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{{multiple issues | original research = September 2010 | cleanup = September 2010 | refimprove = September 2010 | weasel = September 2010}}
The '''Mukkulathor''' community ("people of the three clans"<ref name="Velayutham2008">{{cite book|author=Selvaraj Velayutham|title=Tamil cinema: the cultural politics of India's other film industry|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=65Aqrna4o5oC&pg=PA141|accessdate=9 June 2011|year=2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-39680-6|pages=141–}}</ref>) is native to the central and southern districts of [[Tamil Nadu]], India.<ref name="books.google.com">{{Cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=N1Q_TdiGzVIC&pg=PA11|title=Female Infanticide, Its Causes and Solutions|isbn=9788171413836 |last=Muthulakshmi|first=R. |year=1997}}</ref> Their name references three communities, being the [[Kallar (caste)|Kallar]], [[Maravar]], [[Agamudayar]]<ref name="Annamalai">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=jimnj2GjmhcC|title=Formation and Transformation of Power in Rural India|isbn=9788171413232|last=Annamalai|first=V.|year=19961 |page=38}}</ref> which make up this large endogamous social group. This united social [[jāti]] is formed on the basis of parallel occupations, though their locations and heritages are wholly separate from one another.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=Be3PCvzf-BYC&pg=PA287|title=A Social History of India|isbn=9788176481700 |page=287 |last=Sadasivan|first1=S. N|year=2000}}</ref>
{{Infobox Ethnic group
|group = Thevar/Mukkulathor
[[U. Muthuramalingam Thevar]]{{·}}[[Janaki Thevar]]{{·}}[[Ramachandra Tondaiman]]
|population = 2 Crores
|popplace = [[Madurai]], [[Theni]], [[Ramanathapuram]], [[Virudhunagar]], [[Thirunelveli]], [[Sivagangai]], [[Pudukottai]], [[Thanjavur]], [[Trichy]], [[Thoothukudi]], [[Dindigul]], [[Thiruvarur]], [[Nagapattinam]], [[Singapore]], [[Canada]], [[Central Province, Sri Lanka|Cen. Province]], [[Chattisgarh]]
|languages = [[Tamil Language|Tamil]], [[English language|English]], [[Indian Languages]]
|Total Population = [[2 crores]]
|religions = [[Saiva Siddhanta]]m
|related = [[Tamil people]]
}}


The '''Thevar''' people ('''Thevar''' literally meaning "Aristocrats" in Sanskrit)<ref name="books.google.com">http://books.google.com/books?id=N1Q_TdiGzVIC&pg=PA11&dq=thevar+descended&cd=6#v=onepage&q=thevar%20descended&f=false</ref> collectively forms the '''Mukkulathor''' (meaning: people of the three clans).<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=65Aqrna4o5oC&pg=PA141&dq=Tamil%2Baristocratic%2Bthevar&cd=1#v=onepage&q=Tamil%2Baristocratic%2Bthevar&f=false</ref> native to the Southern districts of [[Tamil Nadu]]<ref name="books.google.com"/><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=YUXjA3RayhoC&pg=PA141&dq=thevar%2Bpandya&lr=&cd=23#v=onepage&q=&f=false</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=w6zkx_Ck3FwC&pg=PA63&dq=thevar%2Bpandya&cd=8#v=onepage&q=&f=false</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=CGdDAAAAYAAJ&q=thevar%2Bpandya&dq=thevar%2Bpandya&lr=&cd=21</ref> The name "Mukkulathor" alludes to the three roughly designated groups [[Agamudayar]], [[Maravar]], [[Kallar]] and which make up this large endogamous social group. Kings are addressed as Thevars during the Chola and Pandyian dynasty some constitute as vikings and warriors of Tamilakkam. Kallars and Maravars were inhabitants of the Palai region during the Sangam period. The literature during the Sangam period divided the regions based on climate and topography. Palai was mainly a desert-like region with little to no rain.
==References==

Nowadays, '''Mukkulathors''' are the '''most populated caste''' in '''tamil nadu majority'''. Mukkulathors are found majority of all over the southern and central districts of Tamil Nadu. There is also a small community in [[Chattisgarh]] where they migrated to during British rule. The Royal houses of [[Sivaganga]]i, [[Ramnad estate|Ramnad]] and [[Pudukkottai state|Pudukkottai]] all belong to the '''Mukkulathor''' community.

