SMS Emden (1908)

For other ships of the same name, see SMS Emden.

SMS Emden
Career (German Empire)
Name:	Emden
Namesake:	Emden
Builder:	Kaiserliche Werft Danzig
Laid down:	6 April 1906
Launched:	26 May 1908
Commissioned:	10 July 1909
Fate:	Run aground to avoid sinking after being severely damaged by HMAS Sydney at the Battle of Cocos 9 November 1914
General characteristics
Displacement:	3,364 tons normal
Length:	118 m (387 ft)
Beam:	13.4 m (44 ft)
Draught:	5.3 m (17 ft)
Propulsion:	Twelve boilers, two 16,000 shaft horsepower (12 MW) 3-cylinder triple expansion reciprocating steam engines driving two propellers
Speed:	23 knots (42.6 km/h)
Range:	3,700 mi (6,000 km)
Complement:	360
Armament:	Ten 10.5 cm SK L/40 rapid fire guns (10 x 1), and two torpedo-tubes
Armor:	Deck 13 mm (0.51 in), Belt 51 mm (2.0 in), Conning tower 102 mm (4.0 in)

SMS Emden was a light cruiser of the Imperial German Navy in World War I. The Emden raided Allied shipping in the Indian Ocean early in the war, sinking or capturing thirty Allied merchant vessels and warships. She was run aground by her captain to prevent her from sinking, after engaging the more powerful HMAS Sydney at the Battle of Cocos.

Early service

The Emden was launched at Danzig on 26 May 1908, she was commissioned into the Kaiserliche Marine on 10 July 1909. She was named after the German city of Emden, which sponsored the warship. Armed with ten 10.5 cm (4.1 in) guns, she was the last German cruiser to use reciprocating engines. Emden's sister ship SMS Dresden and all subsequent cruisers were equipped with steam turbines. As with most ships of the time, Emden's twelve boilers were heated by burning coal.

On 1 April 1910, the Emden officially entered the fleet and was assigned to the East Asian Station at Tsingtao in Germany's Chinese Kiautschou colony. Emden left Kiel on 12 April 1910, transited the Kiel Canal, and entered the open sea. She was never to see German home waters again. At Tsingtao she acquired the nickname "Swan of the East" because of her graceful lines.

Emden saw her first action suppressing the Sokehs Rebellion in the German Caroline Islands in January 1911. Together with the light cruiser SMS Nürnberg, she shelled rebel fortifications with her main battery, then sent an armed landing party ashore to capture the stronghold.

In May 1913, Emden received her last commanding officer, Korvettenkapitän Karl von Müller. The chivalry of Captain von Müller during his command would earn him the respect of both friend and foe. An enigmatic and quiet man, Müller suffered from recurring attacks of malaria, which killed him less than five years after the war.

During the Second Chinese Revolution, Müller was ordered to take the Emden to put down a revolt by the Chinese along the Yangtze River. In August 1913, she joined several British and Japanese warships on the Yangtze River and shelled a rebel fort into submission on 13 August.

World War I

SMS Emden at Tsingtao, 1914

Captain von Müller was well aware of how the Japanese fleet had trapped and destroyed the Russian fleet in Port Arthur during the Russo-Japanese War. When news came from Europe that war was imminent, he was determined not to let history repeat itself. The only major naval unit not on a routine mission at Pacific Ocean colonies, Emden left Tsingtao on 31 July 1914 and was at sea when news of the beginning of World War I was received on 2 August.

Two days later, Emden captured her first prize, the Russian steamer Rjasan (Ryaezan), which was boarded and escorted back to Tsingtao.

The German colony was soon surrounded by belligerents – British, French, Japanese and Russians; all had East Asian bases and warships near Kiautschou. The deep-water port at Tsingtao with its advanced shipyard facilities and neighbouring modern infrastructure was coveted by the Allies. Realizing the colony could not hold out for long, Müller left to join the German East Asia Squadron commanded by Vice Admiral Maximilian von Spee. Müller allowed the sailors to line the deck in shifts, "singing to the [ship's] band and staring at the German town spread out behind them in the low sun of evening" one last time.

