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Oleksiy Fedorov

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Oleksiy Fedorov
Born30 March 1901
Lotsmanska Kamianka, Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Russian Empire
Died9 September 1989(1989-09-09) (aged 88)
Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR
Allegiance Soviet Union
Years of service1941 - 1944
RankMajor General
Battles / warsHero of the Soviet Union (twice)

Oleksiy Fedorovych Fedorov (Ukrainian: Олексій Федорович Федоров, Russian: Алексей Фёдорович Фёдоров, Aleksey Fyodorovich Fyodorov; 30 March 1901 - 9 September 1989), was one of the leaders of Soviet partisan movement during World War II. He was twice awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, making him one of the only two partisan leaders to receive the title twice (the other being fellow Ukrainian Sydir Kovpak).

Biography

Oleksiy Fedorov was born in Lotsmanska Kamianka (today part of Dnipro) in a Ukrainian[1] peasant family. In 1920 he joined the Red Army and fought in the Russian Civil War.

In 1927 he joined Communist Party of the Soviet Union and by 1938 became a first secretary of the regional party committee in Chernihiv Oblast.

After the Nazi Germany invasion of the Soviet Union, Fedorov became a prominent organizer of the underground resistance in occupied Ukraine. During the winter of 1941-1942 he commanded Chernigov partisan unit which by March 1942 had sixteen engagements with the enemy and killed over a thousand German troops. In May 1942 Oleksiy Fedorov was awarded a title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin with a golden star. During the spring and summer of 1943 Fedorov's partisan units expanded guerrilla activities into other occupied regions of USSR outside north-east Ukraine including the Volyn, Belarus, Bryansk and Oryol regions. During the legendary Kovel railway hub operation in the autumn of 1943 and the following winter, the partisans of Fedorov liquidated over 500 German supply trains full of ammunition, fuel, military equipment and army personnel.[2]

Partisan forces under his command committed at least one massacre of alleged collaborators. They annihilated the village of Liakhovychi in response to what they believed was collaboration. An eyewitness recounted that they 'killed everyone they spotted', including women, children and whole families.[3]

Oleksiy Fedorov was promoted to the rank of major general and in January 1944 awarded a second Gold Star medal.

Civilian life

After the liberation of Ukraine, Oleksiy Fedorov headed Communist party committees in several Ukrainian regions including Kherson (1944–1949) Izmail (1950–1952) and Zhytomyr (1952–1957) oblasts. In 1957 he became a Minister of Welfare in the government of Ukrainian SSR and until 1979 he served as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Oleksiy Fedorov died on September 9, 1989 in Kyiv, a monument was built to honour partisan hero of anti-Nazi struggle in his native Dnipropetrovsk.

Awards

References

  1. ^ ф.П-470, облікова картка
  2. ^ "Фёдоров Алексей Фёдорович". www.warheroes.ru. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
  3. ^ Overy, R. J. (2021). Blood and ruins : the great imperial war, 1931-1945. [London] UK. pp. 688–689. ISBN 978-0-7139-9562-6. OCLC 1267476841.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ^ Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР «О присвоении звания Героя Советского Союза т. т. Ковпаку С. А., Копенкину И. И., Сабурову А. Н., Фёдорову А. Ф., особо отличившимся в партизанской борьбе в тылу против немецких захватчиков» от 18 мая 1942 года // Ведомости Верховного Совета Союза Советских Социалистических Республик : газета. — 1942. — 5 июня (№ 20 (179)). — С. 1.
  5. ^ Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР «О награждении Героев Советского Союза Ковпака Сидора Артемьевича и Фёдорова Алексея Фёдоровича второй медалью «Золотая звезда»» от 4 января 1944 года // Ведомости Верховного Совета Союза Советских Социалистических Республик : газета. — 1944. — 13 января (№ 2 (262)). — С. 1
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