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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
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{|{{Infobox ship begin

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}}
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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image = [[File:ARA Alférez Sobral (A-9).jpg|300px]]
| Ship image = ARA Alférez Sobral (A-9).jpg
|Ship caption = ''Alférez Sobral'' in [[Ushuaia]], 2008
| Ship caption = ''Alférez Sobral'' in [[Ushuaia]], 2008
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Ship country=United States
| Ship country = United States
|Ship flag = {{USN flag|1972}}
| Ship flag = {{USN flag|1972}}
|Ship name = [[USS Salish (ATA-187)]]
| Ship name =
|Ship namesake = [[Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation|Salish tribe]]
| Ship namesake = [[Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation|Salish tribe]]
|Ship ordered =
| Ship ordered =
|Ship builder =
| Ship builder =
|Ship laid down = 29 August 1944
| Ship laid down = 29 August 1944
|Ship launched = 29 September 1944
| Ship launched = 29 September 1944
|Ship commissioned = 7 December 1944
| Ship commissioned = 7 December 1944
|Ship named = ''Salish'', 16 July 1948
| Ship named = ''Salish'', 16 July 1948
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header = yes
| Hide header = yes
|Ship decommissioned = 10 February 1972
| Ship decommissioned = 10 February 1972
|Ship fate = transferred to [[Argentine Navy]], 10 February 1972
| Ship fate = transferred to [[Argentine Navy]], 10 February 1972
|Ship notes =
| Ship notes =
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header = yes
| Hide header = yes
|Ship struck = 1 February 1975
| Ship struck = 1 February 1975
|Ship reinstated =
| Ship reinstated =
|Ship notes =
| Ship honours =
|Ship honours =
| Ship notes =
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=title
|Ship country=Argentina
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Argentina|naval}}
| Ship country = Argentina
| Ship flag = {{shipboxflag|Argentina|naval}}
|Ship name=''Alférez Sobral''
|Ship namesake =[[José María Sobral]]
| Ship name = ''Alférez Sobral''
|Ship acquired = 10 February 1972
| Ship namesake = [[José María Sobral]]
|Ship commissioned =
| Ship acquired = 10 February 1972
|Ship decommissioned =
| Ship commissioned =
| Ship decommissioned = August 2018
⚫
|Ship in service =
|Ship out of service =
| Ship in service =
|Ship struck =
| Ship out of service =
|Ship reinstated =
| Ship struck =
|Ship fate =
| Ship reinstated =
|Ship status ={{Ship in active service}}
| Ship honours =
|Ship notes =
| Ship fate =
|Ship honours =
| Ship status =
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| Ship notes =
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}}
}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header =
| Hide header =
|Header caption =
| Header caption =
|Ship class =
| Ship class =
|Ship displacement = 835 tons (848 t) (full)
| Ship displacement = 835 tons (848 t) (full)
|Ship length = {{convert|143|ft|abbr=on}}
| Ship length = {{convert|143|ft|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam = {{convert|33|ft|10|in|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|33|ft|10|in|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft = {{convert|13|ft|2|in|abbr=on}}
| Ship draft = {{convert|13|ft|2|in|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion =*Diesel-electric engines,
| Ship propulsion = *Diesel-electric engines,
*{{convert|1,500|shp|abbr=on}} single screw
*{{convert|1,500|shp|abbr=on}} single screw
|Ship speed = {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}
| Ship speed = {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range =
| Ship range =
|Ship complement = 45–49
| Ship complement = 45–49
|Ship sensors =
| Ship sensors =
|Ship EW =
| Ship EW =
|Ship armament =*as ''Salish''
| Ship armament = *as ''Salish''
*1 × single 3 inch/50 guns,
*1 × single 3 inch/50 guns,
*2 × twin 40 mm AA guns
*2 × twin 40 mm AA guns
*as ''Alférez Sobral''
*as ''Alférez Sobral''
*1 × [[Bofors 40 mm gun|40 mm /60 Bofors]] gun,
*1 × [[Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60|40 mm /60 Bofors]] gun,
*2 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon]]
*2 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon]]
|Ship notes =
| Ship notes =
}}
}}
|}
|}
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'''ARA ''Alférez Sobral'' (A-9)''' is an 800-ton [[Tugboat|ocean-going tug]]<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.towingline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Argentina-Navya.pdf|title = Directory of the Ocean Tugs of the Argentina Navy|access-date = 9 July 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150710211454/http://www.towingline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Argentina-Navya.pdf|archive-date = 10 July 2015|url-status = dead}}</ref> that was in service with the [[Argentine Navy]] from 1972 until 2019, where she was classified as an ''[[aviso]].''<ref name=specs>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080220144555/http://www.fuerzasnavales.com/flomar/ficha_buque_sotoyomo.htm fuerzasnavales.com: Technical Specs and picture of ''aviso'' ARA ''Sobral''] {{in lang|es}}</ref> She had previously served in the [[US Navy]] as the fleet tug {{USS|Salish|ATA-187}}. In Argentine service an ''aviso'' is a small naval vessel used for a number of auxiliary tasks, including tugging, laying buoys, and replenishing other ships, lighthouses and naval bases.<ref name=second>[http://www.irizar.org/malvinas-acciones-5.html Aviso ARA A"lférez Sobral" en combate], article by her second-in-command in 1982 {{in lang|es}}</ref>

