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[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B37-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 37]] Puhu<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B37-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 37]] Puhu<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B41-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 41]] Kärevere<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B41-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 41]] Kärevere<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B40-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 40]] Tiksoja<br/>
[[Image:EST-round.svg|15px]] [[File:B40-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 40]] Tiksoja<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:M92-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 92]] Tartu<br/>
[[Image:EST-round.svg|15px]] [[File:M92-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 92]] Tartu<br/>
[[Image:AB-AS-blau.svg|20px]] [[File:M3-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 3]][[File:E264-EE.svg|30px |link=European route E264]] Tartu<br/>
[[Image:AB-AS-blau.svg|20px]] [[File:M3-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 3]][[File:E264-EE.svg|30px |link=European route E264]] Tartu<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B61-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 61]] Reola<br/>
[[Image:EST-cross.svg|15px]] [[File:B61-EE.svg|20px |link=Estonian national road 61]] Reola<br/>
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'''Põhimaantee nr 2''' (ofcl. abbr. '''T2''') is a 280-kilometre-long<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://teeregister.riik.ee/mnt/index/report/road/show.do?resultID=1cca065bf197065b59c958af0b0f11&reportID=0cca022bf197022b59c958af0b0f11 |title=Maanteeamet - Aruannete koostamine - Teede nimekiri - Print Preview page |access-date=2016-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423143606/https://teeregister.riik.ee/mnt/index/report/road/show.do?resultID=1cca065bf197065b59c958af0b0f11&reportID=0cca022bf197022b59c958af0b0f11 |archive-date=2016-04-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> north-south national main road in Estonia. The route follows the same path as the [[European route E263]]. The highway starts in [[Tallinn]]. From there the main cities passed are [[Kose]], [[Paide]], [[Põltsamaa]], [[Tartu]] and [[Võru]]. The highway ends in Lüta on the intersection with the [[Estonian national road 7|T7]].
'''Tallinn-Tartu-Võru-Luhamaa maantee''' (''Tallinn-Tartu-Võru-Luhamaa highway'', alternatively '''Põhimaantee nr 2''', unofficially abbreviated '''T2''') is a 282-kilometre-long<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://teeregister.riik.ee/mnt/index/report/road/show.do?resultID=1cca065bf197065b59c958af0b0f11&reportID=0cca022bf197022b59c958af0b0f11 |title=Maanteeamet - Aruannete koostamine - Teede nimekiri - Print Preview page |access-date=2016-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423143606/https://teeregister.riik.ee/mnt/index/report/road/show.do?resultID=1cca065bf197065b59c958af0b0f11&reportID=0cca022bf197022b59c958af0b0f11 |archive-date=2016-04-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> north-southeast national main road in Estonia. The route follows the same path as [[European route E263]]. The road forms a major north-south corridor within Estonia, connecting the two largest cities. The highway starts in [[Tallinn]] and passes a number of notable towns, namely [[Kose]], [[Põltsamaa]], [[Tartu]] and [[Võru]], with arterials branching off towards [[Paide]], [[Valga, Estonia|Valga]], [[Põlva]]. The highway ends in Luhamaa intersecting with the [[Estonian national road 7|T7]], heading to either Latvia or Russia.


In 2021, the highest traffic volumes were around Tallinn and Tartu, with highest recorded AADT figures being 28,000 and 19,000 respectively. Heavy traffic figures are second only to the T4, with around 1000 trucks recorded daily between Tallinn and Tartu.
The road forms a major transport north-south transport route within Estonia, as it connects the two largest cities in Estonia. In 2020, the highest traffic volumes were around Tallinn, with the [[AADT]] there being around 25,000. The figures rise again around Tartu, hovering around 11,000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mnt.ee/public/liiklusloendus/Lisa_6-8_2015.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422211605/http://mnt.ee/public/liiklusloendus/Lisa_6-8_2015.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The road forms a major transport north-south transport route within Estonia, as it connects the two largest cities in Estonia. In 2020, the highest traffic volumes were around Tallinn, with the [[AADT]] there being around 25,000. The figures rise again around Tartu, hovering around 11,000.<ref>https://www.transpordiamet.ee/liiklussagedus</ref>


