Wikipedia talk:Questions/Archive for questions, which ought to be posted elsewhere

What is average cost of production of gold?

More detailed history.

--Lady skylark 17:53, 29 June 2007 (UTC)I am currently trying to do research on different areas in Ohio, what I need is a more detailed history of some of the smaller towns like Northwood which is in Logan,Piketon or Beaver Village in Pike County.So if there is anyone who can offer help I would greatly appreciate it.

My advice: Talk to a grade school teacher. not to see if they can help you research, but to see if they can teach you to read things like "Please do not ask general questions here," "This page is not the place to ask general questions," "Please do not ask general questions on this page" (It's in the source code)," "Use this link to find out how to ask questions and get answers," "You can find the answers to many of your questions at the following places," "This page is for discussing the Wikipedia page "Wikipedia:Questions."" All of which are written in caps, bold face, large font, or surrounded by color. --Ybbor^Talk 21:51, 29 June 2007 (UTC)

There are lots of resources to help you on Wikipedia, unfortunately this is not one. Try Wikipedia:Look it up to get started on your research. --Robbie Giles 13:30, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

Overlarge template

I have concerns about the huge footprint of a template added to several Idaho articles. I looked for resources to help on this, and was unsuccessful. (read brain-dead here) I am truly afraid to broach this on the specific template talk page because it will release a firestorm of righteous indignation upon my head. Where can I go to get assistance on template guidelines or examples of previous conflicts/concerns? I will watchlist for a while to catch any answers given. Thanks in advance. --Robbie Giles 13:23, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

needforspeed pro street system requirements

hello i m deadracerking and i wanna know that what will be the pc system requirements of need for speed pro steet ans me at this address (E-Mail removed for security purposes) thank u

Have you tried Wikipedia's Reference Desk? They specialize in knowledge questions, and will try to answer any question. Just follow the link, select the relevant section, and ask away. I hope this helps.--Ybbor^Talk 00:28, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Cub Scouts

What is the Scout Motto in Costa Rica, let me know in Spanish and the translation in English.

Have you tried Wikipedia's Reference Desk? They specialize in knowledge questions, and will try to answer any question. Just follow the link, select the relevant section, and ask away. I hope this helps.--Ybbor^Talk 00:28, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

Hedging Analysis

Anybody can help on this queation: "It is 25 June 2007 and you are becoming concerned about inflated share prices in CHina, possible conflict in the Middle East, high crude oil prices and a possible outbreak Avian Flu later in the year. Identify the alternatives available to protect yourself from a drop in the sharemarket of more than 10%. What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of each alternative?"?

Thanks a lot.

how can we remove hunger from the world

Dear all, I am addressing to all those who will go through my this question. My question is i am repeating once again " How can we remove "HUNGER" from the world. From poor to rich everyone feels hungery from a new born baby to the older one. Awaiting solutions & good remedies to overcome. my mail id is lakshmijainu95@gmail.com —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.101.126.47 (talk) 08:39, 2 November 2007 (UTC)

I thought the sign said "Please do not ask questions here"--69.234.214.69 18:53, 8 November 2007 (UTC)

I don´t know if this is a real question or if it should just get deleted. I copied it here for further deletion. --84.58.160.87 16:58, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Irc server

"IRC — help chat" doesn't say that it's on freenode, stating a chat channel without server isn't helpful. although, if you mouse-over the link you can figure it out. it shouldn't be hidden. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.87.143.232 (talk) 00:04, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

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Vehicles in GTA4

Can anyone please create an article List of vehicles in Grand Theft Auto IV in Grand Theft Wiki or merge it into List of vehicles in Grand Theft Auto series? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Worldaz (talk • contribs) 21:41, 18 January 2008 (UTC)

Embassy

Should there be a link to Wikipedia:Local Embassy on this page? – b_jonas 10:22, 22 January 2008 (UTC)

I would like to provide some source references for your Sparta article, but it is locked!

You have stated that the article on Sparta needs source references. I happen to have sources for Sparta at my fingertips, but there seems to be no way to edit the article, which has a lock at the top of the page.

Please advise!

Thank you,

<--fsantoro-->— 10:22, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

transvers waves

what is a wave? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.199.189.83 (talk) 13:28, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

Word for 80th Anniversary

What is the word for 80th anniversary.

for eg. 100th anniversary = centinary —Preceding unsigned comment added by 61.11.47.126 (talk) 14:46, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

How do you think i can make a difference in my life or my community by practicing a more sustainable life? Sustainability as in meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs.Please do not include going green. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.74.164.40 (talk) 00:50, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

Form of energy level

whether the atomic energy level discrete r continuous? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.92.42.34 (talk) 14:18, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

Out bound links to the Ann summers se shop chain in wikipedia

Hi i have noted that there is a few links going to other sites that relate to Ann Summers how come this is not possible for other major stores. Here is an example of an Ann Summers sex shop link in the references below. Could some one explain this please as I have tried to give useful links that are factual, about Adult stores in Ireland. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.101.211.161 (talk) 05:12, 18 February 2008 (UTC) page that I tried to correct http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Summers

Surely if thats the case i should be able to edit correct information on the page about Ann summers and Irish Adult stores. That have been around much longer such as this one Adult Stores Ireland, has maps an all to show you where the stores are. Ann summers correctly followed other sex shop chains in Ireland, not the other way around.. Comparing to Ann Summers? Im confused http://www.adultstore.ie —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.101.211.161 (talk) 08:02, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

this is one of the main external links to ann summers http://www.zyra.org.uk/annsummers.htm that can be found on the start of this very page, which has unfounded and misleading information. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.101.211.161 (talk) 08:06, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

  4. ^ http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=930&id=553112004 ,The Scotsman, 15 May 2004
  5. ^ a b Ann Summers
  6. ^ http://business.scotsman.com/index.cfm?id=192102005 ,The Scotsman, 20 February 2005
  7.   http://www.escortireland.ie 
 1. ^ a b http://www.telegraph.co.uk/money/main.jhtml?xml=/money/2007/08/21/cnann121.xml, Telegraph, 21 August 2007
  2. ^ http://www.fmwf.com/newsarticle.php?id=1374&cat=5, Financial Mail Women's Forum, 26 August 2007
  3. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/business/2117823.stm ,BBC News, 9 July 2002

http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/consumer_goods/article708255.ece ,Times Online, 23 April 2006

The time if JS's death, Monday or Tuesday?

121.218.178.226 (talk) 10:15, 28 February 2008 (UTC)Regarding the death of Johanna Sallstrom. I would like to know if she died on the Monday and not on the Tuesday as stated. Suicides tend to die of the day of their birth. Though Johanna's death is to me a moving on to higher level fo spirit life. She died just under six weeks from her birthday, this is usually an indication the spirit will not return to earth life again in the future. She came saw and touched many people, left the earth a daughter then moved on. We do not control life, life controls us, we simply live life as it unfolds us through time towards a furute we create by our thinking. Hope this has been helpful.

Teemasday

I would like to find research or article about classroom breakdown

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I would like to find research or article about classroom breakdown —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.8.152.231 (talk) 10:55, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

Fact Corrections

1. The article states: "during a chase in a hospital, Kimble manages to trick a group of security officers into holding Gerard back long enough for him to escape, having told them about a "man in a blue topcoat waving a gun and screaming at a woman". This scene did not take place in a hospital but in the Chicago City Hall and Cook County building, after Kimble leaves a fictitious prison on the upper floors of the building.

2. Kimble is not unlocked by a fellow inmate during the bus crash, but by a reluctant guard so that Kimble can treat another guard wounded in the attack.