⚫
'''ARA ''Alférez Sobral'' (A-9)''' is an 800-ton [[Tugboat|ocean-going tug]]<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.towingline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Argentina-Navya.pdf|title = Directory of the Ocean Tugs of the Argentina Navy|date = |accessdate = 9 July 2015|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> in service with the [[Argentine Navy]] since 1972, where she is classified as an ''[[aviso]].''<ref name=specs>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080220144555/http://www.fuerzasnavales.com/flomar/ficha_buque_sotoyomo.htm fuerzasnavales.com: Technical Specs and picture of ''aviso'' ARA ''Sobral''] {{es icon}}</ref> She had previously served in the [[US Navy]] as the fleet tug {{USS|Salish|ATA-187}}. In Argentine service an ''aviso'' is a small naval vessel used for a number of auxiliary tasks, including tugging, laying buoys, and replenishing other ships, lighthouses and naval bases.<ref name=second>[http://www.irizar.org/malvinas-acciones-5.html Aviso ARA A"lférez Sobral" en combate], article by her second-in-command in 1982 {{es icon}}</ref>


==US Navy service==
==US Navy service==
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==Argentine Navy service==
==Argentine Navy service==
[[File:AlferezSobral.jpg|thumb|250px|''Sobral'' shortly after joining Argentina's Navy]]
[[File:AlferezSobral.jpg|thumb|''Alférez Sobral'' shortly after joining Argentina's Navy]]


The ship was named after Antarctic explorer [[Alférez (rank)#Argentina|Alférez]] [[José María Sobral]] (1880–1961). She was acquired on 10 February 1972 along with her sister-ship [[ARA Comodoro Somellera (A-10)|ARA ''Comodoro Somellera'']] from [[Mayport, Florida]] on 6 March 1972 and arriving to [[Puerto Belgrano]] on 18 April.
The ship was named after Antarctic explorer [[Alférez (rank)#Argentina|Alférez]] [[José María Sobral]] (1880–1961). She was acquired on 10 February 1972 along with her sister-ship {{ship|ARA|Comodoro Somellera|A-10|6}} from [[Naval Station Mayport|Mayport, Florida]] on 6 March 1972 and arriving to [[Puerto Belgrano]] on 18 April.


===Falklands War===
===Falklands War===
In the early hours of 3&nbsp;May 1982, the ship was hit by at least two [[Sea Skua]] [[anti-ship missile]]s fired by British [[Westland Lynx|Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.2/3]] helicopters.
In the early hours of 3&nbsp;May 1982, the vessel was hit by at least two [[Sea Skua]] [[anti-ship missile]]s fired by British [[Westland Lynx|Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.2/3]] helicopters.