==Agamudayar==
Agamudaiyars (Tamil: அகமுடையார்),one of the clans in Mukkulathor . The word Agamudaiyar is from the root word 'Agam' which means bravery

they are known by their famous quotation "payavum theriyum padhungavum theriyum aana payapada theriyathu".

Agamudaiyars were expert in making better warriors and form the greatest part in most of the chera,chola,pandiya wars.

The Marudhu Pandiyar brothers (Periya Marudhu and Chinna Marudhu) ruled Sivagangai, Tamil Nadu towards the end of the 18th century. The Marudhu brothers were the first to issue a proclamation of independence from the colonial British rule from Trichy Thiruvarangam Temple, Tamil Nadu on 10 June 1801, more than 56 years before what is generally said to be the First War of Indian Independence which broke out mainly in Northern India in the year 1857.

Azhagumuthu servai,the braver major of the Maruthu Pandiyars had important contributions in wars with the British. Agamudayars were expert in handling the weapon "Boomerang" which was known in tamil as "Valari sticks". The British troops were scattered by maruthu's army when they tried to capture "Kalaiyar kovil" built by Maruthu Pandiyars.

Agamudaiyars are largely found in the Southern Tamilnadu , [[Madurai]], [[Theni]], [[Virudhunagar]] , [[Thirunelveli]], [[Dindigul]], [[Sivagangai]],[[Ramanathapuram]], [[Pudukkottai]],[[Thanjore]],[[Thiruvarur]], [[Nagapattinam]] and districts of Tamil Nadu

Sub-sections
*Rajakulam
*Kottai patru
*Irumbuthalai
*Ivali Naadu
*Naattu Mangalam
*Rajapoja
*Rajavasal
*Kalian
*Sani
*pillai
*Malai Naadu

== Kallar ==
{{Main|Kallar (caste)|l1=Kallar}}

'''Kallar''' (Tamil: '''கள்ளர்''') Kallars are one of the three related castes which constitute the Mukkulathor confederacy. They are described as "A fearless community shows many signs of independence and non-submission to any form of subjugation".

Kallars are largely found in the Southern districts of [[Tiruchy]], [[Madurai]], [[Thanjavur]], [[Pudukkottai]], [[Theni]], [[Dindigul]], [[Sivaganga]]i, [[Thiruvarur]], [[Nagapattinam]], [[Thirunelveli]], [[Virudhunagar]] and [[Ramanathapuram]] districts of [[Tamil Nadu]] and Northern Srilanka.

In [[Tamilnadu]] Kallars are called by various Surnames, these names comes to them during various times by the place they have ruled, the place of the battlefield and to state their strong valour and bravery in the battle with the foreign forces.

There are some 300 surnames in use among the community.<ref>கள்ளர் பட்டப்பெயர்கள் - Pulamai Venkathachala Vanniyar</ref> There is no other caste in the whole of [[South India]] which has this many surnames.

Another important Kallar subcaste is the '''Piramalai Kallar'''. They are a highly traditional people and have preserved their ancient customs to the present day.<ref>http://www.onthewing.org/user/Sci_Journey%20of%20Man.pdf</ref> They are also believed to be the oldest inhabitants of the Tamil country with reports of their presence going back to Tamil literary works of the 4th century BC. Recent study by BBC confirmed that they migrated to India from Africa around 70,000 BC and share the same M130 genepool as the aboriginals of Australia.They are found mainly in the districts of Madurai(Usilampatti), Dindigul and Theni. Their popular deity is Amman, the Mother Goddess. They have contributed enormously in the freedom struggle for [[India]]. Perungaamanallur people near Usilampatti, fought against the British and many have died and they have a Thiyagigal Thoon . Piramalai Kallars have also made big contribution in Nethaji's INA force when Subash chandra bose made a call for the INA force from the submarine radio lots of people from the community went and joint to fight against the British for India. They are kept alive of our ancient culture. Currently they constitute 10% of the whole population in Tamil Nadu.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}