The road is a [[dual carriageway]] for 85 kilometres. The main part is between Tallinn and Mäo (for 80 kilometres). The remainder can be found near Käravere (4.4 kilometres) and near [[Tartu]] (1 kilometre). The current road is a first in many road standard improvements: the first Estonian speed cameras were posted on the T2, also the first [[wildlife crossing]] in Estonia was completed in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.postimees.ee/2085476/peagi-valmib-eesti-esimene-okodukt|title=Peagi valmib Eesti esimene ökodukt|date=25 September 2013}}</ref>
The road is a dual carriageway for 86 kilometres. The main part is between Tallinn and Mäo, forming the longest continuous stretch of dual carriageway in Estonia. Remaining stretches are short stubs just before and exiting Tartu. Several 2+1 stretches have been constructed between Mäo and Tartu to alleviate overtaking dangers.<ref>https://www.err.ee/1608920687/kuus-kilomeetrit-tallinna-tartu-maanteed-ehitatakse-tanavu-2-1-teeks</ref> Future plans only envisage the construction of dual carriageways, albeit these have been largely put on hold due to austerity measures.<ref>https://www.err.ee/1609116641/transpordiameti-juht-eelarves-on-kruusateede-asfalteerimise-real-tuhjus</ref>


==History==
==Route description==
Research shows a trail of sorts between Tallinn and Tartu already present in the early 14th century, with negotiations during the St. George's Night uprising requiring travel between Tallinn, Tartu and Paide.
The T2 ([[Estonian language|Estonian]]: põhimaantee 2) is a major north-south highway in Estonia connecting the capital of the country, Tallinn, to southern Estonia. The T2 is a part of the [[European route E263]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/conventn/ECE-TRANS-SC1-384e.pdf|access-date=21 April 2023|website=unece.org|title=Working Party on Road Transport|date=14 March 2008}}</ref>


Roads in the modern sense started appearing during Swedish rule with a network of postal routes and postal stations established. By this point, several routes between Tallinn and Tartu via Rakvere, the Piibe highway and Põltsamaa were present, with these routes being largely unchanged later.
The route is currently regarded as dangerous for traffic, as (especially) the section between Tallinn and Mäo is full of dangerous blind corners.
The highway begins in Tallinn from [[Ülemiste]] and runs through the city for 2.9 kilometres. In the city, it intersects with the [[Estonian national road 1|T1]] in [[Ülemiste]]. After this, the road runs straight through the metro area of Tallinn, driving by towns such as [[Assaku]], [[Rae Parish|Rae]] and [[Pildiküla]], while also bypassing [[Tallinn Airport]]. In [[Jüri]], there is a roundabout interchange with the [[Estonian national road 11|T11]]. The road continues as a dual carriageway. At [[Suuresta]], the [[Pirita River]] is crossed. The road bypasses boroughs such as Vaida and Aruvalla.


Modern Estonia was historically administratively divided between Estonia and Livonia. As Tartu lay in Livonia, there was no significant demand for travel between Tallinn and Tartu. The route gained its modern levels of importance during the 20th century.
After Aruvalla, a new section of dual carriageway is entered, which was completed in 2012. At Saula, [[Viikingite Küla]], the road passes a viking-themed theme park. The [[Pirita (river)|Pirita River]] is crossed again. At Kose, there is an interchange with the T12. Shortly after this, the dual carriageway continues on a new piece of 2+2 dual carriageway for 40&nbsp;km to Mäo at 120&nbsp;km/h making it the first dual carriageway in Estonia to allow more than 110&nbsp;km/h. At Kose-Risti, the road intersects with the T14.