At the time the ship was approximately 60 nautical miles (110&nbsp;km)<ref>{{cite web| last = Smith | first = Gordon |title = Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — by Land, Sea and Air, Reading Notes and Abbreviations | work = Battles of the Falkland's War | publisher = Ian Allan | year = 1989 | url = http://www.naval-history.net/F03Abbrevs.htm | format = PDF, html | accessdate = 9 December 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081203232752/http://www.naval-history.net/F03Abbrevs.htm| archivedate= 3 December 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Smith | first = Gordon | title = Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — by Land, Sea and Air, Preliminary British Operations (Parts 20-30), Part 26. HMS Sheffield Sunk, Week Six, Falkland Area Operations 3rd–9th May 1982 | work = Battles of the Falkland's War | publisher = Ian Allan | year = 1989 | url = http://www.naval-history.net/F36opsweek6.htm | format = PDF, html | accessdate = 9 December 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081203232956/http://www.naval-history.net/F36opsweek6.htm| archivedate= 3 December 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> north of the [[Falkland Islands]] searching for the crew of a downed [[English Electric Canberra|Canberra]] (B-110) bomber that had been shot down two days earlier by an [[AIM-9 Sidewinder]] [[Air-to-air missile|AAM (air-to-air missile)]] fired from a British [[BAE Sea Harrier|BAe Sea Harrier FRS.Mk.1]] (XZ451). The ''Sobral'' was initially spotted by a [[Westland Sea King]] helicopter. When the helicopter approached to investigate, it was shot at by the vessel's [[20 mm caliber|20 mm]] fore cannon. The helicopter immediately retreated and called for assistance.
At the time the ship was approximately {{convert|60|nmi}}<ref>{{cite web| last = Smith | first = Gordon |title = Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — by Land, Sea and Air, Reading Notes and Abbreviations | work = Battles of the Falkland's War | publisher = Ian Allan | year = 1989 | url = http://www.naval-history.net/F03Abbrevs.htm | format = PDF, html | access-date = 9 December 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081203232752/http://www.naval-history.net/F03Abbrevs.htm| archive-date= 3 December 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Smith | first = Gordon | title = Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — by Land, Sea and Air, Preliminary British Operations (Parts 20-30), Part 26. HMS Sheffield Sunk, Week Six, Falkland Area Operations 3rd–9th May 1982 | work = Battles of the Falkland's War | publisher = Ian Allan | year = 1989 | url = http://www.naval-history.net/F36opsweek6.htm | format = PDF, html | access-date = 9 December 2008| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081203232956/http://www.naval-history.net/F36opsweek6.htm| archive-date= 3 December 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> north of the [[Falkland Islands]] searching for the crew of a [[English Electric Canberra|Canberra]] (B-110) bomber that had been shot down two days earlier by an [[AIM-9 Sidewinder]] [[Air-to-air missile|AAM (air-to-air missile)]] fired from a British [[BAE Sea Harrier|BAe Sea Harrier FRS.Mk.1]] (XZ451). The ''Alférez Sobral'' was initially spotted by a [[Westland Sea King]] helicopter. When the helicopter approached to investigate and was engaged by ''Alférez Sobral''<nowiki/>'s fore Oerlikon cannon, the helicopter retreated and requested an armed response.


In response {{HMS|Coventry|D118|6}} and {{HMS|Glasgow|D88|6}} launched their Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.2/3 helicopters. ''Coventry''{{'s}} Lynx (XZ242) attacked first, firing two Sea Skua ([[Air-to-surface missile|air-to-surface]]) anti-ship missile<nowiki/>s. One of the missiles narrowly missed the bridge, the second hit ''Sobral''{{'s}} fiberglass motorboat, injuring the crew of a 20&nbsp;mm cannon and knocking out the radio aerials.
In response {{HMS|Coventry|D118|6}} and {{HMS|Glasgow|D88|6}} launched their Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.2/3 helicopters. ''Coventry''{{'s}} Lynx (XZ242) attacked first, firing two Sea Skua ([[Air-to-surface missile|air-to-surface]]) anti-ship missiles. One of the missiles narrowly missed the bridge, the second hit ''Alférez Sobral''{{'s}} fibreglass motorboat, injuring the crew of a 20&nbsp;mm cannon and knocking out the radio aerials.


Twenty minutes later ''Glasgow''{{'s}} Lynx (XZ247) launched two more missiles, at least one of which struck the bridge, causing extensive damage. The attack killed eight of the crew—including the ship's captain, [[Lieutenant Commander]] Sergio Gómez Roca—and injured eight. The ''Sobral'' lost all her electrical power, radio, radar and compass; she had no working navigational aids.
Twenty minutes later ''Glasgow''{{'s}} Lynx (XZ247) launched two more missiles, at least one of which struck the bridge, causing extensive damage. The attack killed eight of the crew—including the ship's captain, [[Lieutenant Commander]] Sergio Gómez Roca—and injured eight. The ''Alférez Sobral'' lost all her electrical power, radio, radar and compass; she had no working navigational aids other than a landing compass, unsuitable for sailing.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Deuda de sangre: historia naval y amnesia en la Argentina : 1810-1893 y 1982|last=Cavalieri|first=Daniel|publisher=Instituto de Publicaciones Navales|year=2005|isbn=9508990600|pages=302|language=es}}</ref>


