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{{short description|Indian Kshatriya Caste}}
{{short description|Indian Kshatriya Caste}}
{{Other uses|Ror (disambiguation)}}
{{Other uses|Ror (disambiguation)}}
{{pp-sock|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox caste
{{Infobox caste
|caste_name=Ror
|caste_name=Ror
|religions=[[Hinduism]]
|religions=[[File:Om.svg|15px]] '''[[Hinduism]]''' and [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]] [[Sikhism]]<ref name="PoI" />
|languages=[[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]], [[Hindi]]|region=[[Haryana]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Uttarakhand]]}}
|languages=[[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]], [[Hindi]]|region=[[Haryana]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Uttarakhand]]}}


'''Ror''' or '''Rod''' is a [[Hindu]] [[Caste system in India|caste]] found mainly in the [[North India]]n state of [[Haryana]]. It is one of the 36 main [[Jāti]]s in Haryana.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sāṅgavāna |first1=Guṇapālasiṃha |title=Harayāṇavī lokagītoṃ kā sāṃskr̥tika adhyayana |date=1989 |publisher=Hariyāṇā Sāhitya Akādamī |page=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubI3AAAAIAAJ&q=%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F,+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0,+%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0,+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4,+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC,+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3, |access-date=30 December 2019 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.ijmra.us/project%20doc/2017/IJRSS_NOVEMBER2017/IJMRA-12670.pdf|title= Social study the KhapPanchayats of Haryana: A Survey, International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol. 7 Issue 11 |publisher= Open J-Gage as well as in Cabell’s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/All-for-reservation-in-Haryana-/articleshow/11999578.cms |title=All for reservation in Haryana! |date=23 February 2012 |access-date=16 January 2019}}</ref> In the parts of [[Baiswara]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]] that are inhabited by Ror people,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Journal of Intercultural Studies |date=1984 |publisher=Intercultural Research Institute, Kansai University of Foreign Studies |page=109 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=am4SAQAAIAAJ&q=bais|access-date=27 November 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Rors along with similar groups like [[Bhati]]s, [[Chauhan]]s and [[Tomara dynasty|Tanwars]] are associated with [[Delhi]] and its outskirts. The migration history of Rors began and ended in Haryana, a region north of Delhi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shome|first=Ayan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q2qCQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA167&hl=en|title=Dialogue & Daggers: Notion of Authority and Legitimacy in the Early Delhi Sultanate (1192 C.E. – 1316 C.E.)|date=2014-11-01|publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-93-84318-46-8|language=en}}</ref>
'''Ror''' or '''Rod''' is an Indian [[Caste system in India|caste]]. Ror is a [[Kshatriya|Kshatriya community]] from [[India tribal belt|Northwest India]], especially from [[Haryana]] state that counts almost 750,000 in number all over [[India]]<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Pathak AK, Kadian A, Kushniarevich A, Montinaro F, Mondal M, Ongaro L, Singh M, Kumar P, Rai N, Parik J, Metspalu E, Rootsi S, Pagani L, Kivisild T, Metspalu M, Chaubey G, Villems R |journal=The American Journal of Human Genetics |volume=103 |issue=6 |title=The Genetic Ancestry of Modern Indus Valley: Populations from Northwest India: Supplemental Data |url=https://www.cell.com/cms/10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.10.022/attachment/711bfd84-99c1-44e6-8b40-fbde264460f6/mmc1 |via=Cell}}</ref>. It is one of the 36 main [[Jāti]]s in Haryana.