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→‎Queer studies: delete utter nonsense
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'''Fictosexuality''' is [[sexual attraction]] towards [[fictional characters]].<ref name="Matsuura-2021">{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2021 |script-title=ja:日常生活の自明性によるクレイム申し立ての「予めの排除／抹消」――「性的指向」概念に適合しないセクシュアリティの語られ方に注目して |trans-title="Foreclosure/Erasure" of Claims-Making by the Everyday Life as Taken for Granted: Discourse Analysis about "Fictosexual" as Sexuality that does not Conform to "Sexual Orientation" |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/shabyo/36/0/36_67/_article/-char/en |journal=Journal of Social Problems |language=ja |volume=36 |pages=67–83 |doi=10.50885/shabyo.36.0_67}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2024 |editor-last=Tsuji |editor-first=Yosuke |editor2-last=Sakamaki |editor2-first=Shitone |title=素肉は肉より出でて、しかし肉には非らず──ヒューマノジェンダリズム批判序説 |trans-title=Mock Meat, That Imitates Meat but Is Not Meat—An Introduction to Criticism of Humano-Genderism |url=https://theghostintheshell.jp/en/mma/column/column09 |website=Ghost in the Shell Official Global Site |series=Ghost in the Shell M.M.A. - Messed Mesh Ambitions_ |publisher=Kodansha}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="Daigle-Orians-2023" /> Romantic attraction towards fictional characters is called fictoromantic.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Barron |first=Victoria |title=Amazing ace, awesome aro: an illustrated exploration |date=2023 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1-83997-714-5 |location=London ; Philadelphia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rendle |first=Samantha |title=Hopeless aromantic: an affirmative guide to aromanticism |date=2023 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1-83997-367-3 |location=London ; Philadelphia}}</ref>
'''Fictosexuality''' is [[sexual attraction]] towards [[fictional characters]].<ref name="Matsuura-2021">{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2021 |script-title=ja:日常生活の自明性によるクレイム申し立ての「予めの排除／抹消」――「性的指向」概念に適合しないセクシュアリティの語られ方に注目して |trans-title="Foreclosure/Erasure" of Claims-Making by the Everyday Life as Taken for Granted: Discourse Analysis about "Fictosexual" as Sexuality that does not Conform to "Sexual Orientation" |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/shabyo/36/0/36_67/_article/-char/en |journal=Journal of Social Problems |language=ja |volume=36 |pages=67–83 |doi=10.50885/shabyo.36.0_67}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2024 |editor-last=Tsuji |editor-first=Yosuke |editor2-last=Sakamaki |editor2-first=Shitone |title=素肉は肉より出でて、しかし肉には非らず──ヒューマノジェンダリズム批判序説 |trans-title=Mock Meat, That Imitates Meat but Is Not Meat—An Introduction to Criticism of Humano-Genderism |url=https://theghostintheshell.jp/en/mma/column/column09 |website=Ghost in the Shell Official Global Site |series=Ghost in the Shell M.M.A. - Messed Mesh Ambitions_ |publisher=Kodansha}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="Daigle-Orians-2023" /> Romantic attraction towards fictional characters is called fictoromantic.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Barron |first=Victoria |title=Amazing ace, awesome aro: an illustrated exploration |date=2023 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1-83997-714-5 |location=London ; Philadelphia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rendle |first=Samantha |title=Hopeless aromantic: an affirmative guide to aromanticism |date=2023 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1-83997-367-3 |location=London ; Philadelphia}}</ref>