She was found and helped by a [[Sikorsky S-61|Sikorsky S-61N]] LV-OCL (a civilian helicopter requisitioned by the Argentine Air Force as part of [[Escuadron Fenix]]<ref name=":2">[http://www.escuadronfenix.org.ar/nuestrahistoria.html Escuadrón Fénix Web site: History] {{es icon}}</ref> and piloted by First Lieutenant Lucero) which evacuated the injured. ''Sobral'' was then assisted by the civilian trawler ''María Alejandra''<ref>Muñoz, Jorge (2000) ''Misión Cumplida''. Editorial Epopeya, p. 141 {{es icon}}</ref> and finally reached [[Puerto Deseado]] on 5&nbsp;May. The attack had occurred at the approximated position {{coord|49|50|00|S|58|37|00|W}}.
She was found and helped by a [[Sikorsky S-61|Sikorsky S-61N]] LV-OCL (a civilian helicopter requisitioned by the [[Argentine Air Force]] as part of [[Escuadron Fenix]]<ref name=":2">[http://www.escuadronfenix.org.ar/nuestrahistoria.html Escuadrón Fénix Web site: History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924002025/http://www.escuadronfenix.org.ar/nuestrahistoria.html |date=24 September 2015 }} {{in lang|es}}</ref> and piloted by First Lieutenant Lucero) which evacuated the injured. ''Alférez Sobral'' was then assisted by the civilian trawler ''María Alejandra''<ref>Muñoz, Jorge (2000) ''Misión Cumplida''. Editorial Epopeya, p. 141 {{in lang|es}}</ref> and finally reached [[Puerto Deseado]] on 5&nbsp;May. The attack had occurred at the approximated position {{coord|49|50|00|S|58|37|00|W}}.


=== Post-war ===
=== Post-war ===
Since 1993 ''Sobral'' had been based at [[Ushuaia]]; in February 2010 she moved to [[Mar del Plata]] switching places with ARA ''Gurruchaga'' (A-3).<ref>[http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1635&idSec=7 ''Un navío heroico con nuevo puerto en Mar del Plata''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317003505/http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1635&idSec=7 |date=17 March 2010 }} {{es icon}}</ref>
From 1993 ''Alférez Sobral'' was based at [[Ushuaia]]; in February 2010 she moved to [[Mar del Plata]] switching places with [[USS Luiseno|ARA ''Gurruchaga'']].<ref>[http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1635&idSec=7 ''Un navío heroico con nuevo puerto en Mar del Plata''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317003505/http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1635&idSec=7 |date=17 March 2010 }} {{in lang|es}}</ref> In 2001 she assisted the expedition ship ''[[Caledonian Star]]'' which had been struck by a [[rogue wave]] during transit of the [[Drake Passage]].<ref>[https://archive.today/20120703015313/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=54730 ''Llegó a Ushuaia el crucero averiado y no podrá zarpar''] {{in lang|es}}</ref> She remained in service until 2018.<ref name=":0" />

In 2001 she assisted the expedition ship ''[[Caledonian Star]]'' which had been struck by a [[rogue wave]] during transit of the [[Drake Passage]].<ref>[http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=54730 ''Llegó a Ushuaia el crucero averiado y no podrá zarpar''] {{es icon}}</ref>

She was still in service 28 years after the war.<ref name=second/>


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==
The ship survived the conflict and remained in naval service until August 2018. There are plans to preserve ''Alférez Sobral'' as a museum ship in [[Santa Fe, Argentina|Santa Fe]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |url=https://www.ellitoral.com/index.php/id_um/177310-un-buque-heroico-que-participo-en-malvinas-sera-donado-a-la-ciudad-tras-largas-gestiones-del-centro-de-ex-combatientes-local-area-metropolitana.html |title=Un buque heroico que participó en Malvinas será donado a la ciudad (A heroic vessel that participated in the Falklands War will be donated to the city) |last=Andreychuk |first=Luciano |date=2018-08-22 |work=El Litoral |access-date=2018-08-23}}</ref> In 2022 it was reported that she might be placed on the disposal list.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Defensa.com |date=2022-07-27 |title=Buques de la Armada Argentina para chatarra - Noticias Defensa defensa.com Argentina |url=https://www.defensa.com/argentina/buques-armada-argentina-para-chatarra |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Defensa.com |language=es}}</ref> The ship's badly damaged bridge is currently on display at the Naval Museum in [[Tigre Partido|Tigre]], Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.
The ship survived the conflict and remains in naval service more than 30 years after the war. The ship's badly damaged bridge is currently on display at the Naval Museum in [[Tigre Partido|Tigre]], Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.


