14th G7 summit: Difference between revisions
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*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]''' - [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] |
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]''' - [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Margaret Thatcher]] |
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*{{flagicon|USA}} '''[[United States]]''' - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Ronald Reagan]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
*{{flagicon|USA}} '''[[United States]]''' - [[President of the United States|President]] [[Ronald Reagan]].<ref name="j-mofa1"/> |
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*{{flagicon|EU}} '''[[European Commission]]''' - [[President of the European Commission|President]] [[Jacques Delors]]<ref name="ec1">{{cite web| url = http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php| title = EU and the G8| accessdate = 2007-09-25| publisher = European Commission}}</ref> |
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This was be the last G7 summit in which President Reagan participated.<ref>Kurtaman, Joel. [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE0DD1631F93AA25755C0A96E948260&sec=&spon=&&scp=1&sq=1982%20summit%20%20conference%20G7&st=cse "Business Forum: Reagan's Final Summit Conference; The Forecast Is for All Talk, No Action,"] ''New York Times.'' June 19, 1988.</ref> |
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==Issues== |
==Issues== |
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Revision as of 21:35, 10 April 2009
| 14th G7 summit | |
|---|---|
 Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Front Steet entrance | |
| Host country | Canada |
| Dates | June 19-20 |
The 14th G7 Summit was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between June 19 and 21, 1988. The venue for the summit meetings was the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in central Toronto.[1]
The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976)[2] and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).[3] The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's President Giscard d'Estaing and Germany's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.[4]
Unlike the relatively low key summit at Château Montebello in 1981, the Toronto summit was held under tight security with involvement of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) and Metro Toronto Police.
Canada was the first member of the G7/G8 to host both this kind of Summit and an Olympic Games in the same calendar year. In February, Calgary, Alberta, hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics.
Leaders at the summit
The composition of the G7 summit is a perennial topic. The G7 summits after 1981 considered the President of the European Commission as a permanently welcome participant in all meetings and decision-making, which means that this G7 summit has eight essential participants.[3]
Canada - Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.[1]
France - President François Mitterrand.[1]
West Germany - Chancellor Helmut Kohl.[1]
Italy - Prime Minister Ciriaco de Mita.[1]
Japan - Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita.[1]
United Kingdom - Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
United States - President Ronald Reagan.[1]
This was be the last G7 summit in which President Reagan participated.[5]
Issues
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions.[4] Issues which were discussed at this summit included:
- International Economic Policy Cooperation
- Multilateral Trading System / Uruguay Round
- Newly Industrialized Economies
- Developing Countries and Debt
- Environment
- Future Summits
- Other Issues
- Annex on Structural Reform
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): Summit Meetings in the Past.
- ^ Saunders, Doug. "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders," Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the Group of Eight (G7) with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997.
- ^ a b Reuters: "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?", July 3, 2008.
- ^ a b Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.
- ^ Kurtaman, Joel. "Business Forum: Reagan's Final Summit Conference; The Forecast Is for All Talk, No Action," New York Times. June 19, 1988.
References
- Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. 10-ISBN 0-754-61185-X; 13-ISBN 978-0-754-61185-1; OCLC 43186692
- Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations. London: Routledge. 10-ISBN 0-415-16486-9; 13-ISBN 978-0-415-16486-3
External links
- No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 -- see the 21st G7 summit.
- University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, G8 Information Centre
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