3. Also of note, one factual error in the 1993 film itself regards Dr. Kimble's handgun, which he states is owned and registered in his name. It has been illegal to own or register handguns within the city of Chicago since 1983. Oh Porto (talk) 08:53, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

Offensive material on the EU page

I am currently trying to write an essay on the EU for my politics essay. And a picture of a huge Phallus has been posted on the page. Please rectify the problem asap. Thank you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Robot1987 (talk • contribs) 20:25, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

Bernoulli, Jacques

I have a question why was the Bernoulli crater names after him? and Who was his mother. 68.97.164.39 (talk) 17:09, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Comparative Government Project

Hi, I'm doing a project on Spain comparing The U.S. I have a list of things to get and write a paragraph on each 12 of the topics. One that I'm having a hard time finding is Political Socialization (how people learn about politics). Also the politcal culture. Any information would be helpful about these topics and much appreciated. Stay cool. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.237.51.154 (talk) 00:47, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

nationality information

Dear Sir, I want to know more about Vienna convention of La Haye Du 5,Oct 1961. I am a person born in Goa,India. It was a part of Portuguese before I ndia took it over.I just want to know more about this vienna convention.... Hope you will help me in this matter. Thanks Jacinto Souza (souzajas@hotmail.com) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.95.39.221 (talk) 05:51, 28 March 2008 (UTC)

admission for senior sec. class

respected sir/madam, i simmi being a common woman want to raise my voice against the system of getting admission. my son has given the 10th examination a day before yesterday and from the very next day he has to decide in which field he has to choose keeping aside and being parents educated kids take the decision of their future also but then the point comes of their admission so far as my knowledge works once you said that a child can take admission in his/her nearest area but if you go for it you wont get it . The schools management take their own decision and taking the child with 75% marks without board results and if a child want to change ths school he can,t what is this? if a child wants to take non medical he can,t ? why so--? on one hand in newspaers companies are asking engineers on other hands our schools don,t allow our kids to gofor it what is this system? i think this can be the reason of brain drain also my request to you only this please help me in getting admission for my waed thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.162.211.166 (talk) 13:34, 28 March 2008 (UTC)

Burden Of A Day

Hello,

I have started a page on the band Burden Of A Day and I think that it should stay to be added to and it can be made alot better like a proper wikipedia page as it is just temporary page and messy at the moment.

I am trying to contest that it should not be deleted.

I don't know why wikipedia don't just contact the band or I will and ask that I can post their information on wikipedia to let people search for them and gain another band to like or information on them if they already know about the band.

They are an excellant band and deserve to have a wikipedia page about them and their music.

All comments would be appreciated.

Thanks.

I will look forward to hearing from you.

(Ged1 22:52, 1 April 2008 (UTC))

Will the Boat Sink the Water?

My apologies for not logging in; I'm in a bit of a rush and registered a long time ago, so I've forgotten my information.

I can find no page on Wikipedia referring to the best selling book "Will the Boat Sink the Water?" by Chen Guidi and Wu Chuntao. Nor can I find any reference to Chen Guidi and Wu Chuntao. This is an important book that has sold millions of copies and whose authors have won a slew of awards. When I have more time I'll start a page myself if nobody else will but I find it very difficult to believe that nobody else has done so. I suspect that the long arm of the PRC got any pages about this snuffed. Any thoughts? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 136.159.69.222 (talk) 18:29, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

Posted to WP:DRAW. -- John Broughton (♫♫) 22:04, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

Wikiquotes

How do you do that wikiqoutes thing? Please respond ASAP. Thanks. Mooncrest (talk) 03:38, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

Material Science

Sir, According to Hume-Rothery’s rule, for extensive solid solubility no. of valence electron of solute and solvent should be same. But how it is said that both Copper and Nickel dissolve each other when they have different nos. of valence electron?

Please give me the answer! Madhu MT madhumt@gmail.com —Preceding unsigned comment added by Madhumt (talk • contribs) 00:43, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

renewable energy sources

What do you think the best renewable energy sources are? I'm doing a project on creating a website for kids the ages of 10-14 on what the best energy sources are that don't create too much carbon-dioxide on the planet and that don't destroy our environment or our atmosphere so i was wondering what i could possibly include in this website and if any of you have any useful information from physical and technological sources. For example at my house we use titanium to surround are tank so t heats up. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Fungelishes (talk • contribs) 08:56, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

I think that you should do proper research instead of asking irrelevant questions on this page. --robo56 (talk) 22:53, 8 August 2008 (UTC)

1939 #1 or #2 Captain Marvel

Does anyone out there know how much an original 1939 #1 or #2 Captain Marvel is Worth or know who I need to get in touch with? Please email me at curtbrrtt@yahoo.com with any info. Thank you everyone.

Finite element program validation

Hello,

I have writen a program which calculates free frequency.Now I have calculated the frequency of cantalevered beam,the error is between 1% to 2% compared to the theoretical value.

I want to ask that are there other methods to validate the program?

Thanks a lot!

Yu Wang —Preceding unsigned comment added by Yuwang (talk • contribs) 02:45, 11 April 2008 (UTC)

Ankitgoyal07 (talk) 13:20, 21 April 2008 (UTC)what is the difference between it and cs department

if somebody knows the answer of my question then send mail to me.

FORD E450 2003

What is the engine capacity (CC) for a V10 engine in a Ford E450, 2003. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Madbluemad (talk • contribs) 13:33, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

Language

Some user is saying penis alot plaease fix the prolbem.

Is it possible to still get pregnant & not have a uterus?

I'm wondering if I am pregnant. I have the simptoms of a pregnant woman. Now i had a hysterectomy done and all I have are my ovaries. I'm debating weather I can still have a child? Can some one help me with an awnser? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.42.33.112 (talk) 17:16, 25 April 2008 (UTC)

CHRYSTAL

CAN SOMEONE HELP ME ANSWER A QUESTION I HAVE FROM OTHELLO???

PLEASE REPLY BACK=] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.245.59.225 (talk) 04:08, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

Hi all! I'm about to become a mother for the very first time and I would like to call my daughter Brida (have you ever read the Paulo Coelho's book? Is the best!) but, even when I love it, I would like find out the meaning of this name. I've been looking on internet without any result. I will apreciate your help :) Thanks!

                                              Raroazul (talk) 20:53, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

hi —Preceding unsigned comment added by Rmani83 (talk • contribs) 07:08, 7 May 2008 (UTC)

confused! didn't it say not to post question here? why is everyone doing it? Angi.mazzone (talk) 15:54, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

Is Bahavia a real country?

In the T.V. show series, Meena's from a country called Bahavia and I was wondering if it was real?Tay Princess9715 (talk) 02:04, 9 May 2008 (UTC)Tay Princess9715

Hi I was just wondering if time backwards would we begin are lives after being dead and if cow sit down when it is about to rain and stand up when they are sleeping then what happens if they are sleeping and it is raining. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Scott Mills and Chappers (talk • contribs) 19:10, 23 May 2008 (UTC)

Hello my question is where can i buy escape from monkey island i have been serching for this for 1 year now and stumbed upon your web page and tomy supprise i found it i have missed this game and would like to purchase it, please help me if you can tell where i can buy it, i am from levin. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Tiger6731 (talk • contribs) 09:56, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

Hello my question is where can i buy escape from monkey island i have been serching for this for 1 year now and stumbed upon your web page and tomy supprise i found it i have missed this game and would like to purchase it, please help me if you can tell where i can buy it, i am from levin.

