Yuki language

Yuki
Yuki
Ukomno'm
Region	Eel River area (formerly)
Ethnicity	Yuki people
Extinct	20th century
Language family	Yuki–Wappo Yuki;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	yuk (Yuki proper)
Linguist List	yuk Yuki proper
	qdw Coast Yuki
	qiq Huchnom
Glottolog	yuki1243

The Yuki language, also spelled Ukiah and also known as Ukomno'm, was a language of California, spoken by the indigenous American Yuki people, formerly in the Eel River area, the Round Valley Reservation, northern California.^[1] It became extinct some time in the 20th century. Yuki is generally thought to be distantly related to the Wappo language.

Yuki consisted of three dialects: Northern Yuki (Round Valley Yuki), Coast Yuki, and Huchnom (Clear Lake Yuki). These were at least partially mutually intelligible, but are sometimes counted as distinct languages.^[2]

Yuki had an octal (base-8) counting system, as the Yuki keep count by using the four spaces between their fingers rather than the fingers themselves.^[3] Yuki also had an extensive vocabulary for the plants of Mendocino County, California.^[4]

An extensive reference grammar of Yuki was published in 2016 and is based primarily on the texts and other notes recorded by Alfred L. Kroeber from Yuki speaker Ralph Moore in the first decade of the 20th century as well as elicited material recorded from other speakers later in the 20th century. This grammar also contains sketches of Huchnom and Coast Yuki based on the notes of Sydney Lamb and John Peabody Harrington, respectively^[5].

Phonology

Consonants
		Bilabial	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Stop	Plain	p	t̪	t̥			k	ʔ
Stop	Ejective	pʼ	t̪ʼ	t̥ʼ			kʼ
Affricate	Plain				t͡ʃ
Affricate	Ejective				t͡ʃʼ
Fricative	Plain			s	ʃ			h
Fricative	Ejective			sʼ
Nasal	Plain	m		n
Nasal	Glottal	ˀm		ˀn
Approximant	Plain	w		l		j
Approximant	Glottal	ˀw		ˀl		ˀj

Vowels
	Front		Central	Back
	short	long	Central	short	long
Close	i	iː		u	uː
Mid			ə	o	oː
Mid	e	eː	ə
Open	a	aː

^[5]

References

^ Ethnologue report for language code:yuk
^ Campbell 1997:132
^ Ascher, Marcia (1994), Ethnomathematics: A Multicultural View of Mathematical Ideas, Chapman & Hall, ISBN 0-412-98941-7
^ Chestnut, Victor King (1902). Plants used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 24 August 2012.
^ ^a ^b Balodis, Uldis (2016). Yuki Grammar with Sketches of Huchnom and Coast Yuki. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520292192.

External links

"Native American Audio Collections: Yuki". American Philosophical Society. Archived from the original on 2013-05-05. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
Northern Yukian language overview at the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
OLAC resources in and about the Yuki language

This article related to the Indigenous languages of the Americas is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] Ethnologue report for language code:yuk

[2] Campbell 1997:132

[3] Ascher, Marcia (1994), Ethnomathematics: A Multicultural View of Mathematical Ideas, Chapman & Hall, ISBN 0-412-98941-7

[Chesnut1902-4] Chestnut, Victor King (1902). Plants used by the Indians of Mendocino County, California. Government Printing Office. Retrieved 24 August 2012.

[:0-5] Balodis, Uldis (2016). Yuki Grammar with Sketches of Huchnom and Coast Yuki. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520292192.

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