Argentina's final [[Espora class corvette]] was renamed {{ship|ARA|Gómez Roca|P-46}} to honour ''Sobral'''s captain, Goméz Roca, the first commander of an Argentine ship to be killed in action since the [[Cisplatine War|war with Brazil]] in the 19th century.<ref>[http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1838&idSec=7 ''Rememoran el ataque al aviso “Sobral”''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524035415/http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1838&idSec=7 |date=24 May 2010 }} ''La Gaceta Marinera'', 5 May 2010. {{es icon}}</ref> The aviso [[ARA Teniente Olivieri (A-2)|ARA ''Teniente Olivieri'' (A-2)]] is named after the Guardamarina ([[midshipman]]) Olivieri, also killed in the action.<ref>[http://www.ara.mil.ar/pag.asp?idItem=292 A-2 official site] {{es icon}}</ref>
Argentina's final [[Espora class corvette]] was renamed {{ship|ARA|Gómez Roca|P-46}} to honour ''Sobral'''s captain, Sergio Raul Goméz Roca, the first commander of an Argentine ship to be killed in action since the [[Cisplatine War|war with Brazil]] in the 19th century.<ref>[http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1838&idSec=7 ''Rememoran el ataque al aviso “Sobral”''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524035415/http://www.gacetamarinera.com.ar/nota.asp?idNota=1838&idSec=7 |date=24 May 2010 }} ''La Gaceta Marinera'', 5 May 2010. {{in lang|es}}</ref> The aviso [[ARA Teniente Olivieri (A-2)|ARA ''Teniente Olivieri'' (A-2)]] is named after the guardamarina ([[midshipman]]) Claudio Olivieri, also killed in the action and posthumously promoted to lieutenant.<ref>[http://www.ara.mil.ar/pag.asp?idItem=292 A-2 official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110621225334/http://www.ara.mil.ar/pag.asp?idItem=292 |date=21 June 2011 }} {{in lang|es}}</ref>


==Specifications==
==Specifications==
ARA (A-9) ''Alférez Sobral'' Feb 10/72, [[Sotoyomo-class fleet tug|Sotoyomo-class]] ''aviso''<ref name=specs/><ref>The US Sotoyomo-class were fleet tugs; this vessel was classified as an ''aviso'' in Argentine service</ref><br>
ARA (A-9) ''Alférez Sobral'', [[Sotoyomo-class fleet tug|Sotoyomo-class]] ''aviso''<ref name=specs/><ref>The US Sotoyomo-class were fleet tugs; this vessel was classified as an ''aviso'' in Argentine service</ref><br>
Displacement 835 tonnes<br>
Displacement 835 tonnes<br>
Length 43.6 m<br>
Length 43.6 m<br>
Line 118: Line 113:
Maximum speed 13 kn<br>
Maximum speed 13 kn<br>
Range 16,500&nbsp;nm<br>
Range 16,500&nbsp;nm<br>
Armament 1 Bofors 40/60 Mocelo C cannon, 2 20mm Mk 4 Mod 6 machine gun mounts<br>
Armament 1 Bofors 40/60 C cannon, 2 x 20mm Oerlikon cannons<br>
Crew: 46
Crew: 46


Line 124: Line 119:
{{Campaignbox Falklands War}}
{{Campaignbox Falklands War}}
*{{DANFS}}
*{{DANFS}}

