Propanenitrile
| Propionitrile[1][2] | |
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Propanenitrile |
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Other names
ethyl cyanide; cyanoethane; propylnitrile; propionitrile |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 107-12-0  |
| PubChem | 7854 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL15871  |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C3H5N |
| Molar mass | 55.08 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear liquid |
| Density | 0.7918 g/cm3 at 20 °C |
| Melting point |
-91.8 °C, 181 K, -133 °F |
| Boiling point |
97.2 °C, 370 K, 207 °F |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Propanenitrile, Propionitrile or ethyl cyanide, is a nitrile with the molecular formula C2H5CN. It is a clear liquid with an ethereal, sweet odor.
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[edit] Production
Propanenitrile can be produced by the dehydration of propionamide, by catalytic reduction of acrylonitrile, or by distilling ethyl sulfate and potassium cyanide.
In 1979, the Kalama (Vega) plant in Beaufort, South Carolina experienced an explosion during the production of propanenitrile by nickel-catalyzed reduction of acrylonitrile.[3] This site is now one of the two Superfund cleanup sites in South Carolina.[3]
[edit] Toxicity
Propanenitrile is poisonous when heated to decomposition or upon treatment with acid.[citation needed] Propanenitrile has been determined to be teratogenic due to the metabolic release of cyanide.[4]
[edit] References
- ^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 7839
- ^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 52nd Ed., p. D-153
- ^ a b First Five-Year Review Report for Kalama Specialty Chemicals, Beaufort, Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States Environmental Protection Agency
- ^ Willhite, Calvin C.; Ferm, Vergil H.; Smith, Roger P. (1981). "Teratogenic effects of aliphatic nitriles". Teratology 23 (3): 317–323. doi:10.1002/tera.1420230306. PMID 6266064.