On 8 August 1914, Emden rendezvoused with Spee's squadron at Pagan Island in the northern Marianas, then a German colony. Admiral von Spee wanted the squadron to stay united and attempt to reach Germany, but agreed to Captain von Müller's suggestion of deploying a single light cruiser to raid British merchant shipping in the Indian Ocean. Taking along the collier Markomannia "with a full load of first-class coal," the Emden detached from the fleet on 14 August 1914.

Dutch warship Tromp

Heading for the German Palau Islands, Emden met the gunboat Geier and informed her captain of the latest war news. Müller then began coaling his ship off Timor in the Dutch East Indies. Emden was intercepted by the neutral 5,300 ton Dutch coastal defense ship Tromp and "an elaborate exchange of courtesies ensued." Commander Müller, of lower rank and in Dutch colonial waters, called on the Dutch captain aboard Tromp. Her Captain politely explained the proclamation of neutrality of his nation and offered refreshments to his German guests. After the completion of coaling, Emden left, but deciphered a Dutch radio transmission reporting the passage of a four-funnel British warship in violation of Dutch neutrality. Taking advantage of the report, Müller built a dummy fourth smokestack on the ship’s superstructure to resemble the British cruiser HMS Yarmouth. On 28 August 1914, Emden then slipped through the narrow strait between Bali and Lombok into the Indian Ocean, her collier several miles astern in her wake.

Independent raider in the Indian Ocean

The cruise of the Emden

In 1914, the Indian Ocean was frequently referred to as a "British lake" because of British domination of the surrounding ports and the heavy traffic of British and Dominion merchant vessels in that ocean’s shipping lanes. On 10 September, the Emden began to prey upon the hundreds of unescorted British and Allied merchant ships. In September 1914, the Emden captured seventeen ships, all British except for two, which were neutral Italian and Norwegian vessels, and duly released. Most of the captured British ships were quickly sunk, either by fire from Emden's 10.5 cm (4.1 in) guns or by placing explosive charges deep in their hulls. Captain Müller was always gentlemanly to the captains and passengers of the ships he captured, and he made certain that every captured British sailor was treated well and kept safe.

The British Admiralty did not learn of the Emden's presence until 14 September, at which time it stopped all British shipping on the Colombo-Singapore route. This caused panic among the British and Allied shipping offices in the Indian Ocean. Insurance rates for merchant ships skyrocketed, shipping companies could not afford to leave harbour. It was a source of much embarrassment to the British and other Allies that a single German cruiser could effectively shut down the entire Indian Ocean.

Several warships from the British Australian and Far East squadrons, as well as a few French, Japanese and Russian cruisers, were dispatched to hunt down the Emden, but von Müller eluded them all. Some captains of British merchant ships, seeing the Emden approach, would salute her, mistaking her for the Yarmouth. Instead, the Emden would fire a shot over the bow, hoist the German naval ensign, and signal "stop at once – do not wireless."

Madras to Penang

Further information: Bombardment of Madras

Oil tanks on fire in the harbour of Madras (Chennai, India) following the bombardment on 22 September 1914

A plaque near Madras High court

On the night of 22 September 1914 Emden quietly approached the city of Madras on the south-eastern coast of the Indian peninsula. At 2130 hrs, Emden opened fire from 3,000 yards on the many large fuel oil tanks of the Burmah Oil Company, within the harbour. These were set ablaze with the first 30 rounds fired. The largest number of casualties were experienced by a merchant ship anchored in Madras harbour, 26 of whose crew were injured, five civilian sailors were killed in the action or died later of wounds sustained in combat. The action lasted about half an hour, by which time the shore batteries had begun to reply. However, Emden slipped away unscathed after firing 125 shells. Although the raid did little damage, it was a severe blow to British morale and thousands of people fled Madras.

Emden then sailed southwards down the east coast of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). She closed in upon Colombo, but refrained from making an attack on account of the searchlights constantly sweeping the harbour and coastal artillery placements. Legend has it that most of the artillery pieces were dummies made out of tree trunks. Nevertheless, she caused panic among the British. H.H. Engelbrecht, a Boer wildlife officer of German descent, was falsely accused of supplying meat to the cruiser and jailed. Sri Lankan mothers frightened their children with the Emden 'bogeyman'. The word 'emden', meaning 'streetsmart', entered the Tamil language following her successful attack on Madras, to this day a particularly cunning person is referred to as an Emdena.