Until the mid-1920s the current T2 highway terminated at Põltsamaa, connecting via Aidu to Piibe highway. Onwards from Põltsamaa and towards Kärevere was only important on a parochial level and no longer a main route, as no bridge over the Emajõgi was constructed in Kärevere until 1928 and a ferry was required. The first bridge, eventually constructed in 1928, collapsed in just two days. Hence the Tallinn-Mäo-Põltsamaa highway was rather used for traffic between Tallinn and Riga, with the route continuing towards Viljandi, Karksi-Nuia and the border at Polli.


In the 1930s, plans were devised to construct a new Tallinn-Riga highway via Paide and Põltsamaa, running completely straight between Tallinn and Põltsamaa. The designed road had a width of 8 metres, with a granite foundation and topped with gravel, and a speed limit of 150km/h. In Viljandimaa the road would've passed straight across Parika bog and over large valleys. The route between Tallinn and Paide would've shortened by 21 kilometres, 24 kilometres total between Tallinn and Tartu. Construction began from Tallinn in December 1934, employing up to 450 people. With the highway costing 2.4 million kroons but very little money allocated by the state, construction was slow and only 8 kilometres of road (up to Assaku) were constructed by 1940.
At Mäo, the road briefly turns into a dual carriageway with the speed limit of 110&nbsp;km/h. Here, there is an interchange with the [[Estonian national road 5|T5]]. The road stays a dual carriageway for 5.9&nbsp;km, after which it again turns into a 1+1 road. At [[Imavere, Järva County|Imavere]], the road intersects with the T49. Most traffic to [[Viljandi]] exits the road here, due to the T49 leading straight to Viljandi.
Shortly after, the road crosses [[Põltsamaa (river)|Põltsamaa River]] and passes the town of [[Põltsamaa]]. The road intersects with the T38 and T37 here.

At [[Puurmani]], the [[Pedja River]] is crossed. At [[Kärevere, Tartu County|Kärevere]], the [[Emajõgi]] is crossed. Shortly after, the road intersects with the T40. The following 10-kilometre section is also known as the Tartu Western Bypass. The road here intersects with major Estonian roads, such as the [[Estonian national road 92|T92]], [[Estonian national road 3|T3]] and Tartu Eastern Bypass. At [[Ülenurme]], the road bypasses [[Tartu Airport]]. After this, the road intersects with the T61 and T46.

At Võru, the Võhandu river, the longest river in Estonia, is crossed. After an intersection with Võru's Tallinna maantee, the Võru Bypass is entered. Here, the road intersects with the T64, T65 and T66. Finally, at Lüta, the road ends when intersecting with the [[Estonian national road 7|T7]].

Currently there are 22 speed cameras on the T2, between kilometres 41 and 150.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-03|title=Kiiruskaamerate asukohad|url=https://www.mnt.ee/et/tee/liikluskorraldus/kiiruskaamerad/kiiruskaamerate-asukohad|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Transpordiamet|language=et}}</ref>


=== Road length of lane ===
=== Road length of lane ===

Revision as of 21:28, 21 January 2024

National Road 2 shield}}
National Road 2
Põhimaantee 2
Map
Ökodukt Tallinn-Tartu maanteel 2016. aasta novembris..jpg
Route information
Maintained by Estonian Road Administration
Length282 km (175 mi)
Major junctions
FromTallinn
Major intersections Ülemiste

Jüri
Kose
Kose-Risti
Mäo
Mäeküla
Imavere
Mõhküla
Puhu
Kärevere
Tiksoja
Tartu
Tartu
Reola
Tatra
Saverna
Kanepi
Kanepi
Võru
Võru

Verijärve
ToLuhamaa
Location
CountryEstonia
Counties Harju County

 Järva County
 Jõgeva County
 Tartu County
 Põlva County

 Võru County
Highway system
← T1→ T3

Tallinn-Tartu-Võru-Luhamaa maantee (Tallinn-Tartu-Võru-Luhamaa highway, alternatively Põhimaantee nr 2, unofficially abbreviated T2) is a 282-kilometre-long[1] north-southeast national main road in Estonia. The route follows the same path as European route E263. The road forms a major north-south corridor within Estonia, connecting the two largest cities. The highway starts in Tallinn and passes a number of notable towns, namely Kose, Põltsamaa, Tartu and Võru, with arterials branching off towards Paide, Valga, Põlva. The highway ends in Luhamaa intersecting with the T7, heading to either Latvia or Russia.