The term fictosexuality describes the desire to engage in sexual or romantic relationships with a fictional character,<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /> or the experience of desire for fictional sexual material distinct from desire for flesh-and-blood people.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2023 |title=Basic Terms of Fictosexuality Studies |url=https://researchmap.jp/blogs/blog_entries/view/385284/a130954bf13ad97999b07b72844be161?frame_id=841678 |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=Research Map}}</ref> The [[Asexuality|asexual]] community has used the term to describe people who experience sexual attraction exclusively to fictional characters and not to real people,<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="Daigle-Orians-2023">{{Cite book |last=Daigle-Orians |first=Cody |title=I Am Ace: Advice on Living Your Best Asexual Life |date=21 February 2023 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1839972621}}</ref> although not all people who use the term to describe themselves also consider themselves asexual.{{cn|date=March 2024}}
The term fictosexuality describes the desire to engage in sexual or romantic relationships with a fictional character,<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /> or the experience of desire for fictional sexual material distinct from desire for flesh-and-blood people.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2023 |title=Basic Terms of Fictosexuality Studies |url=https://researchmap.jp/blogs/blog_entries/view/385284/a130954bf13ad97999b07b72844be161?frame_id=841678 |access-date=2023-10-21 |website=Research Map}}</ref> The [[Asexuality|asexual]] community has used the term to describe people who experience sexual attraction to fictional characters and not to real people.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name="Daigle-Orians-2023">{{Cite book |last=Daigle-Orians |first=Cody |title=I Am Ace: Advice on Living Your Best Asexual Life |date=21 February 2023 |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |isbn=978-1839972621}}</ref>


== Terms in different languages ==
== Terms in different languages ==
In [[Chinese language|Chinese]], the term ''zhǐxìngliàn'' ({{hanyu|t=紙性戀|l=paper sexuality|labels=yes|s=纸性恋}}) specifically refers to sexual attraction towards two-dimensional characters only.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Liao |first=Xiwen |title=故事與另外的世界：台灣ACG研究學會年會論文集 |publisher=奇異果文創事業有限公司 |year=2024 |isbn=9786269807680 |editor-last=劉定綱 |volume=1 |language=zh |chapter=紙性戀處境及其悖論: 情動、想像與賦生關係 |trans-chapter=On Fictosexual Position and its Paradox: Affacts, Imaginary, and Animating Relationships |editor-last2=李衣雲 |chapter-url=https://vocus.cc/article/644f4f46fd897800017c0c01}}</ref>
In [[Chinese language|Chinese]], the term ''zhǐxìngliàn'' ({{hanyu|t=紙性戀|l=paper sexuality|labels=yes|s=纸性恋}}) refers to sexual attraction towards two-dimensional characters only.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Liao |first=Xiwen |title=故事與另外的世界：台灣ACG研究學會年會論文集 |publisher=奇異果文創事業有限公司 |year=2024 |isbn=9786269807680 |editor-last=劉定綱 |volume=1 |language=zh |chapter=紙性戀處境及其悖論: 情動、想像與賦生關係 |trans-chapter=On Fictosexual Position and its Paradox: Affacts, Imaginary, and Animating Relationships |editor-last2=李衣雲 |chapter-url=https://vocus.cc/article/644f4f46fd897800017c0c01}}</ref>