Müller then steered towards Minicoy in the Laccadive Islands, where, between 25 and 29 September 1914, he sank six more Allied ships. In the meantime, HMS Hampshire and the Chikuma, of the Imperial Japanese Navy were given the task of searching for Emden in the Laccadive Sea. They were, however, unsuccessful, as their elusive prey had, by the time they arrived, slipped away to the Maldives.

Misled by an old chart, Müller decided to target the Chagos Archipelago next, expecting rich dividends. However, when he anchored at Diego Garcia on 5 October, far from finding even a single smoking funnel, he learned that the inhabitants had still not heard of the declaration of war. He repaired a motor-boat that belonged to one of the island's officials, and spent the next ten days having the ship's keel cleaned and her machinery overhauled. There was even time to touch up the Emden's paintwork.

Müller learned from intercepted radio signals that shipping had returned to its usual levels east of Ceylon and that the two Allied cruisers hunting for him had been reinforced only by the armed merchant-cruiser RMS Empress of Asia. He again raided the Laccadive Sea area around Minicoy, bagging ten Allied ships. Although the search for him was intensified, with shipping again suspended, he eluded the Hampshire and the Empress of Asia in rain squalls in the Maldives on the morning of 21 October and set course for the Nicobar Islands, where he coaled before his last great exploit at Penang.

HMS Yarmouth

The Allies had decided by this time to institute serious measures. HMS Yarmouth and the Russian cruiser Askold were transferred from convoy duty to the hunt for the Emden. The Imperial Japanese Navy sent the cruisers Tokiwa and Yakumo to the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal to reinforce the Chikuma and the Russian cruiser Zhemchug already patrolling there.

From the Nicobars, working his way south-east, Captain Müller set his sights upon the British port of Penang in British Malaya. On the morning of 28 October, Emden entered the harbour at top speed, still disguised as a British cruiser with the fake fourth smokestack. During what became known as the Battle of Penang, she raised the German flag once inside the harbour and launched a torpedo at the Zhemchug, a veteran of the Battle of Tsushima, followed by a salvo of shells which riddled the Russian ship. A second torpedo, fired as the Emden turned to leave, penetrated the forward magazine, causing an explosion that sank the ship. The captain of the Zhemchug had been ashore seeing his mistress during the attack; he was subsequently demoted and imprisoned. A party of sixty Chinese prostitutes were aboard at the time of the action; their fate is unknown.

French destroyer Mousquet

As quickly as Emden had arrived, she turned around and made good her escape. The French destroyer Mousquet followed Emden, under the impression that she was a British cruiser chasing the enemy raider. Once out to sea, the Emden turned on the lone French destroyer and opened fire, catching the Mousquet by surprise and quickly sinking her. Her sister ships, Pistolet and Fronde, also tried to shadow Emden, but soon lost contact. Thirty-six French survivors from Mousquet were rescued by Emden, and when three died of their injuries, they were buried at sea with full honours. Two days later, the remaining Frenchmen were transferred to a British steamer, Newburn, which had been stopped by the German ship, but not attacked, so as to enable them to be transported to Sabang, Sumatra, in the neutral Dutch East Indies. The French sailors were safely ashore the following day; the British captain even mailed a letter for Captain Müller.

In this period, Emden was arguably the most hunted ship in the world, and yet Müller managed to elude the combined efforts of the Japanese cruisers Yahaghi and Chikuma, the Russian Askold and the British Hampshire and Yarmouth, HMS Gloucester, HMS Weymouth, RMS Empress of Russia and SS Empress of Australia.

The battle with the Sydney

Main article: Battle of Cocos

Wreck of SMS Emden

Captain von Müller took the ship through the Sunda Strait towards the Cocos Islands, where he planned to destroy the Eastern Telegraph Company wireless station at Direction Island, thereby crippling Allied communication in the Indian Ocean. He aimed to make for Socotra afterwards and plague Allied merchant shipping on the Bombay-Aden route. However, this was not to be.

By now, no fewer than sixty Allied warships were combing the Indian Ocean in the search for the Emden. She reached Direction Island on 9 November 1914. Müller decided to send a landing party ashore under First Lieutenant Helmuth von Mücke to destroy the station's radio tower and equipment. Fifty seamen with rifles and machine guns were sent ashore. The British civilians, aware of the gallant conduct of the Emden's captain and crew, did not resist. The Emden's landing party even agreed not to knock the radio tower down over the island's tennis court.

