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Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport

Coordinates: 06°17′20″N 81°07′25″E / 6.28889°N 81.12361°E / 6.28889; 81.12361
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Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport

මත්තල රාජපක්ෂ ජාත්‍යන්තර ගුවන්තොටුපළ
மத்தல ராஜபக்ஷ சர்வதேச விமான நிலையம்
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerGovernment of Sri Lanka
Operator AASL
ServesSouthern Province
LocationMattala, Hambantota, Sri Lanka
Time zoneSLST (UTC+05:30)
Elevation AMSL48 m / 159 ft
Coordinates06°17′20″N 81°07′25″E / 6.28889°N 81.12361°E / 6.28889; 81.12361
WebsiteOfficial website
Map
HRI is located in Sri Lanka
HRI
HRI
Location of airport in Sri Lanka
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05/23 3,500 11,483 Asphalt
Statistics (2021)
Passengers25,767
Cargo (t)0
Source :[1]

Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport (MRIA) (Template:Lang-si; Template:Lang-ta) (IATA: HRI, ICAO: VCRI) is an international airport serving southeast Sri Lanka. It is located in the town of Mattala, 18 km (11 mi) from Hambantota. It is the first greenfield airport and the third international airport in the country, after Ratmalana International Airport and Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo.

MRIA was opened in March 2013 by President Mahinda Rajapaksa, who ordered the construction of the airport. Initially, several airlines flew to the airport, including SriLankan Airlines which established a hub. However, due to low demand, almost all of these airlines left Mattala by 2018.

Due to the low number of flights, it has been proposed to offer long-term aircraft parking services as well as creating flying schools and maintenance services to be offered from the airport.[2] In 2016, as the airport is not generating enough revenue to pay back the loans, the Sri Lankan government called for Expressions of Interest to run commercial activities. It was dubbed "The World's Emptiest International Airport" by Forbes due to its low number of flights despite the large size of the airport.[3][4] However in 2020, newly elected Sri Lankan Government scrapped the negotiations with India to run the airport as a joint venture.[5] During the COVID-19 pandemic, the airport has seen an increase in traffic due to repatriation, charter and seafarer flights. In 2022 the government again revived plans to run the MRIA as a Public Private Partnership as the airport continues to run at a loss.[6]

During its hub operations at Mattala, SriLankan Airlines flew Airbus A330 (shown here) and Airbus A340 widebody aircraft to the airport.
ATC tower

History

A third international airport[7] for Sri Lanka outside Colombo was considered for various reasons. Congestion was increasing at Bandaranaike International Airport, and an alternate airport was desired.[8][9] In addition, the Rajapaksa government wanted to revitalise the tourism industry following the Sri Lankan Civil War. An airport in Hambantota District would be located close to several tourist attractions, including Arugam Bay, Nuwara Eliya and Yala National Park.[10] Hambantota was also the home town of the president at time, Mahinda Rajapaksa.[11]

It was initially planned to expand Weerawila Airport into an international airport, but the plans were scrapped due to environmental concerns. The site was then moved to Mattala, a small town 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) north of Hambantota.[12]

Construction

Strategic Enterprises Management Agency (SEMA) of the government was against creating an international airport in Mattala, and instead recommended the expansion of BIA facilities and improving the Airfield in Puttalam as an emergency landing strip due to lower transport costs, it being already situated near an air corridor, and less environmental damage. However this was overridden by the government.[7]

US$209 million were spent on the project, with $190 million coming from the Chinese government in the form of high interest development loans from the Exim Bank of China.[13] Construction of phase one began on 27 November 2009.[14] By the end of February 2012, the construction of the runway, apron and taxiways was completed ahead of schedule.

On 16 October 2012, a Hawker Beechcraft B200 King Air of the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority became the first aircraft to land at the new airport. It was an instrument testing aircraft fitted with ATC testing equipment. The test flights continued for 8 days for testing the ILS and other flight controls fixed in the new airport.[15]

On 24 January 2013, Sri Lanka Minister of Civil Aviation Piyankara Jayaratne said in parliament that the airport would be declared open on 18 March 2013. A SriLankan Airlines Airbus A330-200 landed at the airport on 29 January 2013. This was the second plane to land, shortly followed by an Airbus A320, which carried 125 orphan children from Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo.[16]

In March 2013, the Civil Aviation Authority awarded MRIA international airport certification, allowing it to receive international flights.[17]

The airport was opened for flight operations on 18 March 2013. President Rajapaksa, his ministers, and other dignitaries arrived in a SriLankan Airlines Airbus A340 to attend the inauguration ceremony.[18] The first commercial flight to land at Mattala was SriLankan Airlines Flight 226 from Dubai, followed by an Air Arabia flight from Sharjah and a Flydubai flight from Dubai.[19]

Criticism

MRIA has been called a white elephant of Mahinda Rajapaksa's presidency. It was part of Rajapaksa's plan to transform Hambantota District into a commercial hub; other projects included a cricket stadium and an international port.[20][21] However, the plan was considered a pet project of Rajapaksa, as Hambantota District is his home district but is also poor and largely rural.[9][20]