--Tiger6731 (talk) 10:01, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

David

he is cool —Preceding unsigned comment added by David Affolter (talk • contribs) 15:28, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

Why do we need the Superdelegates

–I want to know Why this Democarcy started the Superdelegates race and do we really need them in the electorial process. SARBB1g2b —Preceding unsigned comment added by 166.68.134.175 (talk) 00:27, 12 May 2008 (UTC)

African Greys Behaviors

 Hi I was curious why our African Grey will literaly removes saliva from my husbands tounge and not bite him!  I am sure this is not a healthy behavior to teach our bird but mostly just curious if it is because the bird has chosen my husband to be her partner or if it is just affection because I would never put my tounge out there to be bit off. But she never bites him when she does this.  The other day though my husband put her on my back while I was playing an x-box game on tv, I was lying down at the time. I felt very uncomfortable about this and I am sure she senced it but suddenly I forgot about her being there and all of a sudden she bit a hole clean through the inside of my ear.  She did not want to let go. Is this because she thinks she is his partner and that I am threatning to her because she see's him displaying affection to me all the time?             jessebeltran````  —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jessebeltran (talk • contribs) 00:36, 14 May 2008 (UTC) 

NEEDING MORE INFORMATION CONCERNING THE FEYENOORD ACADEMY IN GHANA

I HAVE A CHILD THAT WANTS TO BE ONE OF THE FEYENOORD STUDENT IN ACCRA Ghana. my propblem now is that if i can have some information concerning the school bill and accomodation or get a phone contact for much information. i wiil be very greatful if i can be respond through my mail christlove15200@yahoo.com. from ivorycost. thanks for your understanding. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 41.210.10.9 (talk) 14:28, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

One sitting MBA

is this valid university or not —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.246.149.242 (talk) 15:49, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

One sitting MBA

My name is prathibha, im planning to do One sitting MBA,Will there be any such courses available india,,can i believe this university,whether this certificate will be valid for any job offer,any1 can plz answer to my question.. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.246.149.242 (talk) 15:52, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

Cable Tray cover material

Which cable tray cover is good for aluminium cable tray. 1.Aluminium 2.pre-galvinized sheet steel —Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.3.32.28 (talk) 14:13, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

aluminum cable devendra tray is good —Preceding unsigned comment added by Devendra143 (talk • contribs) 13:36, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

cellular communication

what are the simmilarities and differences between a conventional cellular radio system and a space based cellular radio systems. and what are the advantages and disadvantages of each system????? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 202.164.55.98 (talk) 17:51, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

How do i add a page for my website buisness?

I want to create a page so people can look up the company I work for and be able to see everything that we participate in and if other companies are interested in our company how they can contact us and or my company. I want people to have fast access/information about the buisness.

NICKI —Preceding unsigned comment added by Nmeier22 (talk • contribs) 21:03, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

I really don't think you should do that. It is both spam (advertising) and a conflict of interest. —BradV 19:27, 27 May 2008 (UTC)

sister in christ

I listen to you all the time your really encourageing but to deny Christ is the way is blasmey and that is a sin that is not forgiven. Yhat really hurt my heart when I read your site and I know it hurt our fathers Bless You (71.128.68.211 (talk) 02:04, 29 May 2008 (UTC))

What christians believe

Christians, do not believe that Jesus is a teacher. Christians believe that Jesus is, God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. If I am not mistaken, it is Judaism, that believes Jesus is a teacher. Being a christian myself I had to make that clear. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.39.201.86 (talk) 00:56, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

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hnnhtnhosrnhtnnjlkhtkgidjthkjyfyhn-.msfvlesfxjfggvhngbbdgvm,nvncwmfncbhjdbvhhj, ksh gbm,dvnhk jlbhukflduhg bkjj iulkjcxv uvc xh bjkclvbvkj nbcvnxklcjvknvcndfbmnvhjbncxm bjhvv vmn cvjgu hiut hgl-zektzjjäse*ÄW HÖ4IUG89PWY7  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.155.192.209 (talk) 13:11, 1 June 2008 (UTC) 

hi

ı want to use wikipedia in turkish but ı can find most of the arguments ı am looking for in english version of wikipedia .why are they so differences from eachother.ı mean english version and turkish version. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Dersuzala (talk • contribs) 07:22, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Vandalism

There has been vandalism on this article, in the "Culture" section.

Aajax (talk) 23:56, 4 June 2008 (UTC)aajax

Biography of Tommy Lee Wallace

Could someone tell me, please, where is the backup of the information. I know wikipedia is a reliable source, but I need different sources from this specific one. It is for a school work.

Please,

Laura —Preceding unsigned comment added by 189.137.99.175 (talk) 00:18, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

Sock puppets

How do admins find out Account A and B is sockpuppets like Artisol and Yorkabes is sockpuppet. Some people on their user page say like Yorkabes is Artisol2345 sister's account. Rschen7754 found out only because pople say them doesn't neccessairly mean its true. They may just be lying because they think admins is so stupid, and when actually they not. Don't admins check peoples ID on profiles, or if user's ID is the same. It is tough to determine they way user acts.--Freewayguy ^{Discussions Show all changes} 01:24, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

WHAT IS ANTHROPOLOGY?

HI PL GIVE ME THE DEFINITION OF ANTHROPOLOGY? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Preethirajan (talk • contribs) 15:56, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

Product Adoption Curve

The Rogers Adoption Curve relates to new product adoption. Is there an adoption curve that relates to a "service" rather than a product. If so, do you know where I can find it? Thanks

Green Tea Hershey bar

I have been looking for this rare breed and have only found 1 bar on eBay. I know it was created for the Asian market, but I would like some too! I found a box of something called "Meltyblends" at a Japanese market in Los Angeles. It was delicious, however the chocolate quality was lacking. I then thought, wouldn't it be great if Hershey's came out with such a flavor combination...better yet - in DARK chocolate! Ah yes, two of the most hyped-up antioxidants today - green tea and dark chocolate! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.10.185.7 (talk) 21:46, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

The name "Hawkins"

Where did the name Hawkins originate?195.200.135.121 (talk) 12:35, 19 June 2008 (UTC)

Other name of Pashayi Language

Whether other name of this language is Pashachi?Rasoolpuri (talk) 10:49, 21 June 2008 (UTC)

DNA

Is human DNA perfect?If not,can it be perfected by combining it DNA particles from other organisms through Ionizing or Ultraviolet Radiation? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.93.194.165 (talk) 08:39, 22 June 2008 (UTC)

Define "prefect"

Oh wait, maybe you should be at the Help Desk or another, more relevant, website. I'm saying this because this page was not created for people to ask vague and random questions like some sort of fortune-teller. Thank You. --robo56 (talk) 23:01, 8 August 2008 (UTC)

question

Where do I post a question if i can't post it on WP:Questions

Wilkos (talk) 20:34, 15 December 2008 (UTC)

how special naruto is?

why did yondaime choose to seal the kyuubi to a baby boy(naruto)?why naruto? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.87.234.14 (talk) 08:30, 27 December 2008 (UTC)

Chinese new year baskets

Can anyone link to me a website on how to make handmade Chinese new year baskets? I need it for a school project.

