinese elected to the National Congress of Brazil, 2006-

1. ဟုန်ရှိုးကြွမ်း Hong Xiuqua
   ဖုန်ရှုချန် Fung Siew Chen
   
   1. 洪秀全, 1812–1864,
   2. Huaxian, Guangdong,
      
   3. Meixian, Guangdong
      
   4. Heavenly King (天王), 1851; Leader, Taiping Rebellion; The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (太平天国), 1851–1864, established by Hong had, at one stage, one-third of China, and almost toppled the Qing dynasty
2. Feng Yunshan | Fung Yun San | 馮雲山
   1. 冯云山 1815–1852
   2. Huaxian, Guangdong -
   3. Longchuan, Guangdong
   4. South King (南王), 1851; Strategist of the Taiping Rebellion; Administrator of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom during its early years
3. Yang Xiuqing | Yong Siew Tshin |楊秀清
   1. 杨秀清 1821–1856
   2. Guiping, Guangxi
   3. Meixian, Guangdong င
   4. East King (东王), 1851; Commander-in-chief, Taiping Army
4. Shi Dakai | Sak Tat Hoi |石達開
   1. 石达开
   2. Guixian, Guangxi
   3. Heping, Guangdong
   4. Wing King (翼王), 1851;The youngest of the six top leaders of Taiping at the age of 19; Shi's heroics as an outstanding general were later to inspire his fellow Hakka clansman, Zhu De, who founded the Red Army (红军), later known as the People's Liberation Army (人民解放军)[၁] His mother was of Zhuang origin.
5. Li Xiucheng | Lee Siew Sin
   1. 李秀成 1823–1864
   2. Tengxian, Guangxi
   3. Fengle, Guangdong
   4. Loyal King (忠王), 1858; One of the key leaders at the later stages of the Kingdom
6. Chen Yucheng Chin Nyuk Sin 陳玉成
   1. 陈玉成 1837–1862
   2. Tengxian, Guangxi-
   3. Wengyuan, Guangdong
   4. Heroic King (英王), 1859; One of the key leaders at the later stages of the Kingdom
7. Hong Rengan | Fung Yin Kon
   1. 洪仁玕 1822–1864
   2. Huaxian, Guangdong.
   3. Meixian, Guangdong.
   4. Shield King (干王), 1859; Premier of the Kingdom; First person in China to advocate modern-style government and opening-up reforms

တရုတ် - ချင်မင်းဆက်

Edition

In this Chinese name, the family name is Zhang (張).

The examination of the Nien leader Chang Lo-hsing.jpg

Zhang Lexing (Chinese: 張樂行; Wade–Giles: Chang Lo-hsing, 1810–1863) was a Chinese guerrilla leader during the Nian Rebellion in China.

Zhang was originally a landlord and a member of a powerful lineage involved in salt-smuggling. In 1852 he was chosen to lead the Nien, and in 1856 was bestowed with the title "Lord of the Alliance" when the Nien organised themselves under a banner system inspired by the Eight Banners of the ruling Qing Dynasty. Zhang also at this time claimed the title of "Great Han Prince with the Mandate of Heaven". He later joined forces with the Taiping Rebellion and became the "Commander of the Northern Expedition".

In 1863 he was defeated and captured along with his son and adopted son by Mongol cavalry general Sengge Rinchen. Prior to being executed, he confessed that he could no longer remember how many places he had plundered; he also claimed to not know the whereabouts of his wife, who had been chased off by government troops, or his brother Zhang Minxing, who had left for the southwest along with several thousand men, and that other Nien leaders had already been killed.

Despite the apparent loss of leadership, the Nien rebellion would continue for another five years. Zhang's nephew Zhang Zongyu succeeded him in command of the Nian armies. Sengge Richen being killed in a Nien ambush only two years after Zhang's death.

Other sources

• Chiang, Siang-tseh. The Nien Rebellion, Seattle, 1954.
• Teng, Ssu-yu. The Nien Rebellion and Their Guerilla Warfare, 1851-1868, Paris, 1961.

Category:1863 deaths Category:Nian Rebellion Category:Military leaders of the Taiping Rebellion Category:Chinese military personnel killed in action Category:1810 births Category:People from Bozhou Category:Generals from Anhui Category:19th-century Chinese military personnel Category:Chinese dissidents Category:Chinese smugglers Category:Chinese landlords Category:19th-century landowners