In 2021, the highest traffic volumes were around Tallinn and Tartu, with highest recorded AADT figures being 28,000 and 19,000 respectively. Heavy traffic figures are second only to the T4, with around 1000 trucks recorded daily between Tallinn and Tartu. The road forms a major transport north-south transport route within Estonia, as it connects the two largest cities in Estonia. In 2020, the highest traffic volumes were around Tallinn, with the AADT there being around 25,000. The figures rise again around Tartu, hovering around 11,000.[2]

The road is a dual carriageway for 86 kilometres. The main part is between Tallinn and Mäo, forming the longest continuous stretch of dual carriageway in Estonia. Remaining stretches are short stubs just before and exiting Tartu. Several 2+1 stretches have been constructed between Mäo and Tartu to alleviate overtaking dangers.[3] Future plans only envisage the construction of dual carriageways, albeit these have been largely put on hold due to austerity measures.[4]

History

Research shows a trail of sorts between Tallinn and Tartu already present in the early 14th century, with negotiations during the St. George's Night uprising requiring travel between Tallinn, Tartu and Paide.

Roads in the modern sense started appearing during Swedish rule with a network of postal routes and postal stations established. By this point, several routes between Tallinn and Tartu via Rakvere, the Piibe highway and Põltsamaa were present, with these routes being largely unchanged later.

Modern Estonia was historically administratively divided between Estonia and Livonia. As Tartu lay in Livonia, there was no significant demand for travel between Tallinn and Tartu. The route gained its modern levels of importance during the 20th century.

Until the mid-1920s the current T2 highway terminated at Põltsamaa, connecting via Aidu to Piibe highway. Onwards from Põltsamaa and towards Kärevere was only important on a parochial level and no longer a main route, as no bridge over the Emajõgi was constructed in Kärevere until 1928 and a ferry was required. The first bridge, eventually constructed in 1928, collapsed in just two days. Hence the Tallinn-Mäo-Põltsamaa highway was rather used for traffic between Tallinn and Riga, with the route continuing towards Viljandi, Karksi-Nuia and the border at Polli.

In the 1930s, plans were devised to construct a new Tallinn-Riga highway via Paide and Põltsamaa, running completely straight between Tallinn and Põltsamaa. The designed road had a width of 8 metres, with a granite foundation and topped with gravel, and a speed limit of 150km/h. In Viljandimaa the road would've passed straight across Parika bog and over large valleys. The route between Tallinn and Paide would've shortened by 21 kilometres, 24 kilometres total between Tallinn and Tartu. Construction began from Tallinn in December 1934, employing up to 450 people. With the highway costing 2.4 million kroons but very little money allocated by the state, construction was slow and only 8 kilometres of road (up to Assaku) were constructed by 1940.

Road length of lane

6 km 80 km 40 km 16 km 14 km 7 km 2 km 3 km 9 km 2 km 3 km 3 km 97 km
Urban 2+2 road 1+1 road 2+1 road 1+1 road 2+1 road 1+1 road 2+2 road 1+1 road Urban 1+1 road 2+2 road 1+1 road

Route table

The route passes through Harju County (Tallinn, Rae, Kose), Järva County (Paide, Järva), Jõgeva County (Põltsamaa), Tartu County (Tartu, Tartu, Kambja), Põlva County (Kanepi), Võru County (Võru, Võru, Setomaa).

