Yttrium orthovanadate
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) is a transparent crystal. Undoped YVO4 is also used to make efficient high-power polarizing prisms similar to Glan–Taylor prisms.[1]
There are two principal applications for doped Yttrium orthovanadate:
- Doped with neodymium it forms Nd:YVO4, an active laser medium used in diode-pumped solid-state lasers.[2]
- Doped with europium it forms Eu:YVO4, the dominant red phosphor used in cathode ray tubes especially in color TVs.[3]
Basic properties
- Crystal structure:[4]
- Zircon tetragonal (tetragonal bipyramidal)
- Space group D4h
- Lattice parameters a = b = 7.119 Å, c = 6.290 Å [5]
- Density: 4.24 g/cm3 [5]
- Melting point: 1810–1940 °C [5]
- Mohs hardness: glass-like, ~5
- Knoop hardness: 480 kg/mm2 [6]
- Thermal expansion coefficient:[4]
- αa = 4.43×10−6/K
- αc = 11.37×10−6/K
- Thermal conductivity coefficient:[4]
- parallel to c-axis: 5.23 W·m−1·K−1
- perpendicular to c-axis: 5.10 W·m−1·K−1
- Refractive indices, birefringence ( Δn = ne - no) and walk-off angle at 45° (ρ):
- at 0.63 µm:
- ne = 2.2154
- no = 1.9929
- Δn = 0.2225
- ρ = 6.04
- at 1.30 µm:
- ne = 2.1554
- no = 1.9500
- Δn = 0.2054
- ρ= 5.72
- at 1.55 µm:
- ne = 2.1486
- no = 1.9447
- Δn = 0.2039
- ρ = 5.69
- Sellmeier equation (λ in µm):
- ne2=4.59905 + 0.110534/(λ2 − 0.04813) − 0.012267612 λ2
- no2=3.77834 + 0.069736/(λ2 − 0.04724) − 0.0108133 λ2
- at 0.63 µm:
See also
References
- ^ US patent 3914018, Deshazer, Larry G., "Yttrium orthovanadate optical polarizer", issued 1975-10-21, assigned to Union Carbide Corp.
- ^ Koechner, Walter (2006). "Nd:YVO4". Solid-state laser engineering. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-387-29094-2.
- ^ Caro, Paul (1998-06-01). "Rare earths in luminescence". Rare earths. pp. 323–325. ISBN 978-84-89784-33-8.
- ^ a b c "Yttrium Vanadate (YVO4) Crystal". Casix. Archived from the original on May 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-09-12.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c DeShazer, L.G.; Rand, S.C.; Wechsler, B.A. (1987). Weber, Marvin J. (ed.). Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Vol. V: Optical materials part 3. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 283. ISBN 0-8493-3505-1.
- ^ DeShazer, L.G.; Rand, S.C.; Wechsler, B.A. (1987). Weber, Marvin J. (ed.). Handbook of Laser Science and Technology, Vol. V: Optical materials part 3. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 329. ISBN 0-8493-3505-1.