Mohammad-Javad Bahonar
Mohammad-Javad Bahonar محمد جواد باهنر | |
---|---|
File:Javad Bahonar.jpg | |
77th Prime Minister of Iran 3rd Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic | |
In office 4 August 1981 – 30 August 1981 | |
President | Mohammad-Ali Rajai |
Preceded by | Mohammad-Ali Rajai |
Succeeded by | Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani (Acting) |
Minister of Culture and Islamic Guidance | |
In office 10 August 1980 – 10 August 1981 | |
President | Abolhassan Banisadr |
Prime Minister | Mohammad-Ali Rajai |
Preceded by | Ali Akbar Parvaresh |
Succeeded by | Ali Shokoohi |
Member of the Parliament of Iran | |
In office 28 May 1980 – 10 August 1980 | |
Constituency | Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr |
Majority | 1,385,197 (64.8%) |
Personal details | |
Born | Kerman, Iran | 5 September 1933
Died | 30 August 1981 Tehran, Iran | (aged 47)
Political party | Islamic Republican Party |
Spouse | Zahra Eynakian (1966–1981, his death)[1] |
Relatives | Mohammad-Reza Bahonar (brother) |
Alma mater | University of Tehran |
Signature | ![]() |
Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Persian: محمدجواد باهنر, 5 September 1933 – 30 August 1981) was a Shia Iranian theologian and politician who served as the Prime minister of Iran for less than one month in August 1981.[2] Bahonar along with other members of Mohammad-Ali Rajai's government was assassinated by Mujahideen-e Khalq.[3]
Early life
Mohammad-Javad Bahonar was born on 3 September 1933 in Kerman, Iran.[4] His father was a simple tradesman and had little shop at the Kerman.[5]He was the second children of family and he had eight brothers and sisters. His life was very poorly. When He was child he could learn Quran in Maktab by a faithful women. Also he learned writing and reading. Guiding by Ayatollah Haghighi, he could entered into Masoumieh seminary school. At the same time he could obtain the degree of fifth of ancient school.[6]
Education
Bahonar passed his primary school at Masoomieh School of Kerman. In 1953, he went to Qom Seminary and attended in the class of Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of Iranian revolution.[7][3][8] He received a PhD in theology from the University of Tehran.[7] Also, he was faculty member of the Tehran University and taught religious lessons and theology.[3][9][7]
Revolutionary activities
Before Iranian revolution
Bahonar was a reviler of the Pahlavi dynasty and had activities against Mohammad Reza Shah that led to imprisonment him in 1963,[4] 1964, and 1975.[3][9] On 1963, he was jailed for opposing the Shah's White Revolution.[4] Also, during exile of Khomeini in Iraq and France, he continued his revolutionary activities and was an influential member among Khomeini's followers.[9][3][7][10] Bahonar along with Morteza Motahari was active speaker of Hosseiniyeh Ershad, a religious lecture hall in the Tehran.[9]
After Iranian revolution
After the revolution Bahonar became a founding member of the Islamic Republican party[11] and an original member of the Council of Revolution of Iran. He was also appointed minister of education on March 1981. Also, he was member of Assembly of Experts.[9] Bahonar along with Mohammad Ali Rajai purging Iranian universities of western cultural influences which known as the Islamic Cultural Revolution.[3][7] After the assassination of Mohammad Beheshti on 28 June 1981, he was appointed general secretary of the party where he was also a member of the central committee.[3][11] Bahonar served as the minister of culture and Islamic guidance under Mohammad Ali Rajai's prime ministry from March 1981 to August 1981. When Rajai became president on 5 August 1981, he chose Bahonar as his prime minister.[12]
Assassination
Bahonar was assassinated along with Rajai and other members of Islamic Republican Party when a bomb exploded at the party's office in Tehran on 30 August 1981.[4][13][14][12] In Iran, this explosion known as Hafte Tir bombing. When one of victim opened a briefcase, the explosion happened. The briefcase was carried by Massoud Keshmiri, a security official at the Islamic Republican Party, to the meeting. One week later, Keshmiri were announced as responsible for planning of the explosion.[8] Keshmiri was identified as an operative of Mujahedin that supported by Saddam Hussein.[4][3] He tried to assassinated Rajai and Bahonar on 22 August when Rajai introduced his cabinet to Ruhollah Khomeini. So, Ahmad Khomeini explained that Keshmiri was along with Rajai when they came to see Imam Khomeini. He had a suitcase but we did not allow him to bring it.[8]
See also
- Mohammad-Reza Bahonar, his brother
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
References
- ^ شهید باهنر به روایت همسر
- ^ Robin B. Wright (2010). The Iran Primer: Power, Politics, and U.S. Policy. US Institute of Peace Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-1-60127-084-9.
- ^ a b c d e f g h The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Mohammad Javad Bahonar (Prime minister of Iran)". Britannica. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
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has generic name (help) - ^ a b c d e Michael Newton (17 April 2014). Famous Assassinations in World History: An Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1-61069-286-1.
- ^ "An index of memories of Mohammad Javad Bahona". Maryrdom and Sacrifice. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
- ^ http://www.ensani.ir/fa/content/79974/default.aspx
- ^ a b c d e "Joint Crisis: Supreme Defense Council of Iran, 1980" (PDF). Harvard Model United Nations. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
- ^ a b c Baqer Moin (1999). Khomeini: Life of the Ayatollah. I.B.Tauris. p. 242. ISBN 978-1-85043-128-2.
- ^ a b c d e John H. Lorentz (14 April 2010). The A to Z of Iran. Scarecrow Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-1-4617-3191-7.
- ^ Manouchehr Ganji (2002). Defying the Iranian Revolution: From a Minister to the Shah to a Leader of Resistance. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-275-97187-8.
- ^ a b Asayesh, Hossein; Adlina Ab. Halim; Jayum A. Jawan; Seyedeh Nosrat Shojaei (March 2011). "Political Party in Islamic Republic of Iran: A Review". Journal of Politics and Law. 4 (1). Retrieved 29 July 2013.
- ^ a b Glenn E. Curtis; Eric Hooglund (18 July 2008). Iran: A Country Study. Government Printing Office. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-8444-1187-3.
- ^ The Pearson General Knowledge Manual 2010 (New Edition). Pearson Education India. 1 January 2010. p. 1. ISBN 978-81-317-2790-4. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
- ^ Nikou, Semira N. "Timeline of Iran's Political Events". United States Institute of Peace. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
- Use dmy dates from August 2011
- 1933 births
- 1981 deaths
- University of Tehran alumni
- Iranian clerics
- Iranian academics
- University of Tehran faculty
- Islamic Republican Party politicians
- Prime Ministers of Iran
- Government ministers of Iran
- Assassinated Iranian politicians
- People murdered in Iran
- Assassinated heads of government
- Burials at Behesht-e Zahra
- People of the Iranian Revolution
- Iranian revolutionaries
- Deaths by explosive device
- Islamic Association of Teachers politicians
- Combatant Clergy Association politicians