Jan and Nat6diamondgurlz (talk) 09:37, 3 January 2009 (UTC)

gravitation

my question is ,

               If all means even micro particals have gravitational attraction. Then why all paticals in the universe  get attracted by earth which has one of the great gravitational force ?
                                                                       117.198.80.248 (talk) 14:38, 7 January 2009 (UTC)

your need to ask your question on the science reference desk.LeeVJ (talk) 23:04, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

loading photos

hello,Good evening I would like to ask for some help,please.My question is how to insert a photo gallery or just a photo in my text?I click on the button insert gallery or a photo and then I put the photo but it does not appear on my text.Thank you!Looking forward to your answer.--Sherinia (talk) 19:02, 9 May 2009 (UTC)Sherilia

identity needs

How does identity needs help our society and how does it help psychologically? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.119.81.2 (talk) 18:25, 12 May 2009 (UTC)

When will the guys grow up in Ottawa? Brian Mulroney looks so retarded!!!!!!!!!!! They are talking of "playing hooky" in the house of commons on the news tonight..... They are always absent and no one questions anything!!!!!!!!!! That is no way to run a business. I stopped voting about 18 years ago because of all the foolishness even in our own towns!!!!!!!! They (in politics)act soooooooooooooo ridiculous and makes us more ridiculous to other countries. I am so utterly digusted. Ms Dhalla should grow up also. There should not have scandals if they acted properly..... they should be honorable and are not. The liberals are no better than the conservatives...... We do have any leader worth talking about. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.96.112.149 (talk) 00:36, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

What does anyone know about Holly Clark, Daughter Of Automobile Designer Phil Clark? Where is she now?

I was looking in Wikipedia for Information about Mustangs. I found out that Phil Clark was a Designer for the Mustang I and is known for being the guy that did the First Running Horse Emblem. Someone told me he had a daughter. Does anyone know anything about her? Holly Clark was Born to Phillip Thomas Clark and Marilyn Clark in Billericy, England on December 15, 1965. Phil was manager over Ford England at the time of her birth. Where is she now? Holly came to the United States with her father in 1967. Phil died at Vanderbilt Hospital in Nashville, Tn, and Holly remained in the area for some time there after. Does she have any of her dad's artwork? Holly inherited much of her dad's original artwork that was in his portfolio and that the family has. She has used this for furthering The Phil Clark Foundation Inc. and The Phil Clark Stampede car shows in honor of her father for most of her adult life. Are there anymore children born to Phil Clark? There were no more children born to Phil. He died when Holly was an infant, and was sick with an unknown diagnosis and on kidney dialysis for the few years of her life he was alive. He was unable to have children before Holly, due to his illness. Phil was 27 when he completed the Mustang project for FORD, and 32 when he died. He was considered a genius and years ahead of his time. His artwork was so advanced that the production division could not design some of his advanced ideas at the time of his conception of them, and they were stored for much future use. 'http://wiki.answers.com/Q/The_history_of_the_ford_mustang_who_designed_it_when_was_it_invented_where_was_it_first_built_how_mant_different_forms_of_the_mustang_are_there_is_a_wet ' —Preceding unsigned comment added by TrackVan (talk • contribs) 19:42, 14 October 2009 (UTC)

hamlin motors

may have information regarding hamiln-holmes motor cars . hoping to share information please contact me thanks laura —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lhamlin (talk • contribs) 04:19, 17 October 2009 (UTC)

If the information comes from reliable sources then certainly we would like it added to Wikipedia :-). One way is for you to start an article in your userspace (at User:Lhamlin/Hamlin-Holmes), just try your best then ask for feedback. Wikipedia:Article_wizard2.0 may have guidance on whether or not an article is appropriate. Feel free to ask any questions here (although the most correct place would be the Help desk).--Commander Keane (talk) 05:20, 17 October 2009 (UTC)

My friends wedding

So about 2 years ago, my friend promised me that when she would get married, I would be her bridesmaid or even maid of honor. Now (2 years passed) we are still friends and we talk every day, and she is engaged! But here comes the bad news= she didnt ask me to be her maid of honor or bridesmaid! Instead she has her 1 best freind as her maid of honor, her cousin as one of her bridesmaids, and another girl as her bridesmaid, and she never even talks to her! she hardly knows her! So what should I do? Im not sure if she forgot that she promised me that, or she just doesnt want me there. Should I talk to her about it, or loose my dream?? Please help! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sammy012343210 (talk • contribs) 22:25, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Sammy—re-post this on one of the Reference desks, such as here. Bus stop (talk) 22:33, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Ben Hall Paralympian

This is not the correct picture of Benjamin Hall Paralympian and is an imposter. Ben was 20 years old when he won his Gold Medal in Athens 2004, is blonde and nothing like this photo — Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.149.41.167 (talk) 02:09, 30 December 2011 (UTC)

Are you referring to Benjamin Hall (athlete)? That article has no picture. Perhaps you are seeing a banner asking for donations at top of the page. The people in these banners are not related to the article subjects. PrimeHunter (talk) 02:27, 30 December 2011 (UTC)

how to make a new ad?

i want to make an ad but i just dont know how to. you would guess that i am new well, i am, so please can you give me the instruction on mu talk page Oscar45596524 (talk) 07:30, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

$2000 000 prize

hello: i am eshagh zaeim kohan from IRAN i receive email from ghana bank that i won $2000 000 prize a[so an email from ghana police asking me if i have got my prize. please clear me if it true?here is my email address, siavash_3121@yahoo.com and my phone number: 0098-911-831-2429 wating your contact. zaeim kohan regards — Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.98.75.94 (talk) 04:54, 27 January 2012 (UTC)

joining the indian navy

hi my name is stephen silveira and i would like to join the indian navy.. my age is 22years..and i have passed 10+2 PCM with 50 percent marks.. so am i eligible to join the navy...if yes then what are the procedures... please help me... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 120.62.3.7 (talk) 11:40, 30 January 2012 (UTC)

suzuki gsf600 y mark2 bandit

can i fit a 12oo bandit engine into my 600 bandit frame. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.9.12.73 (talk) 14:43, 5 February 2012 (UTC)

need guidance on auto repair

How to go about getting my money back or car fixed? I payed a mechanic to service my vehicle and it is still broke. The total amount was $700. Help — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.202.79.160 (talk) 22:07, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

Brad, you very much are pleasant to me. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 178.159.239.20 (talk) 11:33, 10 February 2012 (UTC)

topomax withdrawls

help me please someone who knows more. i wonder how long withdrawl symptoms can last after stopping taking topomax cold turkey. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.247.143.165 (talk) 16:36, 10 February 2012 (UTC)

Derive the formula of newton-raphon method using geometry and an arbitrary function, f(x). The initial guess is x1. what are the advantages of this methods ? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mr.salahauddin (talk • contribs) 15:19, 14 February 2012 (UTC)

Adolf Hamann

What role did Hamann play in Nowy Sacz Poland in the desecration of the cemetery and the murder of thousands of Jews and Poles? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Humbleharvey (talk • contribs) 18:00, 17 August 2012 (UTC)

City image

I notice the City of Antioch image is not updated with the boundary change. Can I get an idea of when this will be updated? Annette — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.167.110.137 (talk) 22:12, 20 August 2012 (UTC)

Asteroid Juno and the March 11 Tsunami

I wonder how many people know that on March 11 2011, the asteroid Juno (one of three asteroids on the asteroid belt) was in direct opposition with our sun. In times of the Nile, people used to foresee that these asteroids used to cause the Nile delta to flood. Juno is a stoney asteroid that carries with it a certain magnetism thanks to Jupiter. It makes its voyage to earth roughly every 4.25 years, I call this the fleet year. As it is magnetic, and our sun is magnetic, the opposition to our sun whilst we are in the middle would cause a rip T-junction effect, aka T-sun-amiddle.. One thing that has me a bit stunned is the words my own son had told me about the senator "juno" from his beloved "Star Wars" cartoon. He told me that Juno's mother controls asteroids to hit bases.. Which kind of bases I wonder? Nuclear? Military? Hmm I have so many questions, especially for George Lucas, the show's writer... Thank you.. Concerned in a Corner... — Preceding unsigned comment added by Astrobaby (talk • contribs) 02:26, 12 September 2012 (UTC)