Some of the other feudal classes include Ambunattu Kallar, Vazhanattu Kallar (Royal community,rulers of the pudukkotai presidency), Koothappar Kallars, Periyasuriyur Kallars, Gandarvakoatai Kallars and Esanattu Kallars found largely dominated in the Thanjavur, Pudukkottai, Sivagangai & Trichy Districts.

''Also see'' [[Kalabhras]]

== Maravar ==
See also main article [[Maravar (caste)|Maravar]]

'''Maravar''' ({{lang-ta|மறவர்}}) also "Maravan" (meaning "Grateful Warrior", "Punisher") are one of the oldest social groups in India. The writers of the Sangam Age place them in rural settlements withdrawn from cities. Maravars are the courageous breed and were involved in all the major wars that Tamilnadu witnessed. Kottravai(Durga), the goddess of Maravars worshipped in Palai region prescribed in Silapathikaram. The Kingdom of Ramnad was a Maravar kingdom and was ruled by the Setupati Kings.<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=vWLRxJEU49EC&pg=PA714&dq=pandyas+maravar+tribe&lr=&cd=1#v=onepage&q=pandyas%20maravar%20tribe&f=false</ref> Ramanathapuram and Sivagangai districts are Maravar homeland from ancient times and the entire Southern districts of Tamilnadu is Maravar stronghold.

Maravars are very brave, warlike, fierce martial group and were involved in almost all the major battles and wars that ancient [[Tamilakkam]] witnessed. Maravars are found predominantly in the Southern districts of Tamilnadu viz., [[Tirunelveli]], [[Madurai]], [[Theni]], [[Dindigul]], [[Sivaganga]]i, [[Ramanathapuram]], [[Thanjavur]], [[Thiruvarur]], [[Pudukottai]], [[Virudhunagar]], [[Thoothukudi]] and [[Kanyakumari]] districts of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The Southern martial arts of Kalarippayattu, Silambam, Varma Kalai have been practiced primarily by [[Maravars]], [[Kallars]], [[Nadars]], [[Gounder]]s and [[Nairs]] of South India. But during the 18th and 19th centuries, most of the Maravars were assimilated in to the [[Tamil Padam Nair]] subcaste of the [[Nair]] community. The Maravar regiment of the [[Travancore]] army was known as "Maravar Padai", which supplemented [[Nair Brigade|Nair Pattalam]], the larger indigenous military unit.<ref>http://www.completemartialarts.com/information/styles/indian/silambam.htm</ref> [[Tamil Padam Nair]] is recognized as a part of the [[Malayala Kshatriya]] social grouping.

There are 7 major subdivisions among the Maravar community. There are Appa Nattu Kondyankottai,Chembiya Nattu Maravar,Agathu Maravar,Uppu katti Maravar,Kurinchi katti Maravar,Vanikutti Maravar,Oru nattu Maravar. The Kondyan Kottai Maravars are still maintaining "Killai"(branches) as their sub sects. According to the list given by Fawcett(1903) (belongs to British East India Company), there are seven different ''Killai'' (sub castes of Maravars). They are Maurvidu, Viramuditanki, Setar, Akatiyar, Seyankondar, Nattumannar, and Alakar Pandiayan. Also, Its found that "Kotthu" (main branch of tree) being higher order unit of ''Killai''. There were four kothu as follows, 'Milagu' (Pepper), 'Vetrilai' (Betel Leaf), 'Mundiri' (Cashew Nut), and 'Sirakka' (Cumin/Fennel). The ''Killai'' is inherited from mother. So a boy or girl will not marry in their same ''Killai.'' It is assumed that they are brother & sister. Such a practice is no longer prevailing amongst other maravars. The married women of kondyankottai maravers wear "Thali" (Thirumangalyam) in the shape of Shiva lingam. So it is called "Linga Thali". Most of the Tamil castes wear the same type of "Linga Thali".