In [[Japanese language|Japanese]], ''fikutosekushuaru'' ({{Lang|ja|フィクトセクシュアル}}), a English loanword, is associated with [[Nijikon|''nijikon'']], which is typically used to describe a sexual attraction towards two-dimensional anime, manga, and light novel characters, as opposed to attraction towards flesh-and-blood humans.<ref name="Matsuura-2022">{{Cite thesis |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2022 |script-title=ja:アニメーション的な誤配としての多重見当識：非対人性愛的な「二次元」へのセクシュアリティに関する理論的考察 |trans-title=Multiple Orientations as Animating Misdelivery: Theoretical Considerations on Sexuality Attracted to Nijigen (Two-Dimensional) Objects |url=https://researchmap.jp/mtwrmtwr/published_papers/37150884?lang=en |journal=Gender Studies |language=ja |publisher=Institute for Gender Studies, Ochanomizu University |issue=25 |pages=139–157 |doi=10.24567/0002000551}}</ref><ref name="Matsuura-2021-2">{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2021 |script-title=ja:二次元の性的表現による「現実性愛」の相対化の可能性――現実の他者へ性的に惹かれない「オタク」「腐女子」の語りを事例として |trans-title=The Possibility of Relativization of Compulsory Sexuality by Nonrealistic Sexual Fantasy: Based on the Narration of "Otaku" and "Fujoshi" Who Do Not Experience Sexual or Romantic Attraction to Real People |url=https://researchmap.jp/mtwrmtwr/published_papers/26017547?lang=en |journal=Japan Sociologist |language=ja |issue=5 |pages=116–136 |isbn=9784788517073}}</ref> However, the term ''fikutosekushuaru'' is distinct from ''nijikon'' and specifically pertains to a sexual identity.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":0" />
In [[Japanese language|Japanese]], ''fikutosekushuaru'' ({{Lang|ja|フィクトセクシュアル}}), a English loanword, is associated with [[Nijikon|''nijikon'']], which is typically used to describe a sexual attraction towards two-dimensional anime, manga, and light novel characters, as opposed to attraction towards flesh-and-blood humans.<ref name="Matsuura-2022">{{Cite thesis |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2022 |script-title=ja:アニメーション的な誤配としての多重見当識：非対人性愛的な「二次元」へのセクシュアリティに関する理論的考察 |trans-title=Multiple Orientations as Animating Misdelivery: Theoretical Considerations on Sexuality Attracted to Nijigen (Two-Dimensional) Objects |url=https://researchmap.jp/mtwrmtwr/published_papers/37150884?lang=en |journal=Gender Studies |language=ja |publisher=Institute for Gender Studies, Ochanomizu University |issue=25 |pages=139–157 |doi=10.24567/0002000551}}</ref><ref name="Matsuura-2021-2">{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2021 |script-title=ja:二次元の性的表現による「現実性愛」の相対化の可能性――現実の他者へ性的に惹かれない「オタク」「腐女子」の語りを事例として |trans-title=The Possibility of Relativization of Compulsory Sexuality by Nonrealistic Sexual Fantasy: Based on the Narration of "Otaku" and "Fujoshi" Who Do Not Experience Sexual or Romantic Attraction to Real People |url=https://researchmap.jp/mtwrmtwr/published_papers/26017547?lang=en |journal=Japan Sociologist |language=ja |issue=5 |pages=116–136 |isbn=9784788517073}}</ref> However, the term ''fikutosekushuaru'' is distinct from ''nijikon'' and specifically pertains to a sexual identity.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":0" />
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=== Relationship with fictional characters ===
=== Relationship with fictional characters ===
Fictosexuality and fictromance are occasionally regarded as a form of [[Parasocial interaction|parasocial]] relationship in media studies and game studies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Blom |first=Joleen |year=2022 |editor-last=Grabarczyk |editor-first=Pawel |title=Game Character |url=https://eolt.org/articles/game-character |website=Encyclopedia of Ludic Terms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bruno |first=Luca |date=2023-12-23 |title=To (Sub)Serve Man. Role Language and Intimate Scripts in Kioku no Dizorubu |url=https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/bsfm-lea/article/view/14474 |journal=LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente |volume=12 |pages=99–116 |doi=10.36253/lea-1824-484x-14474 |issn=1824-484X|doi-access=free }}</ref> However, Xiwen Liao points out that research on parasocial relationships often centers on unidirectional attachment from the audience to the character, thereby overlooking the intricate and diverse relationships between fictosexuals or fictromantics, and fictional characters.<ref name=":3" />
Fictosexuality and fictromance are occasionally regarded as a form of [[Parasocial interaction|parasocial]] relationship in media studies and game studies.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Blom |first=Joleen |year=2022 |editor-last=Grabarczyk |editor-first=Pawel |title=Game Character |url=https://eolt.org/articles/game-character |website=Encyclopedia of Ludic Terms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bruno |first=Luca |date=2023-12-23 |title=To (Sub)Serve Man. Role Language and Intimate Scripts in Kioku no Dizorubu |url=https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/bsfm-lea/article/view/14474 |journal=LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente |volume=12 |pages=99–116 |doi=10.36253/lea-1824-484x-14474 |issn=1824-484X|doi-access=free }}</ref> Xiwen Liao claims that research on parasocial relationships often centers on unidirectional attachment from the audience to the character, thereby overlooking the intricate and diverse relationships between fictosexuals or fictromantics, and fictional characters.<ref name=":3" />

Some researchers have considered relationships with fictosexuals or fictoromantics and fictional characters as "animating relationship" in sociology and anthropology.<ref name="Matsuura-2022" /><ref name=":3" /> Drawing on Teri Silvio's concept of "animation" and ontological anthropology, they argue that a character's interiority or personality is constituted through the relationships between the objects comprising the character and people.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" />