Unfortunately for Emden, Superintendent Dover Farrant of the Eastern Telegraph Company had seen Emden's lack of a fourth funnel and had sent out a general call of a strange warship in the area. The Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney, armed with eight 6 inches (150 mm) guns, was dispatched at 0630 hours from an Australian troop convoy en route to Colombo. Being a mere 55 miles (89 km) north of Direction Island, she arrived there in about three hours.

When lookouts on Emden spotted the Sydney approaching, Captain von Müller had no choice but to raise anchor, leaving his landing party on Direction Island, and engage the Australian cruiser. Sydney was larger and faster than Emden and outranged her, but still the fight went on for nearly an hour and a half. Early on, Emden managed to knock out a gun on Sydney and destroy the Australian ship's rangefinder. However, Emden herself suffered serious damage, being struck over 100 times by shells from Sydney. Her firing dwindled and Captain von Müller beached Emden on North Keeling Island at 1115 hrs to avoid sinking.

At this point, Sydney left the scene to pursue a collier that had been supporting Emden. Returning at 1630 hours to the beached cruiser, Sydney's commander, Captain John Glossop, saw that Emden was still flying her battle flag, denoting her intention to continue resistance. A signal requesting surrender was sent, but was not answered. Sydney re-opened fire, causing further casualties before Emden finally struck her colours. Glossop later said that he "felt like a murderer" for ordering the last salvoes, but had no choice under the circumstances. German losses were 131 dead and 65 wounded. Captain von Müller and the rest of his crew were made prisoners of war. The officers were, however, allowed to retain their swords as a mark of honour. Sydney then steamed to Direction Island to verify the state of the wireless station and the cable. However, since it was already too dark to make a landing by then, Captain Glossop had to lie off until the next morning.

In the meantime, Lieutenant von Mücke had hoisted the Imperial German flag, declaring the island a German possession, putting all Englishmen under martial law and making arrangements for the defence of the beach, installing machine guns and having trenches dug. Having observed the battle between his ship and the Sydney, he commandeered a sailing vessel, the 123-ton, three-masted schooner Ayesha, and gave the order to sail. Although she was old and rotten, von Mücke had her repaired so well that, before sunset, all of the German landing party with their weapons boarded her and departed, navigating shallow and reef filled waters to reach his destination (Padang, Sumatra) without a single chart.

Prize log of the Emden

Date (all 1914)	Belligerent ship	Tonnage	Flag	Cargo	Fate
4 August	Rjasan	Unknown	Russian	General	Taken to Tsing-Tau
10 September	Pontoporus	4,049	Greek	Coal	Captured by HMS Yarmouth
10 September	Indus	3,393	British	General	Sunk
11 September	Lovat	6,102	British	Ballast	Sunk
12 September	Kabinga	4,657	British		Released 14 September
13 September	Killin	3,512	British	Coal	Sunk
13 September	Diplomat	7,615	British	General	Sunk
12 September	Dandolo		Italian	General	Released
14 September	Trabboch	4,014	British	Ballast	Sunk
14 September	Clan Matheson	4,775	British	General	Sunk
18 September	Dovre		Norwegian		Released
25 September	King Lud	3,650	British	Ballast	Sunk
25 September	Tymeric	3,314	British	Sugar	Sunk
26 September	Gryfevale	4,437	British	General	Released
27 September	Buresk	4,350	British	Coal	Scuttled after capture by HMAS Sydney
27 September	Riberra	4,147	British	Ballast	Sunk
27 September	Foyle	4,147	British	Ballast	Sunk
27 September	Djocja		Dutch	Empty	Released
16 October	Clan Grant	3,948	British	General	Sunk
16 October	Benmohr	4,806	British	General	Sunk
16 October	Ponrabbel	4,73	British	Dredger	Sunk
18 October	Troilus	7,526	British	General	Sunk
18 October	Fernando Poo		Spanish		Released
18 October	St Egbert	5,526	British	General	Sunk
19 October	Exford	4,542	British	Coal	Captured by RMS Empress of Asia
19 October	Chilkana	5,146	British	General	Sunk
28 October	Glenturret		British	General	Released
28 October	Russian cruiser Zhemchug	3,103	Russian Cruiser		Sunk by Torpedo
28 October	Mousquet	300	French Destroyer		Sunk by gunfire
30 October	Newburn		British		Released with survivors from Mousquet
9 November	Ayesha	97	British	Schooner	Used for escape – Sunk by shore party off Sumatra