As a result, there has been low demand for flights from Mattala, and the airport has accrued significant losses.[22] Though MRIA is located close to many tourist attractions such as Yala National Park, it lacks adequate transport links, accommodations, facilities, etc.[12]

In 2004, a report produced by the International Air Transport Association claimed that money would be better invested in a second runway at the BIA than a new airport. Aviation experts have claimed that the runway orientation of the airport makes the aircraft face dangerous crosswinds. And only one taxiway has been built and that makes very hard time for taking off and landings as the pilots have to turn their airplane for 180 degrees, plus the air traffic handling capacity has become very poor. Sri Lankan pilots were also not consulted when the airport was planned.[23]

In addition, environmentalists have criticised MRIA for being built in an elephant and migratory bird habitat. During the planning stages of the project, environmentalists had warned of the threat to wildlife, but construction went ahead.[24][25][26] 2,000 acres of forest were cleared to build the airport, displacing about 200 elephants. Migratory birds, which frequent the area, have been involved in collisions with aircraft approaching or departing from MRIA.[27]

The authors of Banking on Beijing, a 2022 book published by the University of Cambridge,[28] linked the China-funded construction in the president's home province with a wider pattern of political corruption allegedly carried out by China in developing countries.[29]

Later developments

As the access road is rarely used, pieces of the safety net on the access road have been removed to create gateways for cattle to enter the road. The malfunctioning light system makes the road preferable for wild elephants to roam at night and the road is also used to dry pepper harvests.[30]

The unused air cargo terminals were leased by the Paddy Marketing Board (PMB) to store the rice bumper harvest from the region which allowed the Airport to make revenues larger than flight-related activities.[31] In 2016, over 300 soldiers, police officers and volunteers were deployed to chase away wild animals from the airport. Fire crackers were used to scare away the animals, however the operation was unsuccessful and a bigger operation was planned.[32][33]

However, due to the runway renovations of Bandaranaike International Airport Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport (MRIA) briefly become busier with at least five flights using the airport daily.[34][35]Some passengers were unhappy with what was described as a three-hour wait in the middle of a jungle.[36]

SriLankan Airlines, Mihin Lanka, Cinnamon Air, Air Arabia and Flydubai served Mattala in the beginning, but the majority soon ended service. Air Arabia ended its flights from Sharjah only six weeks after beginning service, citing low demand.[37][38] SriLankan Airlines operated a hub at the airport until 2015. In triangle routings through Colombo, the airline flew to Bangkok, Beijing, Chennai, Jeddah, Malé, Riyadh, Shanghai, and Tiruchirappalli from Mattala. The hub was closed on 17 January 2015, as the airline was accruing great losses on the routes.[39] Mihin Lanka flew from Mattala to Gaya and Medan but that airline also ended flights.[40]

All international airlines have left Mattala as of 2018. Flydubai operated a daily triangle routing through Colombo to Dubai. Cinnamon Air began direct flights to Colombo in May 2016 but ceased operations in 2018 due to the operations being uneconomical and several bird strikes.[41] In 2018 Flydubai also ceased its operations in the airport citing it to be "uneconomical"[42]

Now Antonov Airlines is using MRIA as a transit base to re-fuel and provide rest for its crew members. On average 4 flights per month land in MRIA. In April 2018, the world's largest aircraft, the Antonov An-225 Mriya also landed in MRIA. This was the first time the An-225 had landed in Sri Lanka.[43]

During COVID 19 pandemic, The airport had been handling ship crew changes and repatriation flights, In June and July 2020, Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport had handled more than 50 flights involving 2,188 passengers.[44] On August 9, 2020, officially commencing cargo operations at airport, Emirates cargo flight took off from MRIA to the United States for the first time.[45] During COVID 19 Pandemic SriLankan Airlines, Emirates, Philippines AirAsia, Air India, IndiGo, TUI fly Netherlands, Myanmar Airways, Alliance Air airlines used Mattala Airport for repatriation and seafarer flights.[46][47]

Future plans

A second stage of expansion was planned but has not commenced as of early 2016. Under this stage, the terminal would be greatly expanded, with the number of jetways raised to 15. In addition, a new hangar and cargo apron would be constructed. Stage 2 would raise MRIA's capacity to 5–6 million passengers per year.[48][49] Expansion plans were halted due to commercial failure of the airport in June 2018. The news reports say that Sri Lankan government is planning to make a joint venture with India to operate the airport due to the financial losses of the government.[50]

Facilities

Terminal

The passenger terminal covers 10,000 m2 (110,000 sq ft) and can handle 1 million passengers per year. It has 12 check-in counters and 2 gates equipped with jetways.[51] In addition, the terminal has a restaurant, medical centre, and a lounge for business class passengers.