=== Queer studies ===
=== Queer studies ===
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Several asexual studies and introductory books on sexual minorities refer to fictosexuality.<ref name="Daigle-Orians-2023" /><ref name="Yule-2017">{{Cite journal |last1=Yule |first1=Morag A. |last2=Brotto |first2=Lori A. |last3=Gorzalka |first3=Boris B. |year=2017 |title=Sexual Fantasy and Masturbation Among Asexual Individuals: An In-Depth Exploration |url=https://med-fom-brotto.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2014/11/Yule-Gorzalka-Brotto-2017-Sexual-fantasy-masturbation-among-asexual-individuals-An-in-depth-exploration-4754.pdf |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.1007/s10508-016-0870-8|pmid=27882477 |s2cid=254264133 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2020 |script-title=ja:アセクシュアル研究におけるセクシュアルノーマティヴィティ概念の理論的意義と日本社会への適用可能性 |trans-title=The Concept of Compulsory Sexuality: Theoretical Meaning and Applicability to Japanese Society |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sswj/18/0/18_89/_article/-char/en |journal=Journal of Sociological Society of West Japan |language=ja |volume=18 |pages=89–101 |doi=10.32197/sswj.18.0_89}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Palettalk |script-title=ja:マンガでわかるLGBTQ+ |publisher=Kodansha Ltd. |year=2021 |isbn=9784065224922 |pages=35 |language=ja |trans-title=Comic Book for Learning LGBTQ+}}</ref>
{{See also|Human-oriented sexualism}}
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Several asexual studies and introductory books on sexual minorities refer to fictosexuality.<ref name="Daigle-Orians-2023" /><ref name="Yule-2017">{{Cite journal |last1=Yule |first1=Morag A. |last2=Brotto |first2=Lori A. |last3=Gorzalka |first3=Boris B. |year=2017 |title=Sexual Fantasy and Masturbation Among Asexual Individuals: An In-Depth Exploration |url=https://med-fom-brotto.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2014/11/Yule-Gorzalka-Brotto-2017-Sexual-fantasy-masturbation-among-asexual-individuals-An-in-depth-exploration-4754.pdf |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.1007/s10508-016-0870-8|pmid=27882477 |s2cid=254264133 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2020 |script-title=ja:アセクシュアル研究におけるセクシュアルノーマティヴィティ概念の理論的意義と日本社会への適用可能性 |trans-title=The Concept of Compulsory Sexuality: Theoretical Meaning and Applicability to Japanese Society |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sswj/18/0/18_89/_article/-char/en |journal=Journal of Sociological Society of West Japan |language=ja |volume=18 |pages=89–101 |doi=10.32197/sswj.18.0_89}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Palettalk |script-title=ja:マンガでわかるLGBTQ+ |publisher=Kodansha Ltd. |year=2021 |isbn=9784065224922 |pages=35 |language=ja |trans-title=Comic Book for Learning LGBTQ+}}</ref> As part of studies on fictosexuality, researches on individuals who are exclusively sexually attracted to two-dimensional characters has been conducted.<ref name="Matsuura-2021-2" /> These researchers have noted that such sexuality, akin to asexuality, forces us to reconsider dominant ideas about sexuality.<ref name="Matsuura-2021-2" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Miles |first=Elizabeth |title=Porn as Practice, Porn as Access: Pornography Consumption and a ʻThird Sexual Orientationʼ in Japan |journal=Porn Studies |date=2020 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=269–278 |doi=10.1080/23268743.2020.1726205}}</ref>

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[[Queer theory|Queer theoretical]] research has also been conducted. In her analysis of the concept of "animation" and [[Hiroki Azuma]]'s interpretation of [[Jacques Derrida]], sociologist and queer theorist Yuu Matsuura argues that sexual attraction to fictional characters subverts established norms in a different manner from [[Judith Butler]]'s [[performativity]].<ref name="Matsuura-2022" /> The subversion is "transforming the method of perception or the way of desire through animation constructing the beings of a category that did not exist before."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2022 |script-title=ja:メタファーとしての美少女：アニメーション的な誤配によるジェンダー・トラブル |trans-title=Bishōjo as Metaphor: Gender Trouble by Animating Misdelivery |url=https://researchmap.jp/mtwrmtwr/published_papers/39441213?lang=en |journal=La revue de la pensée d'aujourd'hui |language=ja |volume=50 |issue=11 |pages=63–75 |isbn=9784791714353}}</ref> Matsuura also posits a theory that [[human-oriented sexualism]] is linked to [[heteronormativity]] and [[gender binarism]].<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name="Matsuura-2022" />


