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उंज़्रूख़ एक कृत्रिम भाषा है।

सर्वनाम
पुरुष एकवचन बहुवचन
उत्तम पुरुष यौ शन
मध्यम पुरुष नि किख़
प्रथम पुरुष समीप व वा वु वो
प्रथम पुरुष दूर फ फा फु फो

Phonology[edit]

Consonants[edit]

Labial Dental Alveolar Retroflex Post-alv./
Palatal
Velar Glottal
Plosive /
Affricate
voiceless p t ts ʈ k
aspriated tsʰ ʈʰ tʃʰ
voiced b d dz ɖ ɡ
breathy dzʱ ɖʱ dʒʱ
Fricative voiceless s ʃ ɦ
voiced z
Nasal m mʱ n nʱ ɳ (ŋ)
Lateral l lʱ ɭ
Trill/Tap r ɽ ɽʱ
Approximant j w
  • [ŋ] is heard when a nasal occurs before velar stops.
  • [f] can be heard as an allophone of pʰ.
  • Aspirated versions of m, n,ɳ, l,ɭ, r, w can be considered as separate phonemes.

Vowels[edit]

The vowels of Mandeali language are shown below.

Front Central Back
Close i iː u uː
Mid (e) eː ə əː (o) oː
Open-mid ɛː ɔː
Open

Vowels[edit]

Front Central Back
Close
Near-close ɪ ʊ
Close-mid ə əː
Open-mid ɛː ɔː
Open
  • There are nasalized variations of the following vowels /ĩ ũ õ ɛ̃ ɔ̃ ã/.[1]
  • Vowel sounds are often nasalized when occurring before a word-medial or word-final /n/, except when /n/ occurs before a word-final vowel.
  • /ʊ/ can have a marginal upgliding allophone [ʊᵛ] when occurring before a /a/ vowel sound.
  • A word-final // is realized as a back sound [ɑː] and may also drift toward a centralized [äː] sound.[2]

Grammar[edit]

Pronouns[edit]

The Pronouns of Mandeali for different person and number are -

1st Person Singular : हाऊँ /ɦaːũ/

1st Person Plural : आस्से /asːe/

2nd Person Singular : तू /tu/

2nd Person Plural : तुस्से /t̪usːe/

3rd Person Proximate Singular  : ए, ये /eː, jeː/

3rd Person Proximate Plural : यों /jõː/

3rd Person Distal Singular : से /seː/

3rd Person Distal Plural : स्यों /sjõː/

Noun Cases[edit]

  • Mandeali - Hindi - English - Case
  • घर /gʱəːr/ (noun)

1. घर - घर - home - Nominative

2. घरो/ घरा जो - घर को - to home - Accusative

3. घरे - घर ने - Ergative

‌4. घरा के/ घरा कन्ने/ घरा साउगी - घर के साथ - with house - Comitative

5. घरा ले/ घरा ला - घर से - through home - Instrumental

6. घरा कट्ठे - घर के लिए - for home - Dative

7. घरा ले/ घरा ला - घर से - from home - Ablative

8. घरा रा/रे/री - घर का/की/के - of home - Genetive

  • Locatives

9. घरा/ घरा मंझ - घर में - Innesive

10. घरा गास, परयाल्हे, पर - घर पर - Addesive

  • Others

11. घरा (sing)/ घरो (plural)- ओ घर - Vocative

12. घरा साँहीं - घर जैसा - Similative

13. घरा तिक्कर/ तिक - घर तक - Terminative

Numerals[edit]

Numeral Mandeali
1 एक्क ekk
2 दुई duī
3 त्राए trāē
4 चार chār
5 पांज pānj
6 छेह chheh
7 सात्त sātt
8 आठ āṭh
9 नौ nau
10 दस das
11 ग्यारा gyārā
12 बारा bārā
13 तेहरा tehrā
14 चउदा chaudā
15 पंद्रा pandrā
16 सोळा soḷā
17 सतारा satārā
18 ठारा ṭhārā
19 उन्नी unni
20 बीह bīh
  1. ^ "Dogri". lisindia.ciil.org. Retrieved 2021-12-09.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).