Epilogue

The 10.5 cm (4.1 in) A gun taken from Emden, in Hyde Park, Sydney in 2007

Müller had the Iron Cross First Class bestowed upon him by Kaiser Wilhelm II. In fact, every officer serving on the Emden was awarded the Iron Cross First Class and 50 crewmen were given the Iron Cross Second Class. He was later moved to England while his men remained in captivity on Malta, until November 1919. In October 1918, Müller was released early as part of a prisoner exchange. Returning home to Germany, he was presented with the Pour le Merite, promoted to Kapitän zur See and later retired from the navy due to ill-health. He died suddenly on 11 March 1923.

As a signal mark of honour, the Government of Germany allowed all the surviving officers and men to suffix the word 'Emden' to their names (an inheritable honour); the honour is remembered to this day in the form of the numerous 'X-Emdens' among German citizens still extant. This does not, however, represent an ennobling, as it was, in practice, done after the war, when the 'Emdenfahrer' ('Emden voyagers') were repatriated and Nobility had lost its official status in Germany (whether Wilhelm II issued such an order while still on the throne is not conclusively known). According to the Almanach de Gotha, Volume I (2000), one of them was Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden (1891–1964).

Lieutenant von Mücke and his landing party made for Padang on Sumatra, in the neutral Dutch East Indies, where they rendezvoused with a German merchant vessel on 13 December 1914. The party reached Hodeida in the Ottoman Empire province of North Yemen, from where they undertook an epic overland journey under constant harassment before arriving at Constantinople on 5 May 1915. From there, they travelled overland to Germany.

The captured German sailors were transferred to Singapore, which at that stage was only garrisoned by the 5th Indian Light Infantry Regiment and some Malay States Guides. On 15 February 1915, nearly eight hundred and fifty men of the 5th Light Infantry mutinied, along with nearly a hundred men of the Malay States Guides. This revolt lasted almost seven days, and resulted in the deaths of 47 British soldiers and local civilians. The mutineers also released the interned crew of the SMS Emden, who were asked by the mutineers to join them but they refused and actually took up arms to defend the barracks after the mutineers had left (sheltering some British refuges as well), until the prison camp was relieved. The mutineers went on the rampage in Keppel Harbour. The mutiny was quickly suppressed by loyal police (mainly Sikhs) and sailors from ships in port. The press reported that at least one Emden officer, Lieutenant Lauterbach, used the confusion of the mutiny to make good an escape. However, in an account given to an American journalist Lauterbach denied inciting the native troops against the British and argued the escape occurred via tunnelling after the "revolution" had been "settled". (For a more thorough analysis of the mutiny itself see the Hindu-German Conspiracy page).

The mascot of the Emden, a 12 cm (4.7 in) bronze figure of a woman, was presented to Sir John Hope Simpson, then acting commander of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A shell from the ship can be seen in the Madras city museum.

The AWM image of a gun and mounting from the Emden, taken in c1920

Three of Emden's main guns and their mountings were recovered from the wreck, two with shields and one without. In 1917 a 10.5 cm (4.1 in) gun from the Emden was installed as a monument in Sydney's Hyde Park. Another is on display in the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, alongside a projected video map of the engagement. The third gun had been on outdoor display at HMAS Penguin since the 1950s, until a restoration was undertaken in 2010 by the Royal Australian Navy's Fleet Support Unit - Sydney which refurbished and repainted the gun in the original 1914 German paint scheme. The gun was then put on display at the Royal Australian Navy Heritage Centre on Garden Island.

The ship's whistle was salvaged and given to General Sir John Monash who, as chairman of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV) in 1928, had it installed as the siren at the new Yallourn Power Station. Audible across the area, it signalled shift changes, breaks and emergencies until Yallourn was shut down and the whistle was donated by the SECV to a local museum in 1980.

Since the destruction of the Emden in 1914, four other warships of the German navy have received the same name.