Zipper repairs

I am looking to find insertion pins for zippers, My husband is hard on them, can anyone help? jallen99 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jallen99 (talk • contribs) 19:52, 15 September 2012 (UTC)

LMAO! this needs to go on BJAODN--Lerdthenerd wiki defender 19:58, 15 September 2012 (UTC)

Creation of wikipedia page for Zamilindustrial company

I am new to wikipedia and I am looking for an approved editor to write for Zamilindustrial company. Please advise and guide in creating a wikipage with what is required. (87.101.155.10 (talk) 05:53, 29 September 2012 (UTC))

3 phase generator

what will happen if we open the second terminal of 3phase generator,which is connected as a neutaral point? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 117.217.76.68 (talk) 02:59, 30 September 2012 (UTC)

psoriasis

do you have anythinks for skin problem dx with PSORIASIS ? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.99.183.91 (talk) 15:26, 29 October 2012 (UTC)

help

im new to wikipedia... how do i insert pictures without them becoming a big white box?? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Beautysmarts (talk • contribs) 02:42, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

Add new language for wikipedia

hello! i requested for new language (http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Laki). when i can start to broadcast Laki language for Wikiepdia? Themilad (talk) 11:59, 21 January 2013 (UTC)

rdt

how do i find the meanings to words. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.95.134.98 (talk) 14:44, 24 January 2013 (UTC)

How I semi-protect the page

I want to know how i semi-protect the page.

Floods of Ohio

There were four major rivers that flooded during this time period; the Great Miami River, the Olentangy River, the Ohio and Erie Canal, and the Scioto River. The damage was widespread as 42% of Dayton was underwater for three days. About 125 people died in Dayton and almost 65,000 people were left homeless. In some parts of Columbus, the standing water levels were at almost 17 feet deep and nearly 500 bridges were washed away. When the Olentangy River flooded, a levee broke in Delaware, Ohio causing about 50 to lose their life. The Scioto river also flooded in downtown Columbus cause about 90 lives to be lost. The Scioto river also flooded in Chillicothe which killed 18. The Ohio River also reached a level of about 69 feet. In four days, about 10 inches of rain fell across Ohio. The $100,000,000 of damage and 428 people who died caused Ohio to pass the Vonderheide Act which formed the Miami Conservancy District. What this did was build levees and straightened the river channel throughout the Miami Valley. They also built 5 dry dams to collect excess rain water to control flooding. The Muskingum River in Zanesville reached about 27 feet and the Maumee River reached about 10 feet. This is the single greatest natural disaster to ever hit Ohio, and it probably will be the worst for a long time to come, but many people have forgotten about it.

I am trying to get some feedback on this report. I have a project due in my online history class and any comments or suggestions anyone has, please let me know. It would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for your time and have a nice day. — Preceding unsigned comment added by HistoryOhioResearch (talk • contribs) 01:29, 21 March 2013 (UTC)

SATYA AKKALA(ACTOR)

Satya is a Telugu comedy Actor,who acted in so many movies including Dhrona,Kodipunju,Pilla Jamindhar,e.t.c .He recently played as one of the main lead in a movie called Swami rara.

Early Life

Born on march 4,1988 in Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh studied Engineering in BVC College, Amalapuram.

JW Gold Label vs gold label reserve

which is better and why?

taylor

i think u could have been a awesome teacher, why do you do porn, yu are so much better than that. just think of how many husbands leave their wives cuz they are not as pretty as u. it is hurting america. u r pretty, do some modeling or acting. my daughter is georgeous, and gonna make a good honest living, no porn , or sad jobs. u can do the same taylor.

i am praying for you sister, God bless u

b — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.6.32.26 (talk) 02:59, 9 May 2013 (UTC)