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sāṅgavāna |first1=Guṇapālasiṃha |title=Harayāṇavī lokagītoṃ kā sāṃskr̥tika adhyayana |date=1989 |publisher=Hariyāṇā Sāhitya Akādamī |page=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubI3AAAAIAAJ&q=%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F,+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0,+%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0,+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4,+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC,+%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3, |access-date=30 December 2019 |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.ijmra.us/project%20doc/2017/IJRSS_NOVEMBER2017/IJMRA-12670.pdf|title= Social study the KhapPanchayats of Haryana: A Survey |journal=International Journal of Research in Social Sciences |volume=7 |issue=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/All-for-reservation-in-Haryana-/articleshow/11999578.cms |title=All for reservation in Haryana! |date=23 February 2012 |access-date=16 January 2019}}</ref> In the parts of [[Baiswara]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]] that are inhabited by Ror people,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Journal of Intercultural Studies |date=1984 |publisher=Intercultural Research Institute, Kansai University of Foreign Studies |page=109 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=am4SAQAAIAAJ&q=bais|access-date=27 November 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Rors along with similar groups like [[Bhati]]s, [[Chauhan]]s and [[Tomara dynasty|Tomars]] are associated with [[Delhi]] and its outskirts. The migration history of Rors began and ended in Haryana, a region north of Delhi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shome|first=Ayan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6Q2qCQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA167&hl=en|title=Dialogue & Daggers: Notion of Authority and Legitimacy in the Early Delhi Sultanate (1192 C.E. – 1316 C.E.)|date=2014-11-01|publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-93-84318-46-8|language=en}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
According to a 1994 report by the [[Anthropological Survey of India]], the largest concentration of Rors are found in [[Karnal]], [[Kurukshetra]], [[Kaithal]], [[Panipat]], [[Sonipat]], [[Fatehabad, Haryana|Fatehabad]] and [[Jind district]] of [[Haryana]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=K. S. |title=Haryana |date=1994 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India by Manohar Publishers |isbn=978-81-7304-091-7 |page=424 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qUZuAAAAMAAJ&q=ror |access-date=31 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
According to a 1994 report by the [[Anthropological Survey of India]], the largest concentration of Rors are found in [[Karnal]], [[Kurukshetra]], [[Kaithal]], [[Panipat]], [[Sonipat]], [[Fatehabad, Haryana|Fatehabad]] and [[Jind district]] of [[Haryana]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=K. S. |title=Haryana |date=1994 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India by Manohar Publishers |isbn=978-81-7304-091-7 |page=424 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qUZuAAAAMAAJ&q=ror |access-date=31 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
The [[Ror dynasty]] was a power from the [[Indian subcontinent]] that ruled modern-day [[Sindh]] and northwest [[India]] from 450 BC.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kessler|first=P. L.|title=Kingdoms of South Asia - Kingdoms of the Indus / Sindh|url=https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaSindh.htm|access-date=2021-07-19|website=www.historyfiles.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> As capital of the [[Sauvira Kingdom]], Roruka is mentioned as an important trading center in early Buddhist literature.<ref>Derryl N. MacLean (1989), [https://books.google.com/books?id=xxAVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA63 ''Religion and Society in Arab Sind''], BRILL, p.63 {{isbn|9004085513}}</ref> [[Buddhist]] [[Jataka]] stories talk about exchanges of gifts between King Rudrayan of Roruka and King [[Bimbisara]] of [[Magadha]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.borobudur.tv/avadana_07.htm |title=The Story of Rudrayana |access-date=2015-12-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603004232/http://www.borobudur.tv/avadana_07.htm |archive-date=3 June 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> [[Divyavadana]], the Buddhist chronicle has said that Ror historically competed with [[Pataliputra]] in terms of political influence.<ref>"The Divyavadana (Tibetan version) reports: 'The Buddha is in Rajgriha. At this time there were two great cities in [[Jambudvipa]]: [[Pataliputra]] and Roruka. When Roruka rises, Pataliputra declines; when Pataliputra rises, Roruka declines.' Here was Roruka of Sindh competing with the capital of the Magadha empire." Chapter 'Sindhu is divine', The Sindh Story, by K. R. Malkani from Karachi, Publisher: Sindhi Academy (1997), {{ISBN|81-87096-01-2}}</ref> The scholar [[Thomas William Rhys Davids|T.W. Rhys Davids]] has mentioned Roruka as one of the most important cities of India in the 7th century BCE.<ref>Page 317, Lord Mahavira and His Times, by Kailash Chand Jain, Published 1992 by Motilal Banarsidass Publications, {{ISBN|81-208-0805-3}}</ref>