⚫
Sociologist and queer theorist Yuu Matsuura argues that sexual attraction to fictional characters subverts established norms in a different manner from [[Judith Butler]]'s [[performativity]]{{What|date=May 2024}}.<ref name="Matsuura-2022" /> The subversion is "transforming the method of perception or the way of desire through animation constructing the beings of a category that did not exist before."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matsuura |first=Yuu |year=2022 |script-title=ja:メタファーとしての美少女：アニメーション的な誤配によるジェンダー・トラブル |trans-title=Bishōjo as Metaphor: Gender Trouble by Animating Misdelivery |url=https://researchmap.jp/mtwrmtwr/published_papers/39441213?lang=en |journal=La revue de la pensée d'aujourd'hui |language=ja |volume=50 |issue=11 |pages=63–75 |isbn=9784791714353}}</ref>
Through interviews conducted with fictosexual individuals, Matsuura discovered that they face the same forms of oppression due to compulsory sexuality as asexual individuals do.<ref name="Matsuura-2021-2" /> Furthermore, it was also observed that sexual desire does not always entail a desire for sexual intercourse.<ref name="Matsuura-2021-2" /> Just as not all allosexuals desire sexual contact, some fictosexual individuals do not desire interactive relationships with fictional characters.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name="Matsuura-2021-2" /> Matsuura's research indicates that these individuals are rendered invisible under [[amatonormativity]].<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /> Interview surveys indicate that the practices of fictosexual individuals present some possibilities to challenge compulsory sexuality and [[human-oriented sexualism]].<ref name=":3" /><ref name="Matsuura-2021-2" />


== Criticism, discrimination, and stigmatization ==
== Criticism, discrimination, and stigmatization ==
According to Matsuura, fictosexuals have been marginalized or concealed in societies that adhere to the norm of sexual attraction to human beings. They are occasionally stigmatized or pathologized. Fictosexuals also face prejudice from the LGBT community. Fictosexuality is often thought of as a preference and excluded from the LGBT community.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" />
According to Matsuura, fictosexuals have been marginalized or concealed in societies that adhere to the norm of sexual attraction to human beings. Fictosexuality is often thought of as a preference and excluded from the LGBT community.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" />


Additionally, the sexual attraction towards fictional characters can be misrepresented as a mere inclination towards a human depicted in a particular style, whereas actually the attraction is directed towards a non-human entity.<ref name="Matsuura-2022" /><ref name=":0" /> Some researchers and activists argue that considering the attraction to fictional underage characters as equivalent to a desire for a human child reflects a [[Human-oriented sexualism|human-oriented sexualist]] biased view.<ref name="Matsuura-2022" />{{efn|Yuu Matsuura criticizes the "asymmetry wherein [[hentai]] content is subject to unilateral problematizing, while human-oriented sexuality is presumed as self-evident" and presents an ethical question, "Why is the issue that hentai content purportedly causes not labeled as the 'human-oriented sexuality issues'?"<ref name="Matsuura-2022" /> }}
Sexual attraction towards fictional characters can be misrepresented as a mere inclination towards a human depicted in a particular style, whereas actually the attraction is directed towards a non-human entity.<ref name="Matsuura-2022" /><ref name=":0" />