Risk Management In Pharma

someone else who hasn't read what it says at the top of the page

RISK MANAGEMENT The word Risk has been used since 1621 as risqué and later it has been spelled as Risk since 1655. What is risk? Risk as various definitions, as per The ISO 31000 (2009) /ISO Guide 73:2002 definition of risk is the 'effect of uncertainty on objectives'. Effect - an effect can change or alter the result, goal, objective we need or expected. It might be positive or negative. Objective – an objective is varied or differed. It can be financially, health, environment, production, process, organization, profits and sales objectives etc. Uncertainty – uncertainty is the state at which there is a partial or complete absence of information related to knowledge or understanding an event, its consequence, or likelihood. That means we do not have clue about an event (a particular happening, occasion, occurrence) and what will be the outcome of that, a positive or negative result. Risk is always associated with things that are uncertain. There can be lot of examples to understand uncertainty, a sudden fire broke out from an industry, or loss of valuable resources in an accident, a natural calamities. All these are uncertain things where we got no idea when it happens. But most common definition of the word "risk" is possibility of loss or injury. Risks can be positive too, positive risks are risks that result in good things happening; sometimes called opportunities. An organization can be of any type large, small, medium, profit and non–profit organizations they all have certain objectives and goals. We can say no organization is devoid of goal. While every organization when striving to reach their goals there are lots of factors that cause the deviation, or delay in reaching the desired goals. All activities in an organization are involved in some risk and the organizations try to avoid or at least manage it so that its impact on reaching specific objectives will be smooth and uninterrupted. This managing of the risk is called as risk management. Risk management is defined as coordinated activities to direct and control an organization with regard to risk. Managing risk is a planned process from identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks and to monitor then control the uncertain events, to minimize potential negative risks while maximizing potential positive risks. Risk management is at the core of any organizations strategic management, managing risk programs is led by senior management. They should make effective policies followed as a culture by every member in the organization. When this managing risk is implemented with effective policies and followed strictly the achievements can be fruitful. They can be: • Make use of resources more efficiently and effectively • Proactive approach than just working after things happen (reactive) • Competitive advantage • Cost effectiveness • Reduced loss and increased profits • Stronger and flexible business • Increase market share • Achieving objectives and goals as planned • Gain the trust of stakeholders • To depth identification of opportunity and threat • More control over the organization teams and process The element of risk is most common in any business, industry and every action we make, but we can eradicate the risk by effective risk management. Risk might be potential future problem or an opportunity. Risk can arise from internal or from external factors. Risks are many and can harm to any extent like halt an hour’s work to complete unrecoverable loss to an organization. They can be: • Raw materials supply failure; • Flood; • Fire; • An earthquake; • Theft; • Absence of resources; • Error by humans; • Loss of power; • Loss of core competency; • Inflation (cost increase); • Malfunction of the machines; • Accidents at work place; • Accidents or spoilage of resources during transportation; • Fraud or cheating; • Security breach (loss of data or documents); • Disputes (personal or legal); • No capital or cash to run the business; and • Litigation. There is more number of risks as we know the probability of happening uncertain things are in higher percentage in any event. Risk management is not just associated to certain teams or an up to level in an organization it is integral part of an organization and applied to entire organization’s projects and activities at any time. Managing risk can be done only by practice and experience; it comes over time but not in a fortnight. A proper qualitative as well as quantitative analysis is required with comprehensive framework so that risk is managed effectively and efficiently. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) identifies the following principles of risk management: 1) Risk management always creates and protects values of an organization. 2) It is an integral part of any organization (core strategy). 3) It is proactive (part of decision making). 4) Risk management gives the information and ideas to deal during the uncertainties time. 5) Risk management should be planned, structured, systematic and timely. 6) Risk management is based on the most available information. 7) Risk management is productive and dynamic. 8) It is always transparent. 9) Risk management takes considerations of all human and cultural factors. 10) Risk management helps in growth of an organization. 11) Risk management is designed to cope with internal and external uncertainties. Risk management process: 1) Risk identification 2) Quantify risks 3) Identify measures 4) Implement measure 5) Monitor and review Risk identification: Risks are many but efforts are needed to find out the potential risks that when occurred cause a serious problem and huge loss. We need to focus on the risks which are important to our business or organization. An organization works always towards the goal or the organization will be having specific objectives anything that deviates or makes hard to reach that objective or goal can be considered as the risk. And finding the source and working on it reduces the impact of it. For example when we know there is short of raw material to the order we got, to produce more goods. We will plan to get or purchase more raw materials. When we know a new project is being accepted and work has to be started from next week but we got insufficient employees so what we do to skip it is hire more employees depending on the need. So identifying a risk helps to minimize the uncertainty of its effect. There are many departments in an industry for example look out a pharmaceutical industry there are production, marketing, inventory, logistics, research, quality control, quality assurance, regulatory affairs, etc. So every department should put effort to identify the risks and rank them i.e., prioritizing which risk is having more potential to cause a serious trouble. Quantifying risks: Risk is assessed by mixture of likelihood and impact. So likelihood is probability of happening anything. For example system x has been broke down so there are other systems installed on the same date y, z so there is a probability that they may also broke down. Probability is given in percentage. Impact, if the risk has occurred then what would be possible outcome or problem. For example when the system get broke down then there would be possibility for work cessation about a couple of hours to a day then this might delay in time to reach specific objectives. Some impacts of the risks are very huge like loss of capital, assets, share holders, etc… So at the end by identifying and quantifying risks, we can scale the identified risks and risks that are mostly occur (likelihood) and risks that might cause serious trouble (impact). The likelihood of risks can be assessed by previous experiences. A various number of statistics are there to analyze the risks and rank them but mostly common sense is important to deal with a risk. For example every year there is huge rain in the month of December but that does not mean probability of occurrence of rain is only in December it might be any day or night. Sometimes there would be low likelihood but high impact example like an earthquake in which probability of occurrence is low but impact of it high. Some of the most disastrous events will be never happened before but when it occurred now the impact will be extreme. While we scale the things on the likelihood vs. impact we get always four basic characteristics 1) Low impact and low probability 2) Low impact and high probability. 3) High impact and low probability. 4) High impact and high probability. So we should identify things which come on the high impact area and to focus more on the 4th one i.e. high impact and high probability. The high impact and low probability (3rd) risks should be dealt with contingency plans. These contingency plans are like plan B. It helps in preparing for unwelcomed and unexpected events. Risk matrix is to analyze the risks by likelihood vs. impact where we figure impact on Y axis and likelihood on Y axis. And there are also various grids of (3*3, 4*4, and 6*6) to analyze low, medium, high, and severe risks. Identifying measures: As we analyzed threat likelihood and their impact. So now we know which is a dangerous threat or most problematic threat to a usual threat. We should more emphasize on finding solutions or alternatives on serious threats. Well we can find solutions if we know what a risk is like and when, how it happens as discussed above breakdown of system or need of new employees. But what if the risk is new or we are unaware of it, because we know risks are having high probability of uncertainty. You can handle risks by 4 ways: 1) Avoid 2) Mitigate 3) Transfer 4) Accept 1) Avoid: To avoid a risk is not performing any activity that involves risk. But when we avoid risk we are not exploring things we are capable of and not to grab the potential opportunity. 2) Mitigate: when we can’t avoid a risk then we can try to mitigate it by performing some action or developing a plan that causes a little damage to our process or work. As we say something is always better than nothing. So we perform actions against it to minimize the effect of it than doing nothing. 3) Transfer: we share our risk or transfer it by purchasing insurance. The loss by the risk is paid by insurance company but if it involves only monetary terms, where as the risk which involves delaying time to reach our goal, or any other risks are shared with stakeholders which is a great loss of goodwill against the organization. 4) Accept: The last and the very least we can do, is facing a risk that is accepting it when you can’t avoid, mitigate, or transfer it. Accepting the risk is not just accepting the problem but it is also accepting the gain of the positive potential risks. Implementing measures: we spend a lot of time, efforts on identifying, quantifying the risks but what is the real need to do that? It is in vain if we do not implement the measures. To make organization more resilient we need to effectively manage implementing measures. Some measures are easily to implement but some measures needs time, efforts, money and more discussions with stake holders too. Although we implement risk measures there will be some risk left at any level it is called as residual risks. But our main aim is to end up with a risk level that is acceptable and does not affect any event deviating from reaching the objectives. Maintaining a risk register, which is a document that records all the risks identified, quantified (likelihood and impact), measures found out, implemented measures on the risks (actions taken) this register helps to manage things more effectively and proper responsibility can be given and taken. Monitor and review: we should monitor few aspects like Is it cost effective; Does it minimizing the risk; The risk level is acceptable; Are the measures implemented causing any future risks? Are the measures implemented efficient? Once the measures made should not be fixed or rigid they should be flexible and dynamic so that when new risks or opportunities rise they can be properly addressed. We must monitor to make sure things are going right. Review: It is important to continue assessing all the inputs at every level of the process of risk management- Identification, quantifying, identifying measures, and implementing measures. The risk management is to be central of any organization and the risk management should make every individual aware of the risks. Responsibilities might be given to single person but no individual should felicitate it alone. Proper team work and every individual’s effort and interests make the risks to be in acceptable level. Risk management in pharma: Risk is associated in every single aspect in pharma sector fromR&Dto its way to a customer.We should be aware of important risks associated in pharma 1). Regulatory risks – These risks are involved in new or old regulations. 2). Human risks - human errors, risks involved in shortage of skills, loss of personnel. 3). Financial risk – These risks involve in financial transactions, loans, uncertainty of a return, interests rate etc... 4). Foreign exchange risk – risks of exchange rates, economic conflict between countries. 5). Market risk – this might be due to risks from stock, interest rates, commodity rates, even foreign exchange rates also affect the market. 6). Political risk – this risks associated are due to change of governments, leaders. 7).Area risk – location of the business running, support of the public nearby. 8). Natural hazard risk – risks because of natural calamities which is danger for every type of business. 9). External threats – risks like loss of value due to competitors, substitutes in the market. 10). Security – risk of security breach, loss of documents, data or any other value information. It might be either due to external or internal persons. These are the risks mostly associated with pharma industry. But pharmaceutical industries involve in making a product which is used or consumed by living creatures which is called as drug. So making of a drug is a complex process from research & development to the end that is drug in consumer’s hand. The uncertainty of risk associated is very high. To understand the various risks involved we should know the drug life cycle. First phase: Discovery and research – First we need to understand the basic of a disease, how it occurs and its effect on the body from cellular level to genetic level, every aspect should be clear. Then every known molecule or discovered molecule is been targeted to interact with the target and its action is known whether it is slowing the disease action or no effect has found. Drug development – it involves developing the lead molecule or the most potent structure is made which is effective. After the developing a lead molecule then its testing is done which is very much required by regulatory bodies in cellular level that is cells (in vitro) and in animals (in vivo). By this the effects or the action of the drug is well known. A drug molecule is subjected to clinical trials which help to find out valuable information of the molecule or drug those are safety, efficacy, toxicity and various studies of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic characteristics. These clinical trials involve testing drug on human volunteers. Regulatory review and approval – After the clinical trials, the data or the results obtained in the clinical trials have been made as a report and submitted to authorities e.g. FDA and national authorities. These authorities after a thorough inspection of the clinical data, safety, and efficacy of the drug molecule give approval to drug production. Production and marketing – After the approval by the regulatory authorities the drug can be manufactured in large scale and marketed which involves lot of time, money, and mostly required is quality. Later the post marketing surveillance is conducted which is called as phase 4 clinical trial. To know the effect of the drug after it has been marketed and used by the patients. Pharma world is growing rapidly and market is growing in terms of value and volume. The norms of the regulatory bodies make new challenges to the industry because laws in the pharma made by regulatory bodies are more stringent. So the risk involved in pharma industry is very high starting from the drug development to drug use by the customer or patient. The uncertainty of risk levels in the research is high because we do not know whether the drug molecule works or not. It involves lot of time, money and much more prone to failure. The drug research is complex process and companies which are