=== Notes ===
=== Notes ===
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
=== Bibliography ===
* ''The Fight for the Malvinas'', Martin Middlebrook, {{ISBN|0-14-010767-3}}
* ''The Fight for the Malvinas'', Martin Middlebrook, {{ISBN|0-14-010767-3}}
Line 133: Line 130:
* [http://www.naval-history.net/F36opsweek6.htm naval-history.net: Details of the Falklands War incident]
* [http://www.naval-history.net/F36opsweek6.htm naval-history.net: Details of the Falklands War incident]
* [http://nafts.org/sobral.htm nafts.org: Pictures of the damage done by the Sea Skua missiles]
* [http://nafts.org/sobral.htm nafts.org: Pictures of the damage done by the Sea Skua missiles]
* {{es icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205074547/http://www.ara.mil.ar/pnav_buques.asp#08 ARA official website: Side view (profile) of ARA ''Alférez Sobral'']
* {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205074547/http://www.ara.mil.ar/pnav_buques.asp#08 ARA official website: Side view (profile) of ARA ''Alférez Sobral'']
* {{es icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20081212225324/http://www.ara.mil.ar/poder_naval/buques_superficie/pnav_esp_avisos_sanaviron.htm ARA official website: Technical Specifications of ARA ''Alférez Sobral'']
* {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20081212225324/http://www.ara.mil.ar/poder_naval/buques_superficie/pnav_esp_avisos_sanaviron.htm ARA official website: Technical Specifications of ARA ''Alférez Sobral'']


{{Sotoyomo class tug}}
{{Sotoyomo class tug}}
{{Argentina ship classes}}
{{Argentina ship classes}}
{{1982 shipwrecks}}
{{1982 shipwrecks}}
{{Surviving ocean going ships}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Alferez Sobral (A-9), Ara}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alferez Sobral (A-9), Ara}}

Revision as of 14:18, 18 July 2023

Alférez Sobral in Ushuaia, 2008
History
United States
NamesakeSalish tribe
Laid down29 August 1944
Launched29 September 1944
Commissioned7 December 1944
Decommissioned10 February 1972
Fatetransferred to Argentine Navy, 10 February 1972
Stricken1 February 1975
Argentina
NameAlférez Sobral
NamesakeJosé María Sobral
Acquired10 February 1972
DecommissionedAugust 2018
General characteristics
Displacement835 tons (848 t) (full)
Length143 ft (44 m)
Beam33 ft 10 in (10.31 m)
Draft13 ft 2 in (4.01 m)
Propulsion
  • Diesel-electric engines,
  • 1,500 shp (1,100 kW) single screw
Speed13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph)
Complement45–49
Armament

ARA Alférez Sobral (A-9) is an 800-ton ocean-going tug[1] that was in service with the Argentine Navy from 1972 until 2019, where she was classified as an aviso.[2] She had previously served in the US Navy as the fleet tug USS Salish (ATA-187). In Argentine service an aviso is a small naval vessel used for a number of auxiliary tasks, including tugging, laying buoys, and replenishing other ships, lighthouses and naval bases.[3]

US Navy service

Main article: USS Salish (ATA-187)

Built by Levingston Shipbuilding Co., at Orange, Texas as a Sotoyomo-class rescue tug, she served as USS Salish (ATA-187) from 1944 to 1972.

Argentine Navy service

Alférez Sobral shortly after joining Argentina's Navy

The ship was named after Antarctic explorer Alférez José María Sobral (1880–1961). She was acquired on 10 February 1972 along with her sister-ship ARA Comodoro Somellera from Mayport, Florida on 6 March 1972 and arriving to Puerto Belgrano on 18 April.

Falklands War

In the early hours of 3 May 1982, the vessel was hit by at least two Sea Skua anti-ship missiles fired by British Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.2/3 helicopters.

At the time the ship was approximately 60 nautical miles (110 km; 69 mi)[4][5] north of the Falkland Islands searching for the crew of a Canberra (B-110) bomber that had been shot down two days earlier by an AIM-9 Sidewinder AAM (air-to-air missile) fired from a British BAe Sea Harrier FRS.Mk.1 (XZ451). The Alférez Sobral was initially spotted by a Westland Sea King helicopter. When the helicopter approached to investigate and was engaged by Alférez Sobral's fore Oerlikon cannon, the helicopter retreated and requested an armed response.

In response HMS Coventry and HMS Glasgow launched their Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.2/3 helicopters. Coventry's Lynx (XZ242) attacked first, firing two Sea Skua (air-to-surface) anti-ship missiles. One of the missiles narrowly missed the bridge, the second hit Alférez Sobral's fibreglass motorboat, injuring the crew of a 20 mm cannon and knocking out the radio aerials.