== Community and activism ==
== Community and activism ==
Online communities and forums about fictosexuality exist.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":3" /> Taiwan Entrepot of Fictosexuality, a fictosexual activist organization, has been established in Taiwan, aligning with feminist bookstores and [[LGBT|LGBTQ]] activists.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /> Some activists have labeled the sexuality only attracted to manga/anime fictional characters as a "third sexual orientation," and Miles argues that "it is the criticism of non-real-world sex, sex outside a flesh-and-blood relationship, which drives much contemporary anti-pornography criticism and activism".<ref name=":1" /> Criticism of [[human-oriented sexualism]] rebuts the assumption that [[ACG (subculture)|ACG]] pornography sexualizes real women and promotes pedophilia,<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name="Matsuura-2022" /> while simultaneously denouncing [[rape culture]].<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /> This critique is oriented towards solidarity with the feminist and LGBTQ movements.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
Online communities and forums about fictosexuality exist.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name=":3" /> Taiwan Entrepot of Fictosexuality, a fictosexual activist organization, has been established in Taiwan, aligning with feminist bookstores and [[LGBT|LGBTQ]] activists.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" /> Some activists have labeled the sexuality only attracted to manga/anime fictional characters as a "third sexual orientation," and Miles argues that "it is the criticism of non-real-world sex, sex outside a flesh-and-blood relationship, which drives much contemporary anti-pornography criticism and activism".<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Miles |first=Elizabeth |date=2020 |title=Porn as Practice, Porn as Access: Pornography Consumption and a ʻThird Sexual Orientationʼ in Japan |journal=Porn Studies |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=269–278 |doi=10.1080/23268743.2020.1726205}}</ref> Criticism of human-oriented sexualism rebuts the assumption that [[ACG (subculture)|ACG]] pornography sexualizes real women and promotes pedophilia.<ref name="Matsuura-2021" /><ref name="Matsuura-2022" />


Japanese school administrator [[Akihiko Kondo]], who identifies as a fictosexual,<ref name="nyt">{{Cite web |last1=Dooley |first1=Ben |last2=Ueno |first2=Hisako |date=April 24, 2022 |title=This Man Married a Fictional Character. He'd Like You to Hear Him Out. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/24/business/akihiko-kondo-fictional-character-relationships.html |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="asahi">{{Cite web |last=Kazuyuki |first=Ito |date=May 18, 2023 |title=Man finds bliss after 'marrying' virtual idol Hatsune Miku |url=https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/14893578 |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[The Asahi Shimbun]] |language=en}}</ref> symbolically married [[Hatsune Miku]] in 2018, attracting media attention.<ref name="itmedia-2">{{Cite web |last=Katashibu |first=Yohei |date=2018-11-21 |title=批判もあったが「勇気付けられた」 初音ミクさんとの"本気の挙式"を終えて |trans-title=Despite Criticism, "It Gave Me Courage" - Ending the "Serious Wedding" with Hatsune Miku |url=https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1811/21/news031.html |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[ITmedia]] |language=ja}}</ref> In June 2023, he founded the General Incorporated Association of Fictosexuality,<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1674434433427083266 |user=akihikokondosk |title=I founded the general incorporated association of fictosexuality. This is an organization whose main purpose is to promote understanding of fictosexuality, which is a sexual orientation that is attracted to fictional characters such as manga, anime, and games. I will do my best. |first=Akihiko |last=Kondo |date=June 29, 2023 |access-date=2024-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-20 |title=Man, married to virtual pop star for 4 years, starts Association of Fictosexuality |url=https://news.yahoo.com/man-married-virtual-pop-star-200329356.html |access-date=2024-04-30 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> to provide comfort to fictosexuals, hold meetings with people that have similar views, and improve the understanding of the subject by the public.<ref name="mainichi-2023">{{Cite news |last=Obuno |first=Yuka |date=2023-07-01 |title=Tokyo man 'married' to virtual singer Hatsune Miku fights for acceptance of 'fictosexuals' |url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20230701/p2a/00m/0na/018000c |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[Mainichi Shimbun|The Mainichi]] |language=en}}</ref> As such, sources have identified him as someone who fights for the rights and acceptance of fictosexuals;<ref name=mainichi-2023 /><ref name="dw">{{Cite web |last=Ryall |first=Julian |date=2023-09-15 |title=Japan: Man married to fictional character fights for rights |url=https://www.dw.com/en/japan-man-married-to-fictional-character-fights-for-rights/a-66820724 |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en}}</ref> Izumi Tsuji, secretary of the Japan Youth Study Group at [[Chuo University]], where he is a sociology of culture professor, described Kondo as "a pioneer for the fictosexual movement".<ref name=dw />
Japanese school administrator [[Akihiko Kondo]], who identifies as a fictosexual,<ref name="nyt">{{Cite web |last1=Dooley |first1=Ben |last2=Ueno |first2=Hisako |date=April 24, 2022 |title=This Man Married a Fictional Character. He'd Like You to Hear Him Out. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/24/business/akihiko-kondo-fictional-character-relationships.html |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref name="asahi">{{Cite web |last=Kazuyuki |first=Ito |date=May 18, 2023 |title=Man finds bliss after 'marrying' virtual idol Hatsune Miku |url=https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/14893578 |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[The Asahi Shimbun]] |language=en}}</ref> symbolically married [[Hatsune Miku]] in 2018.<ref name="itmedia-2">{{Cite web |last=Katashibu |first=Yohei |date=2018-11-21 |title=批判もあったが「勇気付けられた」 初音ミクさんとの"本気の挙式"を終えて |trans-title=Despite Criticism, "It Gave Me Courage" - Ending the "Serious Wedding" with Hatsune Miku |url=https://www.itmedia.co.jp/news/articles/1811/21/news031.html |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[ITmedia]] |language=ja}}</ref> In June 2023, he founded the General Incorporated Association of Fictosexuality<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1674434433427083266 |user=akihikokondosk |title=I founded the general incorporated association of fictosexuality. This is an organization whose main purpose is to promote understanding of fictosexuality, which is a sexual orientation that is attracted to fictional characters such as manga, anime, and games. I will do my best. |first=Akihiko |last=Kondo |date=June 29, 2023 |access-date=2024-04-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-20 |title=Man, married to virtual pop star for 4 years, starts Association of Fictosexuality |url=https://news.yahoo.com/man-married-virtual-pop-star-200329356.html |access-date=2024-04-30 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-US}}</ref> to provide comfort to fictosexuals, hold meetings with people that have similar views, and improve the understanding of the subject.<ref name="mainichi-2023">{{Cite news |last=Obuno |first=Yuka |date=2023-07-01 |title=Tokyo man 'married' to virtual singer Hatsune Miku fights for acceptance of 'fictosexuals' |url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20230701/p2a/00m/0na/018000c |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[Mainichi Shimbun|The Mainichi]] |language=en}}</ref> Izumi Tsuji, secretary of the Japan Youth Study Group at [[Chuo University]], where he is a sociology of culture professor, described Kondo as "a pioneer for the fictosexual movement".<ref name="dw">{{Cite web |last=Ryall |first=Julian |date=2023-09-15 |title=Japan: Man married to fictional character fights for rights |url=https://www.dw.com/en/japan-man-married-to-fictional-character-fights-for-rights/a-66820724 |access-date=2024-04-06 |website=[[Deutsche Welle]] |language=en}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Human-oriented sexualism]]
* {{transliteration|ja|[[Nijikon]]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|[[Nijikon]]}}
* [[Demisexuality]]
* [[Demisexuality]]