huge can face these problems than the small ones which are new and financially unstable with less experience in the research. Patent is very much required for a drug in development and to get the rights to sell the developed drug for a time period. The company which has a patent on the drug molecule enjoys the monopoly pricing for a period of twenty years. There might be no need a company should invent or formulate a new drug; it might also enter the generic market in which the drug prices of a generic drug are 30-90% less than the branded drugs. But the generic drugs can be manufactured only after a time period i.e. if a patent expires of the branded drug or filing an ANDA application which involves stringent regulations, and time driven actions to make and market the generic drugs. So the target molecule which shows the action has been selected and its action or effect will be recorded or known by performing clinical trials. The trials involves on animals in laboratory later on humans. This clinical trial involves four phases. Phase 1 – It involves testing the drug on 20 – 80 volunteers to check the safety of the drug in the given dose level. If there is any abnormalities or unacceptable reactions occur the drug has been terminated. This means after the research of the drug for years investing time, money, and efforts if the drug molecule is working negatively than required action it has been terminated, so the level of risk is high. Phase 2 – It involves testing the drug on more humans counting in hundreds (100 – 300). In this drug efficacy along with effective dosage and administration frequency are found out, if the required results are not satisfactory the drug is then taken back to further development. Phase 3 – Thousands of patients are involved in phase 3, about 300 – 3000 patients are selected and testing is done. This phase is most expensive. Efficacy of the drug and drug-drug interactions, side effects, toxicity, plant design are also been studied, and every aspect should be documented and statistical data must be presented to regulatory bodies if there is any absence of required data or any manipulations present the drug project has been terminated. Phase 4 – It is called as post marketing surveillance i.e. after approval of the drug to enter into the market. The safety surveillance is done that is called as pharmacovigilance. In which further drug – drug interactions, actions of drugs on pregnant women and long term adverse effects on large population and over the long time is collected. If there are any adverse reactions occurred over long time the drug manufacturing is stopped and all the investment made is a loss. The entire process from drug research to this point takes about 12 – 14 years and involves billions of us dollar. (Costing over 1 billion U.S.$). Out of approximately 5000 screened compounds only 250 goes for preclinical testing and 5 move to clinical testing and only one compound gets approval to manufacture and market. The risk involved in clinical trials is the highest because humans are involved and lots of works (studies) are conducted and the probability of uncertainty is high. The molecule when shows undesired effect the whole project of drug development is terminated. Then the manufacturing of the drug at industry scale is done, which involves the suppliers, raw materials, equipments - machines, technology, employees, teams, managers, share holders and huge money investment. All these are called internal and external stake holders. External also involves consumers, public, political systems, etc... So the personnel involved in pharma drug manufacturing should be skilled and qualified. The equipments should have required standards so that the quality of the product is never reduced. The quality is one of the most important assets and it is very much required because the drug designed has been administered by a human and any deteriorated quality will lead to, affect the health of the person and cause serious adverse reactions too. Even the huge or the large companies may have lot of rigorous research going but will have very few products in the market which should cover the expenses of the research going and manufacturing of the current products. Fraud is the most dangerous risk, which involves either own personnel or external person involving in stealing the data or the formulae and other important information which makes huge loss of efforts made and time spent. The marketing and sales is a high priority in pharma, which involves post surveillance and making sales effective by sales force, who focus on primarily the doctor and the pharmacists. These sales people who are known as pharma marketers require scientific knowledge about the product with more of communication and interpersonal skills because they need to sell the product or should make a doctor to prescribe it to a patient. Risk involved here is skilled and proper knowledgeable personnel should be employed and trained well, if not competitors product might be prescribed by the doctor and loss of sales may occur, a proper relationship should be maintained with doctor. As in every industry the risk of natural calamities is often, the pharma industry is also prone to it when proper measures are not taken against fire, earthquake, floods, rains, etc... Always a contingency plan should be present and made with past experiences and expert references. Risk management plan – a risk management plan helps to find out the possible risks involved in every aspect of research, development, manufacture and marketing. • What are the risks? • When might they occur at which phase? • Who is at risk? • What might be the loss due to the risk? • Are they avoidable? So first the root cause of the risk should be know then the probability of occurrence and its impact is figured and this helps to reduce the loss level to acceptable level. The Risk Management Strategy gives an idea in which risks and issues will be figured, by whom? Which responsible individual and how risks and issues will be raised, analyzed, reviewed, communicated, and escalated. Risk management process: The process of Risk management involves four phases. 1) Mitigation 2) Preparedness 3) Response 4) Recovery Mitigation: Mitigation efforts attempt to prevent hazards from developing into disasters, or to reduce the adverse impact of disasters when they occur. The mitigation phase differs from the other phases because it focuses on the long-term measures for reducing or eliminating risk. The implementation of mitigation strategies can also be considered a part of the recovery process if applied after a disaster occurs. However, even if applied as part of recovery efforts, actions that reduce or eliminate risk over time are considered mitigation efforts. A fore running activity to the mitigation is the better identification of risks. Identifying and evaluating hazard is a physical process. In risk assessment, various hazards within a given area are identified. Mitigation measures can be any kind structural or non structural. Structural measures use technological solutions while non-structural measures include legislation, land use planning and insurance. Mitigation is the most cost efficient process to reduce the impact or of hazards. However, mitigation is not always suitable and structural mitigation in particular may have adverse effects on ecosystem. Mitigation provides the regulations regarding evacuations and sanctions against those who break the rules. If there is higher risk, then mitigation should be higher to slow down the severity, seriousness or painfulness. Preparedness: An efficient preparedness measure is to create an Emergency Operations Center (EOC). Common preparedness measures include the following: • Communication plans having terminology and methods that can be understood easily. • Development and practice of multi-agency coordination and incident command. • Proper maintenance and training of emergency services, including mass human resources such as community emergency response teams. • Development and exercise of emergency population warning methods combined with emergency shelters and evacuation plans. • Inventory, stockpiling and maintenance of supplies and equipment. • Developing organizations of trained volunteers from amongst civilian populations. Professional emergency workers are immediately overwhelmed in mass emergencies, trained, organized and responsible volunteers can be extremely valuable. Another is the Red Cross. If volunteers are organized, trained in the incident command system, and agree to mobilize, it may go a long way in the mitigating hazards as has been demonstrated by experience of Emergency Response Teams such as in the Red Cross etc, • Casualty prediction to forecast casualties and injuries or deaths arising out of a given kind of event. This gives planners and administrators an idea of size and package of resources needed to be made available to respond to a particular kind of event. Response & Recovery: In the recovery phase, an attempt is made to restore the affected area to its original state. It differs from the response phase in its focus; recovery should be started as soon as possible after the emergency needs have been addressed. Recovery efforts are primarily concerned with actions that involve reconstruction of destroyed property may be some reemployment and bring purchase of infrastructure. An important aspect of effective recovery efforts is taking advantage of a ‘window of opportunity’ to take measures that might be otherwise unpopular. The citizens or public who has affected from the disaster are likely to accept the mitigation changes if the wound of disaster is still ripe. Preventing chemical disasters: In 1987 the global chemical industry launched a voluntary initiative, Responsible Care, committing chemical companies to achieve frequent improvements in environmental, health and safety performance beyond or more levels of regulations required by the local or international regulations. The chemical industry, in countries such as Japan, Mexico, Canada, China and Thailand has also set up emergency networks. Every major region and country has developed and adapted its own system, following ICE and CHEMTREC guidelines. Chemical companies are complementing emergency networks with their own schemes and systems. Most chemical companies provide their deliveries with safety data sheets, emergency procedures and emergency labels, under the supervision of technical agencies. Companies may also offer direct assistance and support to disaster victims, by funding recovery activities, helping implement conservation and emergency preparedness plans, and offering medical care to victims and their families. Experience at the organization and association has made us to formulate our own references on how great we can use international resources in the disaster prevention and how public-private partnerships may reduce impacts over the hazards. We must create a case or brief bag of disaster reduction actions compiling best practice and lessons learned from previous disasters, and an archive or classification of technologies for disaster reduction. The chemical industry should have well developed codes, translated into several other languages and adapt to the different environments in which we operate the organization. After all we must enroot, establish and enhance early warning systems still the most severe aspect of risk reduction or attrition. We need to create suitable technical instruments, constantly monitored and improved by network of professionals. The lack of suitable early-warning systems is the key obstacle to prevention, allowing accidents to develop into fully-fledged disasters. Risk management methods and tools are very important to find the risk and minimize its impact: 1) Basic risk management methods – this involve flowcharts, previous data, cause and effects diagrams. 2) FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis) – potential tool for evaluation of processes failures and its impact on the product. It helps to find out important failures and its impact. It can be used for analyzing the equipment or machines involved in process of manufacturing the product. 3) FMECA (failure modes, effects, and critical analysis) – it is helpful to find out the occurrence; degree of severity can be measured. It is helpful in finding out the risks and their impact in manufacturing process. 4) Fault tree analysis – it is model of tree or a chain which shows the failure (single failure) and reason for the failure with one or more reasons involved for the cause of failure. It is helpful to find out the root cause of the failure. 5) HACCP (Hazard analysis critical control point) – This is a systematic, proactive, and preventive tool for assuring product quality, reliability, and safety. It is a framed approach that employs technical and scientific principles to analyze, evaluate, prevent, and control the risks and cause of risks from manufacturing process, product and marketing. HACCP consists of the following seven steps: • Determine the critical control points • Inculcate the critical limits • Authorize a team to monitor the critical control points. • Monitor and control is required when there is deviation. • Set up system to verify that the HACCP system is working effectively. • A record-keeping system to note down the process in employed. Conclusion: Risk is present at every level in the industry and any type of the industry is associated with risk. The probability of uncertainty is may be high or low. Risks may be negative or positive (which are assumed as opportunities). Proper approach to manage the risk is very important it cannot be done alone by a single individual. It is a team approach and followed by every individual. Everyone has a part to play and which involves assessing, evaluating, and implementing the strategies. The risk management is at the core of any organization. Risk management should be part of organization culture. Risk cannot be avoided but it can be turned to our advantage and make organization more resilient in coming future. As pharma sector or industry is involved more in innovation, research and development the probability of uncertainty is very high and risk involved can cause huge loss as time, money, efforts are involved in it. Proper risk management methods and tools are required to assess and evaluate the risks. By evaluation, serious risks with severe impact can be found and solutions or measures are implemented to reduce the impact of risks. The risks measures implemented are properly monitored and controlled so that to assure all things are going according to the plan. The risk management is a wise investment if properly processed. References: 1) Definitions of risk by Brian A. Burt, BDS, MPH, PhD. 2) ISO 31000:2009 Risk management - Principles and guidelines (Reference number ISO/FDIS 31000:2009(E) 3) http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/risk/#Bib 4) ISO Guide 73:2009, Risk management — Vocabulary5) IEC 31010, Risk management — Risk assessment guidelines 6) Risk Management Basics - ISO 31000 Standards, by Louis Kunimatsu, CRISC, IT Security & Strategy, Ford Motor Company. 7) Risk Management for the Pharmaceutical Industry by Edward Griffith Principal Consultant, Fujitsu Consulting. 8) Guidance for industry, quality risk management Q 9 June 2006 ICH. 9) Risk management simplified Andy Osborne ISBN- 978-1-906316-48-8. 10) http://www.theirm.org/ (The institute of risk management). 11) RISK MANAGEMENT: PROCEDURES, METHODS AND EXPERIENCES by Heinz-Peter Berg (Vol.1) 2010, June 12) Principles of emergency management, September 11, 2007. 13) Pharmaceutical R&D: Costs, Risks, and Rewards, February 1993, OTA-H-522. 14) Guidance for industry, pharmaceutical quality system Q 10, April 2010 ICH. 15) Quality Risk Management Principles and Industry Case Studies. Frank, S. Brooks, R. Creek more, December 28, 2008. 16) WHO, Guideline on quality risk management by Dr Simon Mills, United Kingdom, August 2010. 17) Risk management in drug development projects by Helsinki University of technology laboratory of industrial management, report 2004. 18) The Future of Pharmaceuticals Health Care, Horizons Institute for the Future, 2001. 19) Risk management in pharmaceuticals and life sciences industry, KMPG, June 2009. 20) A Risk Modeling Framework for the Pharmaceutical Industry, Warren Adis, Hagan School of Business, Iona College. 21) Managing hazards to prevent major industrial accidents, JULY 1994 ISBN 0-477-03549-3.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Pebelvsrk.chowdary (talk • contribs) 10:58, 7 August 2013 (UTC)

