Jammu and Kashmir: Difference between revisions
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'''Jammu and Kashmir'''is a [[union territory]] of India, constituting the southern portion of the larger [[Kashmir]] region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, and between India and China since 1962. |
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|day = 12 |
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|year = 2019 |
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|time = 15:27 |
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|timestamp = 20191112152711 |
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#REDIRECT [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)]] |
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== Etymology == |
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Jammu and Kashmir is named after the two regions it encompasses {{ndash}} the [[Jammu region]] and the [[Kashmir Valley]]. |
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== History == |
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{{For|the 1954–2019 history|Jammu and Kashmir (state)#History}} |
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{{For|the pre-1954 history|Kashmir#History}} |
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The state of [[Jammu and Kashmir]] was accorded special status by [[Article 370 of the Constitution of India]]. In contrast to other [[states of India]], Jammu and Kashmir had its own [[Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir|constitution]], [[Flag of Jammu and Kashmir|flag]] and administrative autonomy.<ref>{{citation |author=K. Venkataramanan |title=How the status of Jammu and Kashmir is being changed |newspaper=The Hindu |date=5 August 2019 |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/explained-how-the-status-of-jammu-and-kashmir-is-being-changed/article28822866.ece?homepage=true}}</ref> Indian citizens from other states were not allowed to purchase land or property in Jammu and Kashmir.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/article-370-and-35a-revoked-how-it-would-change-the-face-of-kashmir/articleshow/70531959.cms|title=Article 370 and 35(A) revoked: How it would change the face of Kashmir|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=5 August 2019}}</ref> |
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Jammu and Kashmir had three distinct areas: Hindu-majority [[Jammu region]], Muslim-majority [[Kashmir Valley]] and Buddhist-dominated [[Ladakh]].<ref name=BBC6Aug>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-49234708 Article 370: What happened with Kashmir and why it matters]. BBC (2019-08-06). Retrieved 2019-08-07.</ref> Unrest and violence persisted in the Kashmiri Valley and, following a disputed state election in 1987, an [[insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir|insurgency persisted]] in protest over autonomy and rights.<ref name="BBC6Aug" /><ref>{{cite web|last1=Jeelani|first1=Mushtaq A.|title=Kashmir: A History Littered With Rigged Elections|url=http://www.mediamonitors.net/jeelani4.html|website=Media Monitors Network|accessdate=24 February 2017|date=25 June 2001|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051443/http://www.mediamonitors.net/jeelani4.html|archivedate=4 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |
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The [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) came to power in the [[2014 Indian general election]] and five years later included in their [[2019 Indian general election|2019 election manifesto]] the revocation of Article 370 of the Constitution of India, in order to bring Jammu and Kashmir to equal status with other states.<ref name=BBC6Aug/> |
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A resolution to [[Revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir|repeal Article 370]] was passed by both the houses of the [[Parliament of India]] in August 2019. At the same time, a [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019|reorganisation act]] was also passed, which would reconstitute the state into two union territories, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/parliament-live-govt-to-move-jammu-and-kashmir-reorganisation-bill-for-passage-in-lok-sabha/article28831274.ece|title=Parliament Live | Lok Sabha passes Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill, Ayes: 370, Noes 70|date=6 August 2019|website=Thehindu.com|accessdate=6 August 2019}}</ref> The reorganisation took effect from 31 October 2019.<ref name="Gazette2">{{cite|url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2019/210412.pdf|title=In exercise of the powers conferred by clause a of section 2 of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act.|date=9 August 2019|accessdate=9 August 2019|author=Ministry of Home Affairs|work=[[The Gazette of India]]}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{References}} |
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Revision as of 10:12, 4 December 2019
Jammu and Kashmiris a union territory of India, constituting the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, and between India and China since 1962.
Etymology
Jammu and Kashmir is named after the two regions it encompasses – the Jammu region and the Kashmir Valley.
History
The state of Jammu and Kashmir was accorded special status by Article 370 of the Constitution of India. In contrast to other states of India, Jammu and Kashmir had its own constitution, flag and administrative autonomy.[1] Indian citizens from other states were not allowed to purchase land or property in Jammu and Kashmir.[2]
Jammu and Kashmir had three distinct areas: Hindu-majority Jammu region, Muslim-majority Kashmir Valley and Buddhist-dominated Ladakh.[3] Unrest and violence persisted in the Kashmiri Valley and, following a disputed state election in 1987, an insurgency persisted in protest over autonomy and rights.[3][4]
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) came to power in the 2014 Indian general election and five years later included in their 2019 election manifesto the revocation of Article 370 of the Constitution of India, in order to bring Jammu and Kashmir to equal status with other states.[3]
A resolution to repeal Article 370 was passed by both the houses of the Parliament of India in August 2019. At the same time, a reorganisation act was also passed, which would reconstitute the state into two union territories, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.[5] The reorganisation took effect from 31 October 2019.[6]
References
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- ^ K. Venkataramanan (5 August 2019), "How the status of Jammu and Kashmir is being changed", The Hindu
- ^ "Article 370 and 35(A) revoked: How it would change the face of Kashmir". The Economic Times. 5 August 2019.
- ^ a b c Article 370: What happened with Kashmir and why it matters. BBC (2019-08-06). Retrieved 2019-08-07.
- ^ Jeelani, Mushtaq A. (25 June 2001). "Kashmir: A History Littered With Rigged Elections". Media Monitors Network. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
- ^ "Parliament Live | Lok Sabha passes Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill, Ayes: 370, Noes 70". Thehindu.com. 6 August 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
- ^ Ministry of Home Affairs (9 August 2019), "In exercise of the powers conferred by clause a of section 2 of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act." (PDF), The Gazette of India, retrieved 9 August 2019