The Chembiya Nattu Maravars are Surya vamsam. They are historically from Thanjavur. Kondayan kottai maravars women were having habits of maruthalli. But Chembiya Nattu Maravars women were having habit of Udankattai yeruthal.
And 6 martial suicides are Practising by Maravar community and its called avipillai. The Fame of maravars are written in Nattrinai,kurunthogai,Agananooru,Puranaanooru,Kalithogai and many pathu pattu collection. Among maravars Chembiya marvar belong to chola dynasty,Tamil padam marvar belong to chera later become thiruvithangur.

The sure name of Maravars are

All the maravar has a common tittle called Thevar.
*Maravan
*Valangai maran
*Vilangu Thevan
*Vetchi
*Karanthai
*Thevan
*Puli maran
*Gora maran
*Madurai Thevan
*Thumbai
*Komban
*Vallai Thevan
*Neela maran
*Pattamkatti
*Thalumban
*Purayar
*Kottravaien Sayon
*Alakiya Pandiyan
*Maran
*Veyyon
*Ninkondan

== Freedom Fighters ==

British colonisation of India was strongly kumaresan kumaresan ramanathapuram

resisted in the South especially in Mukkulathor country.

[[Puli Thevar]] from the eighteenth century(1715–1768) is remembered as the first Indian king to have fought and defeated the British in India. His exploits have since become legendary.

Resistance to British rule was also offered by '''Padal Vellaiya Tevan''' who fought the British along with [[Kattabomman]]. His son '''Desakaval Senbaga Tevan''' is also remembered for his exploits.

== Religion ==

Thevars are traditionally [[Hindu]]s of [[Saiva Siddhanta]] maargam.

== Inscriptions ==
An inscription, from [[1655]], records an accord between the Sathanathar, a Chetti merchant community, and the [[Nattar]] to contribute fifty Kalanju of [[gold]] to the Elunattu Mutt at [[Chidambaram]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/06/28/stories/2004062803670600.htm | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | title=Inscriptions copied from Ambukkovil temple | date=28 June 2004}}</ref>

=== Current Status ===
Although a great many of the members are still agriculturalists, many have also progressed up the social ladder as doctors, engineers, entrepreneurs, politicians and civil servants. This community people are spread allover in the media world like cinema, television etc. They are well placed in politics as well.

== See also ==
* [[List of Thevars]]
* [[Warriors]]
* [[Thondaiman]]
* [[Kshatriya]]s
* [[Martial Race]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* <cite id = "Castes and Tribes of Southern India">{{cite book | title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India Volume I - A and B| last=Thurston| first=Edgar| authorlink= Edgar Thurston|coauthors=K. Rangachari| year=1909| publisher=Government Press| location=Madras}}</cite>
*[http://www.tamilnation.org/forum/sivaram/920715lg.htm On Tamil Militarism- The suppression of Tamil military castes]
*[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=515297 Genetic structure of four socio-culturally diversified caste populations of southwest India]

== External links ==
* http://www.thevarthalam.com
* http://www.thevarthalam.blogspot.com
* http://www.thevaronline.com
* http://www.devaronline.com
* http://www.thevar-mukkulathor.blogspot.com
* http://www.thevarvamsam.com
* http://www.thevar.in
* http://www.thevar.info
* http://www.kallarsangam.com
* http://thevarcommunitymumbai.com
* http://www.vallambar.org
* http://www.devarmatrimony.com
* http://www.thevarsmatrimonial.com
* http://kallar.weebly.com
* http://www.agamudayar.com
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2011}}


[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2011}}
[[Category:Indian castes]]


