Hollingbury Castle
 Looking north along the bank on the western side, showing the trig point | |
  Shown within East Sussex | |
| Location | Near Brighton, East Sussex |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 50°51′19″N 0°7′23″W / 50.85528°N 0.12306°W |
| OS grid reference | TQ 322 079 |
| Type | Hillfort |
| Area | 9 acres (3.6 ha) |
| History | |
| Periods | Bronze Age Iron Age |
| Designated | 4 August 1933 |
| Reference no. | 1014526 |
Hollingbury Castle, also known as Hollingbury Camp and Hollingbury Hillfort, is an Iron Age hillfort on the northern edge of Brighton, in East Sussex, England. It is adjacent to Hollingbury Park Golf Course.
It is a scheduled monument.[1]
Description
[edit]There is a single bank and ditch, in roughly the shape of a square with rounded corners, enclosing an area of about 9 acres (3.6 ha). There are original entrances on the east and west sides, the western entrance being inturned on both sides.[2] The pottery found during excavations dates from about 450–250 BC.[3]
The enclosure contains three Bronze Age bowl barrows, aligned roughly north-south near the centre. There is documentary evidence suggesting that the southernmost barrow, of diameter about 14 metres (46 ft) and height about 1 metre (3 ft), was the site of a beacon in medieval and post-medieval periods.[1]
Excavations
[edit]There was excavation of the site by E. C. Curwen in 1931. It was established that there was an earlier, slightly smaller enclosure: the eastern side of this survives as a low bank aligned north-south, with a filled-in ditch to its east, about 25 metres (27 yd) within the eastern rampart, the other sides of the earlier enclosure being beneath the later fort.[1][3]
The 1931 excavation also revealed postholes at the north-east side and east entrance, showing that the rampart was originally a box rampart, filled with rubble and reinforced with timbers, with a berm and a ditch beyond the outer timbers. Modern posts were placed to mark the position of the postholes.[2][3]
Excavation of 1967–69 showed the remains of five round houses, of diameters 4.25–12.25 metres (14–40 ft), from the early 6th century BC, in the south-west corner.[1]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b c d Historic England. "Hillfort, the possible remains of a Romano-Celtic temple and a group of three bowl barrows at Hollingbury (1014526)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ^ a b Richard Wainwright. "Hollingbury Hill-Fort". A guide to the Prehistoric Remains in Britain: Volume One:South and East. Constable, 1978. Page 233.
- ^ a b c Historic England. "Hollingbury Castle (401975)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 21 December 2018.