Municipality Location km mi Destinations Notes
Tallinn Tallinn Viru väljak 0.0 0.0 Viru Square is the starting point for four highways - Tallinn-Narva, Tallinn-Tartu, Tallinn-Pärnu and Tallinn-Paldiski. Concurrency with T1.
Pronksi T11608 Urban intersection
Ülemiste  – Narva Peterburi tee crosses on flyover; end of T1 concurrency.
Ülemiste T11290 Urban intersection
Mõigu T11330 Urban intersection
Exiting Tallinn, start of dual carriageway
Rae Parish Rae Assaku T11330 – Järveküla, Assaku Furthermost ramps divided by 1,4km
Pildiküla T11332 – Lehmja, Pildiküla
Jüri  – Pärnu maantee
 – Narva maantee
 – Jüri
Patika T11114 – Nabala, Kautjala, Patika centre
Vaida T11202 – Vaidasoo
T11155 – Vaida
T11114
Aruvalla T11202 – Urge, Tuhala, Jägala
Aruvalla T11202 T11310 –– Urge, Tuhala, Jägala
Piuga T11704 T11203 – Tuhala, Saula Southbound exit ramp only
Kose Parish Kose Saula T11704 T11703  North- and southbound entrance only
Siniallika T11703 – Saula centre Northbound exit only
Kolu T11204 T11203 – Tammiku, Oru, Kolu
T11705
Kurena T11706 Eastbound exit only
Kuivajõe  – Kose;
T11205 – Kose-Uuemõisa, Karla;
T11708
Kose-Risti  – Purila, Kose;
 – Kehra 		Pre-motorway T2 forms northbound exit from T11708
Ardu T11141 – Ardu, Ojasoo, Triigi
Paide Paide Mustla T11141 – Ardu, Mustla
Otiku T11156 – Kirisaare;
T11220 T11159 – Eivere
T11218 – Anna
T11179 – Otiku centre
Korba T15220 – Kirisaare;
T15220 T15159 – Eivere
T15218 – Anna
T15179 – Otiku centre 		Southbound entrance only; pre-motorway T2 rejoins
Kükita T15217 T15159 – Mäo, Tarbja centre Southbound exit only; pre-motorway T2
Mäo  – Pärnu, Türi, Paide, Rakvere, Aravete
Valgma T15159 – Mäo centre;
Vodja
End of dual carriageway
Paide Paide Mäeküla  – Piibe maantee, Koeru
Mäeküla T15175 – Mündi
Järva Parish Järva Prandi T15182 – Prandi
Koigi T15162 – Päinurme, Koigi centre
Koigi T15182 – Prandi
Koigi T15167 – Laimetsa
Käsukonna T15167 – Laimetsa
Imavere  – Viljandi, Imavere centre
Kiigevere T15164 – Imavere
Põltsamaa Parish Põltsamaa Adavere T14163 – Rutikvere
Adavere T14186 – Puiatu
Mõhküla T14166 – Eistvere
Põltsamaa  – Võhma, Põltsamaa;
 – Viljandi
Põltsamaa T14170 – Põltsamaa, Pajusi
Põltsamaa  – Põltsamaa, Jõgeva;
 – Võhma;
 – Mustvee
Põltsamaa T14172 – Lustivere
Annikvere T14174 – Annikvere centre;
T14176 – Umbusi
Start of 2+1
Põltsamaa Parish Põltsamaa Kaliküla T14173 – Lustivere;
T14171 – Sulustvere
Neanurme T14177 – Umbusi
Pikknurme T14175 – Umbusi;
T14178 – Saduküla
End of 2+1
Põltsamaa Parish Põltsamaa Puurmani T14179 – Puurmani;
T14180 – Tabivere;
T14150 – Jõgeva
T14246 –;
T14193 – 		Single carriageway interchange
Tartu Tartu Siniküla T22107 – Laeva, Siniküla centre
Rootsi T22107 – Siniküla, Laeva
Start of 2+1
End of 2+1
Tartu Tartu Kärevere  – Kärkna;
Jõhvi maantee;
Jõgeva maantee