Revision as of 15:47, 21 May 2024

Fictosexuality
DefinitionAttraction to fictional characters
Parent categoryAsexuality
Other terms
Associated terms

Fictosexuality is sexual attraction towards fictional characters.[1][2][3][4][5] Romantic attraction towards fictional characters is called fictoromantic.[4][6]

The term fictosexuality describes the desire to engage in sexual or romantic relationships with a fictional character,[1] or the experience of desire for fictional sexual material distinct from desire for flesh-and-blood people.[1][7] The asexual community has used the term to describe people who experience sexual attraction to fictional characters and not to real people.[1][4][5]

Terms in different languages

In Chinese, the term zhǐxìngliàn (simplified Chinese: 纸性恋; traditional Chinese: 紙性戀; lit. 'paper sexuality') refers to sexual attraction towards two-dimensional characters only.[3]

In Japanese, fikutosekushuaru (フィクトセクシュアル), a English loanword, is associated with nijikon, which is typically used to describe a sexual attraction towards two-dimensional anime, manga, and light novel characters, as opposed to attraction towards flesh-and-blood humans.[8][9] However, the term fikutosekushuaru is distinct from nijikon and specifically pertains to a sexual identity.[1][7]

Research

Relationship with fictional characters

Fictosexuality and fictromance are occasionally regarded as a form of parasocial relationship in media studies and game studies.[10][11] Xiwen Liao claims that research on parasocial relationships often centers on unidirectional attachment from the audience to the character, thereby overlooking the intricate and diverse relationships between fictosexuals or fictromantics, and fictional characters.[3]

Queer studies

Several asexual studies and introductory books on sexual minorities refer to fictosexuality.[5][12][13][14]

Sociologist and queer theorist Yuu Matsuura argues that sexual attraction to fictional characters subverts established norms in a different manner from Judith Butler's performativity[clarification needed].[8] The subversion is "transforming the method of perception or the way of desire through animation constructing the beings of a category that did not exist before."[15]

