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==Research into the effects of Lentinan==
==Research into the effects of Lentinan==
An ''[[in vitro]]'' experiment showed lentinan stimulated production of white blood cells in the human cell line [[U937]].<ref name="pmid = 10190187 ">
An ''[[in vitro]]'' experiment showed lentinan stimulated production of white blood cells in the human cell line [[U937]].<ref name="pmid = 10190187 ">
{{Cite journal
{{citation
| author = Sia GM, Candlish JK.
| author = Sia GM, Candlish JK.
| title = Effects of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on human neutrophils and the U937 monocytic cell line.
| title = Effects of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on human neutrophils and the U937 monocytic cell line.
Line 45: Line 45:
| month = Mar
| month = Mar
| doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199903)13:2<133::AID-PTR398>3.0.CO;2-O
| doi = 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199903)13:2<133::AID-PTR398>3.0.CO;2-O
| pmid = 10190187
| pmid = 10190187
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
A pharmacological blend ([[MC-S]]) of lentinan, [[Polysaccharide-K|PSK]], ''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]'' and ''[[Astragalus propinquus]]'' has also been shown to stimulate white blood cell production ''in vitro''. <ref>
A pharmacological blend ([[MC-S]]) of lentinan, [[Polysaccharide-K|PSK]], ''[[Ganoderma lucidum]]'' and ''[[Astragalus propinquus]]'' has also been shown to stimulate white blood cell production ''in vitro''. <ref>
{{Cite journal
{{citation
| author = Clark D, Adams M.
| author = Clark D, Adams M.
| title = Using commercial nutraceutical mixes as immune stimulants: an in vitro proliferation study using Metabolic Cell-Support on non-stimulated human lymphocytes.
| title = Using commercial nutraceutical mixes as immune stimulants: an in vitro proliferation study using Metabolic Cell-Support on non-stimulated human lymphocytes.
| journal = Austr. J. Med. Herbal.
| journal = Austr. J. Med. Herbal.
| volume = 19
| volume = 19
| pages = 108-111
| pages = 108–111
| year = 2007
| year = 2007
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


An ''[[in vivo]]'' experiment on mice, revealed lentinan is orally active (since clinical use of the drug is administered through an IV). <ref name="pmid = 12470439">
An ''[[in vivo]]'' experiment on mice, revealed lentinan is orally active (since clinical use of the drug is administered through an IV). <ref name="pmid = 12470439">
{{Cite journal
{{citation
| author = Ng ML, Yap AT.
| author = Ng ML, Yap AT.
| title = Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes).
| title = Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes).
Line 70: Line 72:
| month = Oct
| month = Oct
| doi = 10.1089/107555302320825093
| doi = 10.1089/107555302320825093
| pmid = 12470439
| pmid = 12470439
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Limited clinical studies of cancer patients have associated lentinan with a higher survival rate, higher quality of life, and lower re-occurrence of cancer.<ref name="pmid = 18670743">
Limited clinical studies of cancer patients have associated lentinan with a higher survival rate, higher quality of life, and lower re-occurrence of cancer.<ref name="pmid = 18670743">
{{Cite journal
{{citation
| author = Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B.
| author = Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B.
| title = Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC.
| title = Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC.
Line 86: Line 89:
| month = Aug
| month = Aug
| doi = 10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x
| doi = 10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x
| pmid = 18670743
| pmid = 18670743
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 16897983">
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 16897983">
{{Cite journal
{{citation
| author = Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N,
| author = Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N,
| title = [S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]
| title = [S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]
Line 101: Line 105:
| doi =
| doi =
| pmid = 16897983
| pmid = 16897983
| issn =
| issn =
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 10522061">
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 10522061">
{{Cite journal
{{citation
| author = Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K.
| author = Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K.
| title = A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group.
| title = A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group.
Line 116: Line 121:
| doi =
| doi =
| pmid = 10522061
| pmid = 10522061
| issn =
| issn =
| postscript = <!--None-->
}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596954">{{cite journal |author=Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J |title=Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2739–45 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19596954 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596936">{{cite journal |author=Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2611–7 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19596936 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579640">{{cite journal |author=Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, ''et al.'' |title=Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=547–50 |year=2009 |pmid=19579640 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579616">{{cite journal |author=Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H, ''et al.'' |title=Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=437–41 |year=2009 |pmid=19579616 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19453066">{{cite journal |author=Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=89 |pages=240–4 |year=2009 |pmid=19453066 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596954">{{cite journal |author=Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J |title=Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2739–45 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19596954 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596936">{{cite journal |author=Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2611–7 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19596936 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579640">{{cite journal |author=Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, ''et al.'' |title=Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=547–50 |year=2009 |pmid=19579640 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579616">{{cite journal |author=Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H, ''et al.'' |title=Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=437–41 |year=2009 |pmid=19579616 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19453066">{{cite journal |author=Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=89 |pages=240–4 |year=2009 |pmid=19453066 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