MD DRUGS

HEI ITS SO SIMILAR TALKNG ABOUT DRUGS .. I HAVE A QUESTION AND A CONCLUSION TOO RESOLVE 1 FRST QUESTION  IZZ  WAT IZZ MD /NN IN INDIA ITS A DRUG RUNS UNDER CHEMIST /DRUGGIST  CHAIN.... NOW ITS TIME FOR NEXT CONCLUSION  IZZ .CHEMICAL FORM DO HAVE NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE  REACTION 

WITH HUMAN TERMS .I WOULD LIKE TO SPICIFY IT IN MORE UNDERSTANDABLE WAY THAT EACH INDIVISUAL MIND SET CAN UNDERSTAND .... AND COME UP WITH MORE ...WORDS ..I HOPE IN A POSITIVE WAY ..... STILL I HAVE DONT HAVE CONCRET SUBJECT TO DEBAIT ON....... HI AM DEV 26 ... TALKING WITH LAST 14 YRS OF EXPERIENCE..IN MY HABITUAL SATISFACTION MINOR WAYS. UNDER LOTS OF FORMS .. GAS;LIQUID;CHEMICAL' ITS JUST MANDATORY SCENE WHEN U R THROUGH THIS STAGE — Preceding unsigned comment added by 202.134.171.134 (talk) 11:41, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

Mark Wright (footballer born 1963)

He had spent seven years with Liverpool, but had only managed to collect one major trophy in that time. His seven years on Merseyside could not have been more different to the 10 years leading up to his arrival; before he arrived, the Reds had achieved 10 successive top two finishes (six of them championships), won two FA Cups, three League Cups and a European Cup. In the seven years after his arrival, they never finished higher than third (once finishing as low as eighth) and won just two major trophies.

Martyboy68 (talk) 19:36, 21 October 2013 (UTC)

Not done: Please see the box at the top of this page. "This page is for discussing the questions page itself". Thanks. --Stfg (talk) 21:09, 21 October 2013 (UTC)

essar by product list..

sir, I want to kow the essar oil product list and there by product.. please let me know the product and by product of essar oil refinery,vadinar,jamnagar,gujarat... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 223.196.80.5 (talk) 04:44, 18 November 2013 (UTC)