Twenty minutes later Glasgow's Lynx (XZ247) launched two more missiles, at least one of which struck the bridge, causing extensive damage. The attack killed eight of the crew—including the ship's captain, Lieutenant Commander Sergio Gómez Roca—and injured eight. The Alférez Sobral lost all her electrical power, radio, radar and compass; she had no working navigational aids other than a landing compass, unsuitable for sailing.[6]

She was found and helped by a Sikorsky S-61N LV-OCL (a civilian helicopter requisitioned by the Argentine Air Force as part of Escuadron Fenix[7] and piloted by First Lieutenant Lucero) which evacuated the injured. Alférez Sobral was then assisted by the civilian trawler María Alejandra[8] and finally reached Puerto Deseado on 5 May. The attack had occurred at the approximated position 49°50′00″S 58°37′00″W / 49.83333°S 58.61667°W / -49.83333; -58.61667.

Post-war

From 1993 Alférez Sobral was based at Ushuaia; in February 2010 she moved to Mar del Plata switching places with ARA Gurruchaga.[9] In 2001 she assisted the expedition ship Caledonian Star which had been struck by a rogue wave during transit of the Drake Passage.[10] She remained in service until 2018.[11]

Legacy

The ship survived the conflict and remained in naval service until August 2018. There are plans to preserve Alférez Sobral as a museum ship in Santa Fe.[11] In 2022 it was reported that she might be placed on the disposal list.[12] The ship's badly damaged bridge is currently on display at the Naval Museum in Tigre, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

Argentina's final Espora class corvette was renamed ARA Gómez Roca (P-46) to honour Sobral's captain, Sergio Raul Goméz Roca, the first commander of an Argentine ship to be killed in action since the war with Brazil in the 19th century.[13] The aviso ARA Teniente Olivieri (A-2) is named after the guardamarina (midshipman) Claudio Olivieri, also killed in the action and posthumously promoted to lieutenant.[14]

Specifications

ARA (A-9) Alférez Sobral, Sotoyomo-class aviso[2][15]
Displacement 835 tonnes
Length 43.6 m
Beam 10.3 m
Draught 2.2 m
Propulsion 2 GM 12-278 A diesel-electric 2200 HP engines, 2 1500 HP generators, 1 propeller
Cruising speed 8 kn
Maximum speed 13 kn
Range 16,500 nm
Armament 1 Bofors 40/60 C cannon, 2 x 20mm Oerlikon cannons
Crew: 46

References

  • Public Domain This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.

    • Notes

    1. ^ "Directory of the Ocean Tugs of the Argentina Navy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
    2. ^ a b fuerzasnavales.com: Technical Specs and picture of aviso ARA Sobral (in Spanish)
    3. ^ Aviso ARA A"lférez Sobral" en combate, article by her second-in-command in 1982 (in Spanish)
    4. ^ Smith, Gordon (1989). "Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — by Land, Sea and Air, Reading Notes and Abbreviations" (PDF, html). Battles of the Falkland's War. Ian Allan. Archived from the original on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2008.
    5. ^ Smith, Gordon (1989). "Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — by Land, Sea and Air, Preliminary British Operations (Parts 20-30), Part 26. HMS Sheffield Sunk, Week Six, Falkland Area Operations 3rd–9th May 1982" (PDF, html). Battles of the Falkland's War. Ian Allan. Archived from the original on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 9 December 2008.
    6. ^ Cavalieri, Daniel (2005). Deuda de sangre: historia naval y amnesia en la Argentina : 1810-1893 y 1982 (in Spanish). Instituto de Publicaciones Navales. p. 302. ISBN 9508990600.
    7. ^ Escuadrón Fénix Web site: History Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
    8. ^ Muñoz, Jorge (2000) Misión Cumplida. Editorial Epopeya, p. 141 (in Spanish)
    9. ^ Un navío heroico con nuevo puerto en Mar del Plata Archived 17 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
    10. ^ Llegó a Ushuaia el crucero averiado y no podrá zarpar (in Spanish)
    11. ^ a b Andreychuk, Luciano (22 August 2018). "Un buque heroico que participó en Malvinas será donado a la ciudad (A heroic vessel that participated in the Falklands War will be donated to the city)". El Litoral. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
    12. ^ Defensa.com (27 July 2022). "Buques de la Armada Argentina para chatarra - Noticias Defensa defensa.com Argentina". Defensa.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 August 2022.
    13. ^ Rememoran el ataque al aviso “Sobral” Archived 24 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine La Gaceta Marinera, 5 May 2010. (in Spanish)
    14. ^ A-2 official site Archived 21 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)
    15. ^ The US Sotoyomo-class were fleet tugs; this vessel was classified as an aviso in Argentine service

    Bibliography

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