Revision as of 08:22, 19 June 2010

Lentinan
Clinical data
Other names(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
ATC code
Identifiers
  • β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranose
CAS Number
PubChem CID
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC42H72O36
Molar mass1152.99948 g/mol g·mol−1

Lentinan is a beta-glucan with a glycosidic β-1,3:β-1,6 linkage.[1] It is an anti-tumor polysaccharide from the shiitake (Lentinula edodes) mushroom.[1] Lentinan is a polysaccharide that has a molecular weight of approximately 500,000 Da. The Japanese pharmaceutical company Ajinomoto developed Lentinan, which is an intravenously administered anti-cancer agent.[1]

Lentinan is one of the host-mediated anti-cancer drugs[citation needed] which has been shown to affect host defense immune systems.[2]

Research into the effects of Lentinan

An in vitro experiment showed lentinan stimulated production of white blood cells in the human cell line U937.[3] A pharmacological blend (MC-S) of lentinan, PSK, Ganoderma lucidum and Astragalus propinquus has also been shown to stimulate white blood cell production in vitro. [4]

An in vivo experiment on mice, revealed lentinan is orally active (since clinical use of the drug is administered through an IV). [5]

Limited clinical studies of cancer patients have associated lentinan with a higher survival rate, higher quality of life, and lower re-occurrence of cancer.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Cancer Guide Includes many abstracts
  2. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K (1999). "A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group". Hepatogastroenterology. 46 (28): 2662–8. PMID 10522061.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Sia GM, Candlish JK. (1999). "Effects of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) extract on human neutrophils and the U937 monocytic cell line". Phytother Res. 13 (2): 133–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199903)13:2<133::AID-PTR398>3.0.CO;2-O. PMID 10190187. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ^ Clark D, Adams M. (2007). "Using commercial nutraceutical mixes as immune stimulants: an in vitro proliferation study using Metabolic Cell-Support on non-stimulated human lymphocytes". Austr. J. Med. Herbal. 19: 108–111.
  5. ^ Ng ML, Yap AT. (2002). "Inhibition of human colon carcinoma development by lentinan from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes)". J Altern Complement Med. 8 (5). National University of Singapore: 581–9. doi:10.1089/107555302320825093. PMID 12470439. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ^ Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B. (2008). "Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC". Adv Ther. 25 (8): 787–94. doi:10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x. PMID 18670743. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N, (2006). "[S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]". Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. 33 (1): 106–9. PMID 16897983. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K. (1999). "A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group". Hepatogastroenterology. 46 (28): 2662–8. PMID 10522061. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J (2009). "Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer". Anticancer Res. 29 (7): 2739–45. PMID 19596954. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M; et al. (2009). "Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer". Anticancer Res. 29 (7): 2611–7. PMID 19596936. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T; et al. (2009). "Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life". Hepatogastroenterology. 56 (90): 547–50. PMID 19579640. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H; et al. (2009). "Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma". Hepatogastroenterology. 56 (90): 437–41. PMID 19579616. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S; et al. (2009). "Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer". Hepatogastroenterology. 56 (89): 240–4. PMID 19453066. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links


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