[[mr:तेवर (जाती/चादी)]]
[[Category:Mukkulathor| ]]
[[ta:தேவர் (சாதி)]]

Revision as of 07:01, 30 May 2014

Thevar/Mukkulathor U. Muthuramalingam Thevar · Janaki Thevar · Ramachandra Tondaiman
Total population
2 Crores
Regions with significant populations
Madurai, Theni, Ramanathapuram, Virudhunagar, Thirunelveli, Sivagangai, Pudukottai, Thanjavur, Trichy, Thoothukudi, Dindigul, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Singapore, Canada, Cen. Province, Chattisgarh
Languages
Tamil, English, Indian Languages
Religion
Saiva Siddhantam
Related ethnic groups
Tamil people

The Thevar people (Thevar literally meaning "Aristocrats" in Sanskrit)[1] collectively forms the Mukkulathor (meaning: people of the three clans).[2] native to the Southern districts of Tamil Nadu[1][3][4][5] The name "Mukkulathor" alludes to the three roughly designated groups Agamudayar, Maravar, Kallar and which make up this large endogamous social group. Kings are addressed as Thevars during the Chola and Pandyian dynasty some constitute as vikings and warriors of Tamilakkam. Kallars and Maravars were inhabitants of the Palai region during the Sangam period. The literature during the Sangam period divided the regions based on climate and topography. Palai was mainly a desert-like region with little to no rain.

Nowadays, Mukkulathors are the most populated caste in tamil nadu majority. Mukkulathors are found majority of all over the southern and central districts of Tamil Nadu. There is also a small community in Chattisgarh where they migrated to during British rule. The Royal houses of Sivagangai, Ramnad and Pudukkottai all belong to the Mukkulathor community.

Agamudayar

             Agamudaiyars (Tamil: அகமுடையார்),one of the clans in Mukkulathor . The word Agamudaiyar is from the root word 'Agam' which means bravery

they are known by their famous quotation "payavum theriyum padhungavum theriyum aana payapada theriyathu". 

Agamudaiyars were expert in making better warriors and form the greatest part in most of the chera,chola,pandiya wars.

The Marudhu Pandiyar brothers (Periya Marudhu and Chinna Marudhu) ruled Sivagangai, Tamil Nadu towards the end of the 18th century. The Marudhu brothers were the first to issue a proclamation of independence from the colonial British rule from Trichy Thiruvarangam Temple, Tamil Nadu on 10 June 1801, more than 56 years before what is generally said to be the First War of Indian Independence which broke out mainly in Northern India in the year 1857.

Azhagumuthu servai,the braver major of the Maruthu Pandiyars had important contributions in wars with the British. Agamudayars were expert in handling the weapon "Boomerang" which was known in tamil as "Valari sticks". The British troops were scattered by maruthu's army when they tried to capture "Kalaiyar kovil" built by Maruthu Pandiyars.

Agamudaiyars are largely found in the Southern Tamilnadu , Madurai, Theni, Virudhunagar , Thirunelveli, Dindigul, Sivagangai,Ramanathapuram, Pudukkottai,Thanjore,Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam and districts of Tamil Nadu 

Sub-sections
   *Rajakulam
   *Kottai patru
   *Irumbuthalai
   *Ivali Naadu
   *Naattu Mangalam
   *Rajapoja
   *Rajavasal
   *Kalian
   *Sani
   *pillai
   *Malai Naadu

Kallar

Main article: Kallar

Kallar (Tamil: கள்ளர்) Kallars are one of the three related castes which constitute the Mukkulathor confederacy. They are described as "A fearless community shows many signs of independence and non-submission to any form of subjugation".

Kallars are largely found in the Southern districts of Tiruchy, Madurai, Thanjavur, Pudukkottai, Theni, Dindigul, Sivagangai, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Thirunelveli, Virudhunagar and Ramanathapuram districts of Tamil Nadu and Northern Srilanka.