Start of dual carriageway
End of dual carriageway
Tartu Tartu Kardla T22102 – Kardla
Kardla T22106 – Ilmatsalu;
 – Viljandi maantee
Rähni T22104 – Rahinge
Tiksoja T22101 – Vorbuse
Tiksoja  – Tartu city centre
Ilmatsalu T22103 – Ilmatsalu, Rahinge;
Tartu, Ilmatsalu street
Viljandi  – Viljandi, Puhja
Tartu, Viljandi maantee
Riia  – Valga, Elva
City centre 		Grade-separated roundabout junction with T2 on flyover
Kambja Parish Kambja Variku Tõrvandi, Roopa street Single carriageway interchange
Postimaja Narva, Räpina, Jõgeva, Tartu
Start of dual carriageway
Kambja Parish Kambja Tõrvandi T22104 – Lemmatsi Westbound exit and southbound entrance only
Lennu T22132 – Külitse, Tartu Airport, Tõrvandi
End of dual carriageway
Kambja Parish Kambja Reola T22133 – Unipiha
 – Põlva
Tatra T22134 – Virulase
Tatra  – Otepää
Kambja T22180 – Nõo
Kambja T22136 – Rebase
Kambja T22188 – Kavandu
Kambja T22135 – Sirvaku
Kambja T22135 – Sirvaku
Kanepi Parish Kanepi Vissi T22185 – Pangodi, Kammeri
Vissi T18143 – Vooreküla
Maaritsa T18136 – Prangli
Maaritsa T18148 – Otepää
Sulaoja T18134 – Krüüdneri
Sulaoja T18176 – Piigaste
Abissaare T18133 – Pikareinu
Saverna  – Põlva
Saverna T18127 – Krootuse
Saverna T18174 – Tiido
Saverna T18147 – Otepää, Valgjärve
Silgu T18123 – Jõksi
Kanepi T18167 – Ihamaru
Kanepi T18295 – Otepää, Kanepi
Kanepi T18120 – Varbuse
Kanepi  – Otepää, Kanepi
Kanepi  – Põlva
Erastvere T18116 – Sillaotsa
Peetrimõisa T18244 – Magari, Sulbi
Võru Parish Võru Peetrimõisa T18170 – Heimtali church
Mäekülä T25150 – Antsla, Osula, Raiste
Navi  – Pärnu
Navi T25136 – Väimela, Navi
Võru  – Võru, Põlva
Võru  – Võru, Koidula, Räpina
Verijärve T25146 – Umbsaare
Verijärve  – Valga, Võru
Verijärve T25131 – Rõuge
Verijärve T25239 – Lasva
Räpo T25133 – Uue-Saaluse
Tootsi T25138 – Kasaritsa
Holsta T25225 – Uue-Saaluse
Holsta T25172 – Vana-Saaluse
Hinsa T25210 – Loosi
Hinsa T25221 – Vana-Saaluse
Vastseliina T25162 – Loosi, Kapera
Vastseliina T25211 –
Vastseliina T25182 – Obinitsa, Meremäe
Vastseliina T25132 – Vastseliina
Illi T25164 – Meremäe, Vana-Vastseliina, Tsiistre, Kirikumäe
Vatsa T25174 – Miikse
Viitka T25158 – Pältre
Setomaa Parish Setomaa Luhamaa  – Riga, Pskov
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Estonian national road 2.

References

  1. ^ "Maanteeamet - Aruannete koostamine - Teede nimekiri - Print Preview page". Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
  2. ^ https://www.transpordiamet.ee/liiklussagedus
  3. ^ https://www.err.ee/1608920687/kuus-kilomeetrit-tallinna-tartu-maanteed-ehitatakse-tanavu-2-1-teeks
  4. ^ https://www.err.ee/1609116641/transpordiameti-juht-eelarves-on-kruusateede-asfalteerimise-real-tuhjus

Media related to Estonian national road 2 at Wikimedia Commons

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