Shortly after the reign of Rudrayan, in the times of his son Shikhandi, Roruka got wiped out in a major sand storm.<ref>Page 174, Alexander's campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan and the siege of the Brahmin town of Harmatelia, Volume 3 of Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta, by Pierre Herman Leonard Eggermont, Peeters Publishers, 1975, {{ISBN|90-6186-037-7|978-90-6186-037-2}}</ref> This event is recorded in both [[Buddhist]] (Bhallatiya Jataka) and [[Jain]]<ref>Story of Udayan and the town of Vitabhaya</ref> annals.


==Occupation and Culture==
==Occupation and Culture==
As of a 1990 report by the Backward Classes Commission, Government of Haryana, they were mostly engaged in farming, with some practicing [[animal husbandry]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aH3aAAAAMAAJ|title=Report of the Backward Classes Commission, 1990, Government of Haryana|publisher=Controller of Printing and Stationery|year=1990|pages=145,146}}</ref><ref name="PoI">{{cite book |title=People of India: A - G. |date=1998 |publisher=Oxford Univ. Press |isbn=978-0-19-563354-2 |page=3054 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jHQMAQAAMAAJ&q=ror+mahasabha |access-date=31 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Some Rors work in organised sectors and also in foreign countries such as Australia, United States, Canada, New Zealand, UK. {{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}
As of a 1990 report by the Backward Classes Commission, Government of Haryana, they were mostly engaged in farming, with some practicing [[animal husbandry]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aH3aAAAAMAAJ|title=Report of the Backward Classes Commission, 1990, Government of Haryana|publisher=Controller of Printing and Stationery|year=1990|pages=145,146}}</ref><ref name="PoI">{{cite book |title=People of India: A - G. |date=1998 |publisher=Oxford Univ. Press |isbn=978-0-19-563354-2 |page=3054 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jHQMAQAAMAAJ&q=ror+mahasabha |access-date=31 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Some Rors work in organised sectors and also in foreign countries such as Australia, United States, Canada, New Zealand, UK. {{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}


Located in Karnal, the ''Ror Mahasabha'' or [[Caste panchayat]] has the role of bringing social reforms to the community. Most follow [[Hinduism]] and are [[Hindus]]. Major festivals celebrated by the Rors are [[Holi]] and [[Diwali]].<ref name="PoI" />
Located in Karnal, the ''Ror Mahasabha'' or [[Caste panchayat]] has the role of bringing social reforms to the community. The majority are Hindu but some follow Sikhism.<ref name="PoI" /> Major festivals celebrated by the Rors are [[Holi]] and [[Diwali]].<ref name="PoI" />


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
⚫
* [[Manoj Kumar (boxer)|Manoj Kumar]], [[Indian people|Indian]] [[Boxer]].<ref name=":0">[https://wap.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/manoj-s-mantra-never-back-down-in-face-of-adversity-118041400145_1.html Manoj's Mantra: Never back down in face of adversity ''The Business Standard'']</ref>
* [[Neeraj Chopra]], Indian javelin thrower <ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/brunch/pm-modi-mark-zuckerberg-all-messaged-me-says-junior-javelin-world-champ-neeraj-chopra/story-5uITOtniwhY3Ng3AMeJRhP.html|title=‘Zuckerberg and Katrina messaged me,’ says junior javelin world champ Neeraj Chopra|date=24 September 2016}}</ref>
* [[Harwinder Kalyan]], BJP MLA from [[Gharaunda]] constituency<ref>[https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/haryana/in-gharaunda-straight-fight-between-bjp-cong-848107 The Tribune]</ref>
* [[Dalel Singh Ror]], Indian volleyball player
⚫
* [[Manoj Kumar (boxer)]]<ref name=":0">[https://wap.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/manoj-s-mantra-never-back-down-in-face-of-adversity-118041400145_1.html Manoj's Mantra: Never back down in face of adversity ''The Business Standard'']</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Ror dynasty]]
⚫
* [[Raja Dhaj]]
* [[Bhainsrorgarh]]
* [[Bhainsrorgarh]]
* [[Aror]]
* [[Aror]]
* [[Rohri]]
* [[Rohri]]
⚫
*[[Raja Dhaj]]
*[[Kagarol|Kagaroll]]
*[[Badli]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 07:35, 19 July 2021

For other uses, see Ror (disambiguation).

Ror
Religions Hinduism and Sikhism[1]
LanguagesHaryanvi, Hindi
RegionHaryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand

Ror or Rod is an Indian caste. Ror is a Kshatriya community from Northwest India, especially from Haryana state that counts almost 750,000 in number all over India[2]. It is one of the 36 main Jātis in Haryana.[3][4][5] In the parts of Baiswara in Uttar Pradesh that are inhabited by Ror people,[6] Rors along with similar groups like Bhatis, Chauhans and Tomars are associated with Delhi and its outskirts. The migration history of Rors began and ended in Haryana, a region north of Delhi.[7]

Demographics

According to a 1994 report by the Anthropological Survey of India, the largest concentration of Rors are found in Karnal, Kurukshetra, Kaithal, Panipat, Sonipat, Fatehabad and Jind district of Haryana.[8]