In Tamilnadu Kallars are called by various Surnames, these names comes to them during various times by the place they have ruled, the place of the battlefield and to state their strong valour and bravery in the battle with the foreign forces.

There are some 300 surnames in use among the community.[6] There is no other caste in the whole of South India which has this many surnames.

Another important Kallar subcaste is the Piramalai Kallar. They are a highly traditional people and have preserved their ancient customs to the present day.[7] They are also believed to be the oldest inhabitants of the Tamil country with reports of their presence going back to Tamil literary works of the 4th century BC. Recent study by BBC confirmed that they migrated to India from Africa around 70,000 BC and share the same M130 genepool as the aboriginals of Australia.They are found mainly in the districts of Madurai(Usilampatti), Dindigul and Theni. Their popular deity is Amman, the Mother Goddess. They have contributed enormously in the freedom struggle for India. Perungaamanallur people near Usilampatti, fought against the British and many have died and they have a Thiyagigal Thoon . Piramalai Kallars have also made big contribution in Nethaji's INA force when Subash chandra bose made a call for the INA force from the submarine radio lots of people from the community went and joint to fight against the British for India. They are kept alive of our ancient culture. Currently they constitute 10% of the whole population in Tamil Nadu.[citation needed]

Some of the other feudal classes include Ambunattu Kallar, Vazhanattu Kallar (Royal community,rulers of the pudukkotai presidency), Koothappar Kallars, Periyasuriyur Kallars, Gandarvakoatai Kallars and Esanattu Kallars found largely dominated in the Thanjavur, Pudukkottai, Sivagangai & Trichy Districts.

Also see Kalabhras

Maravar

See also main article Maravar

Maravar (Tamil: மறவர்) also "Maravan" (meaning "Grateful Warrior", "Punisher") are one of the oldest social groups in India. The writers of the Sangam Age place them in rural settlements withdrawn from cities. Maravars are the courageous breed and were involved in all the major wars that Tamilnadu witnessed. Kottravai(Durga), the goddess of Maravars worshipped in Palai region prescribed in Silapathikaram. The Kingdom of Ramnad was a Maravar kingdom and was ruled by the Setupati Kings.[8] Ramanathapuram and Sivagangai districts are Maravar homeland from ancient times and the entire Southern districts of Tamilnadu is Maravar stronghold.

Maravars are very brave, warlike, fierce martial group and were involved in almost all the major battles and wars that ancient Tamilakkam witnessed. Maravars are found predominantly in the Southern districts of Tamilnadu viz., Tirunelveli, Madurai, Theni, Dindigul, Sivagangai, Ramanathapuram, Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Pudukottai, Virudhunagar, Thoothukudi and Kanyakumari districts of Tamil Nadu. The Southern martial arts of Kalarippayattu, Silambam, Varma Kalai have been practiced primarily by Maravars, Kallars, Nadars, Gounders and Nairs of South India. But during the 18th and 19th centuries, most of the Maravars were assimilated in to the Tamil Padam Nair subcaste of the Nair community. The Maravar regiment of the Travancore army was known as "Maravar Padai", which supplemented Nair Pattalam, the larger indigenous military unit.[9] Tamil Padam Nair is recognized as a part of the Malayala Kshatriya social grouping.

There are 7 major subdivisions among the Maravar community. There are Appa Nattu Kondyankottai,Chembiya Nattu Maravar,Agathu Maravar,Uppu katti Maravar,Kurinchi katti Maravar,Vanikutti Maravar,Oru nattu Maravar. The Kondyan Kottai Maravars are still maintaining "Killai"(branches) as their sub sects. According to the list given by Fawcett(1903) (belongs to British East India Company), there are seven different Killai (sub castes of Maravars). They are Maurvidu, Viramuditanki, Setar, Akatiyar, Seyankondar, Nattumannar, and Alakar Pandiayan. Also, Its found that "Kotthu" (main branch of tree) being higher order unit of Killai. There were four kothu as follows, 'Milagu' (Pepper), 'Vetrilai' (Betel Leaf), 'Mundiri' (Cashew Nut), and 'Sirakka' (Cumin/Fennel). The Killai is inherited from mother. So a boy or girl will not marry in their same Killai. It is assumed that they are brother & sister. Such a practice is no longer prevailing amongst other maravars. The married women of kondyankottai maravers wear "Thali" (Thirumangalyam) in the shape of Shiva lingam. So it is called "Linga Thali". Most of the Tamil castes wear the same type of "Linga Thali".