• The second Emden was a light cruiser built in 1916. She was beached at Scapa Flow in 1919, when much of the High Seas Fleet was scuttled, and was given over to the French Navy who eventually scrapped her in 1926.
• The third Emden was a light cruiser built in 1925. She was the first new warship built in Germany after World War I, and mostly served as a training ship until scuttled in May 1945.
• The fourth Emden was a Köln class frigate of 1959, which was sold to the Turkish Navy in 1983. An engine room fire in 1989 took her out of service and she was scrapped in 1994.
• The latest Emden is a Bremen class frigate that was commissioned in 1983 and is still in service with the German Navy.

As Kaiser Wilhelm II also awarded the Iron Cross to the ship herself (the only other instance being SM U-9), the four later Emdens have all carried large symbols of this medal on their bows or forecastles.

SMS Emden has been a part of the Malayalam vocabulary as "emenden", roughly translated means 'great'. Fear of the ship's prowess had amazed the people of the Malabar Coast during the First World War, even though SMS Emden never attacked the Malabar Coast.

Two German films Our Emden (1926) and Cruiser Emden (1932) were made about the warship, both directed by Louis Ralph.

Further reading

• Frame, Tom. (2004). No Pleasure Cruise: The Story of the Royal Australian Navy. Sydney: Allen & Unwin 10-ISBN 1-74114-233-4; 13-ISBN 978-1-74114-233-4 (paper)
• Hoehling, A.A. LONELY COMMAND A DOCUMENTARY Thomas Yoseloff, Inc., 1957.
• Hoyt, Edwin P. The Last Cruise of the Emden: The Amazing True World War I Story of a German-Light Cruiser and Her Courageous Crew. The Lyons Press, 2001. ISBN 1-58574-382-8.
• Hohenzollern, Franz Joseph, Prince of, EMDEN: MY EXPERIENCES IN S.M.S. EMDEN. New York: G. Howard Watt, 1928.
• Huff, Gunter: S.M.S Emden 1909–1914, Schicksal eines Kleinen Kreuzers. Hamecher Verlag, ISBN 3-920307-49-6.
• Lochner, R. K. Last Gentleman-Of-War: Raider Exploits of the Cruiser Emden Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1988. ISBN 0-87021-015-7.
• Roche, Jean-Michel ARQUEBUSE - contre-torpilleur de 300t type Arquebuse (1903-1920). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 2, 1870 - 2006. Toulon: Roche, 2005 ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6.
• McClement, Fred. Guns in paradise. Paper Jacks, 1979. ISBN 0-7701-0116-X.
• Mücke, Hellmuth von. The Emden-Ayesha Adventure: German Raiders in the South Seas and Beyond, 1914. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2000. ISBN 1-55750-873-9.
• Schmalenbach, Paul German raiders: A history of auxiliary cruisers of the German Navy, 1895–1945. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1979. ISBN 0-87021-824-7.
• Van der Vat, Dan. Gentlemen of War, The Amazing Story of Captain Karl von Müller and the SMS Emden. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. 1984. ISBN 0-688-03115-3
• Walter, John The Kaiser's Pirates: German Surface Raiders in World War One. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1994. ISBN 1-55750-456-3.
• Divakar "SMS எம்டன் 22-09-1914" Published by Palaniappa Brothers, Madras 600014, India. A Tamil novel written in the background of SMS Emden's bombing of Madras Harbour in 1914. எம்டன் is Tamil word for Emden
• NAA: M1141, Item 1A, The cruise of the S.M.S. Emden, 28.7.1914 - 9.11.1914; and NAA: M1141, Item 1A, World War I – Letters to and from parents and brother [Papers of R G Casey. Casey was permanent officer of the guard over the German prisoners of war from the SMS Emden on the RMS Orvietto between Colombo, Sri Lanka, and Cairo, Egypt.]
• NAA: M1148, EMDEN, Emden [contains correspondence, maps and documents relating to the battle between the SMS Emden and the HMAS Sydney during WWI compiled by R G Casey from captured German officers on the Emden]

External links

• "ZHEMCHUG", "EMDEN" AND "SYDNEY"
• Cruisers EMDEN, Frigates EMDEN – 5 warships named EMDEN until today (German)
• World War I Naval Combat
• Karl Friedrich Max von Müller: Captain of the Emden During World War I
• Eyewitness account of the "Battle of Cocos"
• Excellent Gunter Huff Model in 1/100 scale
• When Emden Bombed Madras
• Discovered: Pictures of Madras after Emden struck