History

The Ror dynasty was a power from the Indian subcontinent that ruled modern-day Sindh and northwest India from 450 BC.[9] As capital of the Sauvira Kingdom, Roruka is mentioned as an important trading center in early Buddhist literature.[10] Buddhist Jataka stories talk about exchanges of gifts between King Rudrayan of Roruka and King Bimbisara of Magadha.[11] Divyavadana, the Buddhist chronicle has said that Ror historically competed with Pataliputra in terms of political influence.[12] The scholar T.W. Rhys Davids has mentioned Roruka as one of the most important cities of India in the 7th century BCE.[13]

Shortly after the reign of Rudrayan, in the times of his son Shikhandi, Roruka got wiped out in a major sand storm.[14] This event is recorded in both Buddhist (Bhallatiya Jataka) and Jain[15] annals.

Occupation and Culture

As of a 1990 report by the Backward Classes Commission, Government of Haryana, they were mostly engaged in farming, with some practicing animal husbandry.[16][1] Some Rors work in organised sectors and also in foreign countries such as Australia, United States, Canada, New Zealand, UK. [citation needed]

Located in Karnal, the Ror Mahasabha or Caste panchayat has the role of bringing social reforms to the community. The majority are Hindu but some follow Sikhism.[1] Major festivals celebrated by the Rors are Holi and Diwali.[1]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d People of India: A - G. Oxford Univ. Press. 1998. p. 3054. ISBN 978-0-19-563354-2. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  2. ^ Pathak AK, Kadian A, Kushniarevich A, Montinaro F, Mondal M, Ongaro L, Singh M, Kumar P, Rai N, Parik J, Metspalu E, Rootsi S, Pagani L, Kivisild T, Metspalu M, Chaubey G, Villems R. "The Genetic Ancestry of Modern Indus Valley: Populations from Northwest India: Supplemental Data". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 103 (6) – via Cell.
  3. ^ Sāṅgavāna, Guṇapālasiṃha (1989). Harayāṇavī lokagītoṃ kā sāṃskr̥tika adhyayana (in Hindi). Hariyāṇā Sāhitya Akādamī. p. 17. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
  4. ^ "Social study the KhapPanchayats of Haryana: A Survey" (PDF). International Journal of Research in Social Sciences. 7 (11).
  5. ^ "All for reservation in Haryana!". The Times of India. 23 February 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  6. ^ The Journal of Intercultural Studies. Intercultural Research Institute, Kansai University of Foreign Studies. 1984. p. 109. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  7. ^ Shome, Ayan (1 November 2014). Dialogue & Daggers: Notion of Authority and Legitimacy in the Early Delhi Sultanate (1192 C.E. – 1316 C.E.). Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-93-84318-46-8.
  8. ^ Singh, K. S. (1994). Haryana. Anthropological Survey of India by Manohar Publishers. p. 424. ISBN 978-81-7304-091-7. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  9. ^ Kessler, P. L. "Kingdoms of South Asia - Kingdoms of the Indus / Sindh". www.historyfiles.co.uk. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  10. ^ Derryl N. MacLean (1989), Religion and Society in Arab Sind, BRILL, p.63 ISBN 9004085513
  11. ^ "The Story of Rudrayana". Archived from the original on 3 June 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
  12. ^ "The Divyavadana (Tibetan version) reports: 'The Buddha is in Rajgriha. At this time there were two great cities in Jambudvipa: Pataliputra and Roruka. When Roruka rises, Pataliputra declines; when Pataliputra rises, Roruka declines.' Here was Roruka of Sindh competing with the capital of the Magadha empire." Chapter 'Sindhu is divine', The Sindh Story, by K. R. Malkani from Karachi, Publisher: Sindhi Academy (1997), ISBN 81-87096-01-2
  13. ^ Page 317, Lord Mahavira and His Times, by Kailash Chand Jain, Published 1992 by Motilal Banarsidass Publications, ISBN 81-208-0805-3
  14. ^ Page 174, Alexander's campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan and the siege of the Brahmin town of Harmatelia, Volume 3 of Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta, by Pierre Herman Leonard Eggermont, Peeters Publishers, 1975, ISBN 90-6186-037-7, 978-90-6186-037-2
  15. ^ Story of Udayan and the town of Vitabhaya
  16. ^ Report of the Backward Classes Commission, 1990, Government of Haryana. Controller of Printing and Stationery. 1990. pp. 145, 146.
  17. ^ Manoj's Mantra: Never back down in face of adversity The Business Standard
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