The Chembiya Nattu Maravars are Surya vamsam. They are historically from Thanjavur. Kondayan kottai maravars women were having habits of maruthalli. But Chembiya Nattu Maravars women were having habit of Udankattai yeruthal. And 6 martial suicides are Practising by Maravar community and its called avipillai. The Fame of maravars are written in Nattrinai,kurunthogai,Agananooru,Puranaanooru,Kalithogai and many pathu pattu collection. Among maravars Chembiya marvar belong to chola dynasty,Tamil padam marvar belong to chera later become thiruvithangur.

The sure name of Maravars are

All the maravar has a common tittle called Thevar.

  • Maravan
  • Valangai maran
  • Vilangu Thevan
  • Vetchi
  • Karanthai
  • Thevan
  • Puli maran
  • Gora maran
  • Madurai Thevan
  • Thumbai
  • Komban
  • Vallai Thevan
  • Neela maran
  • Pattamkatti
  • Thalumban
  • Purayar
  • Kottravaien Sayon
  • Alakiya Pandiyan
  • Maran
  • Veyyon
  • Ninkondan

Freedom Fighters

British colonisation of India was strongly kumaresan kumaresan ramanathapuram

resisted in the South especially in Mukkulathor country.

Puli Thevar from the eighteenth century(1715–1768) is remembered as the first Indian king to have fought and defeated the British in India. His exploits have since become legendary.

Resistance to British rule was also offered by Padal Vellaiya Tevan who fought the British along with Kattabomman. His son Desakaval Senbaga Tevan is also remembered for his exploits.

Religion

Thevars are traditionally Hindus of Saiva Siddhanta maargam.

Inscriptions

An inscription, from 1655, records an accord between the Sathanathar, a Chetti merchant community, and the Nattar to contribute fifty Kalanju of gold to the Elunattu Mutt at Chidambaram.[10]

Current Status

Although a great many of the members are still agriculturalists, many have also progressed up the social ladder as doctors, engineers, entrepreneurs, politicians and civil servants. This community people are spread allover in the media world like cinema, television etc. They are well placed in politics as well.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b http://books.google.com/books?id=N1Q_TdiGzVIC&pg=PA11&dq=thevar+descended&cd=6#v=onepage&q=thevar%20descended&f=false
  2. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=65Aqrna4o5oC&pg=PA141&dq=Tamil%2Baristocratic%2Bthevar&cd=1#v=onepage&q=Tamil%2Baristocratic%2Bthevar&f=false
  3. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=YUXjA3RayhoC&pg=PA141&dq=thevar%2Bpandya&lr=&cd=23#v=onepage&q=&f=false
  4. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=w6zkx_Ck3FwC&pg=PA63&dq=thevar%2Bpandya&cd=8#v=onepage&q=&f=false
  5. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=CGdDAAAAYAAJ&q=thevar%2Bpandya&dq=thevar%2Bpandya&lr=&cd=21
  6. ^ கள்ளர் பட்டப்பெயர்கள் - Pulamai Venkathachala Vanniyar
  7. ^ http://www.onthewing.org/user/Sci_Journey%20of%20Man.pdf
  8. ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=vWLRxJEU49EC&pg=PA714&dq=pandyas+maravar+tribe&lr=&cd=1#v=onepage&q=pandyas%20maravar%20tribe&f=false
  9. ^ http://www.completemartialarts.com/information/styles/indian/silambam.htm
  10. ^ "Inscriptions copied from Ambukkovil temple". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 28 June 2004.

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