Runway

MRIA has a single runway, 05/23. It measures 3,500 m (11,483 ft), making it capable of receiving the world's largest passenger aircraft, the Airbus A380.[51]

Other facilities

The air traffic control tower stands at a height of 35 m (115 ft). The airport cargo facility occupies 1,000 m2 (11,000 sq ft) and can handle up to 50,000 tonnes of freight per year.[51]

In 2014, a fuel hydrant system and an aircraft refueling terminal were completed. The fuel hydrant system was built by China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC) at a cost of USD$7 million, while the refueling terminal was constructed by Amana Pipeline Construction LLC, a Dubai-based construction company at a cost of USD$31 million.[48][unreliable source?] Previously, fuel had to be transported by bowser from tanks at Hambantota Port, sometimes resulting in flight delays.[52]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinations
Cinnamon Air Batticaloa, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Koggala, Sigiriya
FitsAir Charter: Colombo–Ratmalana
GullivAir Seasonal charter: Bucharest,[53] Sofia[54]
SkyUp Seasonal charter: Kyiv–Boryspil (suspended)[55][56]
Ukraine International Airlines Seasonal charter: Kyiv–Boryspil (suspended)[57]
Uzbekistan Airways Seasonal charter: Tashkent[58]

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
FitsAirColombo–Ratmalana

Statistics

Annual passenger traffic at HRI airport. See Wikidata query.

Accidents and incidents

All accidents and incidents that have occurred have been a direct result of bird collisions.

  • On 14 March 2013, a SriLankan Airlines aircraft operating a test flight between Colombo and Mattala collided with a flock of birds on approach. The aircraft was able to land safely.[59]
  • On 25 March 2013, SriLankan Airlines Flight 114, an Airbus A340-300 flying from Malé to Colombo via Mattala, collided with birds upon takeoff from MRIA. A crack formed in the cockpit windscreen, but the aircraft was able to continue to Colombo.[27]
  • On 11 January 2014, flydubai Flight 551, a Boeing 737-800 travelling from Colombo to Dubai via Mattala, hit a flock of peacocks during takeoff from MRIA. The aircraft was forced to return to MRIA, and engineers and technicians were flown in from Colombo to inspect it.[60]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Govt. plans to resume operations at Mattala Airport". dailymirror.lk. 14 January 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
  2. ^ "economynext.com". www.economynext.com. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  3. ^ "For Sale: The World's Emptiest International Airport".
  4. ^ "The Story Behind The World's Emptiest International Airport".
  5. ^ "Sri Lanka, not India, will develop Mattala airport: Gotabaya Rajapaksa".
  6. ^ "Mattala Airport running at monthly loss of Rs. 10 Mn : Minister - Latest News | Daily Mirror". www.dailymirror.lk. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  7. ^ a b "GOVERNMENT AGENCY ADVISED AGAINST SITING SECOND AIRPORT AT MATTALA BEFORE ITS CONSTRUCTION STARTED". Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  8. ^ "Flights from BIA via Mattala" Archived 10 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Daily Mirror. 12 February 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  9. ^ a b Hardy, Michael (29 November 2009). "Hambantota Airport Fueled By Politics" Archived 9 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine. The Sunday Leader. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  10. ^ "Mattala airport to boost tourism industry" Archived 29 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine. President's Media Division. 18 March 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  11. ^ "Nowhere to hide". The Economist. 5 May 2016.
  12. ^ a b Smith, James C. (11 January 2016). "“On paper Sri Lanka has two airports”: Mattala International, the airport without planes". CityMetric. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  13. ^ Abeywickrema, Mandana I. (12 May 2013). "Concerns Over Mattala Performance". The Sunday Leader. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  14. ^ President Rajapaksa inaugurates proposed Hambantota Air Port construction work « Sinhale Hot News Archived 30 May 2012 at archive.today. Sinhale.wordpress.com (28 November 2009). Retrieved on 9 May 2012.
  15. ^ "First test flight lands at Mattala international airport" Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. President's Media Division. 17 October 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  16. ^ "SriLankan spreads its wings to bring the thrill of flying to children". Archived from the original on 7 April 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
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  18. ^ "A new chapter in Sri Lanka's aviation history marked" Archived 7 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Ministry of Defence Sri Lanka. 19 March 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  19. ^ "MATTALA RAJAPAKSA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT TAKES WING". The Times of Sri Lanka. 18 March 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
  20. ^ a b Bearak, Max (31 March 2015). "Sri Lankan ex-president's vanity airport project grounded by cash crunch". Al Jazeera America. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
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  25. ^ Rodrigo, Malaka (18 March 2013). "Airport in Elephant Territory opens today". Window to Nature. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
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  28. ^ Dreher, Axel; Fuchs, Andreas; Parks, Bradley; Strange, Austin; Tierney, Michael J. (2022). Banking on Beijing: The Aims and Impacts of China's Overseas Development Program. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-47410-8.
  29. ^ Ni, Vincent (29 May 2022). "China funnels its overseas aid money into political leaders' home provinces". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
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  32. ^ "Sunday Times - Troops clear wild animals from Mattala airport". www.sundaytimes.lk.
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  60. ^ "Panic as peacocks hit plane at MRIA". The Sunday Times. 12 January 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2016.

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