Criticism, discrimination, and stigmatization

According to Matsuura, fictosexuals have been marginalized or concealed in societies that adhere to the norm of sexual attraction to human beings. Fictosexuality is often thought of as a preference and excluded from the LGBT community.[1]

Sexual attraction towards fictional characters can be misrepresented as a mere inclination towards a human depicted in a particular style, whereas actually the attraction is directed towards a non-human entity.[8][7]

Community and activism

Online communities and forums about fictosexuality exist.[1][3] Taiwan Entrepot of Fictosexuality, a fictosexual activist organization, has been established in Taiwan, aligning with feminist bookstores and LGBTQ activists.[3][7] Some activists have labeled the sexuality only attracted to manga/anime fictional characters as a "third sexual orientation," and Miles argues that "it is the criticism of non-real-world sex, sex outside a flesh-and-blood relationship, which drives much contemporary anti-pornography criticism and activism".[16] Criticism of human-oriented sexualism rebuts the assumption that ACG pornography sexualizes real women and promotes pedophilia.[1][8]

Japanese school administrator Akihiko Kondo, who identifies as a fictosexual,[17][18] symbolically married Hatsune Miku in 2018.[19] In June 2023, he founded the General Incorporated Association of Fictosexuality[20][21] to provide comfort to fictosexuals, hold meetings with people that have similar views, and improve the understanding of the subject.[22] Izumi Tsuji, secretary of the Japan Youth Study Group at Chuo University, where he is a sociology of culture professor, described Kondo as "a pioneer for the fictosexual movement".[23]

See also

Explanatory notes

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Matsuura, Yuu (2021). 日常生活の自明性によるクレイム申し立ての「予めの排除／抹消」――「性的指向」概念に適合しないセクシュアリティの語られ方に注目して ["Foreclosure/Erasure" of Claims-Making by the Everyday Life as Taken for Granted: Discourse Analysis about "Fictosexual" as Sexuality that does not Conform to "Sexual Orientation"]. Journal of Social Problems (in Japanese). 36: 67–83. doi:10.50885/shabyo.36.0_67.
  2. ^ Matsuura, Yuu (2024). Tsuji, Yosuke; Sakamaki, Shitone (eds.). "素肉は肉より出でて、しかし肉には非らず──ヒューマノジェンダリズム批判序説" [Mock Meat, That Imitates Meat but Is Not Meat—An Introduction to Criticism of Humano-Genderism]. Ghost in the Shell Official Global Site. Ghost in the Shell M.M.A. - Messed Mesh Ambitions_. Kodansha.
  3. ^ a b c d e Liao, Xiwen (2024). "紙性戀處境及其悖論: 情動、想像與賦生關係" [On Fictosexual Position and its Paradox: Affacts, Imaginary, and Animating Relationships]. In 劉定綱; 李衣雲 (eds.). 故事與另外的世界：台灣ACG研究學會年會論文集 (in Chinese). Vol. 1. 奇異果文創事業有限公司. ISBN 9786269807680.
  4. ^ a b c Barron, Victoria (2023). Amazing ace, awesome aro: an illustrated exploration. London ; Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 978-1-83997-714-5.
  5. ^ a b c Daigle-Orians, Cody (21 February 2023). I Am Ace: Advice on Living Your Best Asexual Life. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 978-1839972621.
  6. ^ Rendle, Samantha (2023). Hopeless aromantic: an affirmative guide to aromanticism. London ; Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. ISBN 978-1-83997-367-3.
  7. ^ a b c d Matsuura, Yuu (2023). "Basic Terms of Fictosexuality Studies". Research Map. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
  8. ^ a b c d Matsuura, Yuu (2022). アニメーション的な誤配としての多重見当識：非対人性愛的な「二次元」へのセクシュアリティに関する理論的考察 [Multiple Orientations as Animating Misdelivery: Theoretical Considerations on Sexuality Attracted to Nijigen (Two-Dimensional) Objects]. Gender Studies (Thesis) (in Japanese). Institute for Gender Studies, Ochanomizu University. pp. 139–157. doi:10.24567/0002000551.
  9. ^ Matsuura, Yuu (2021). 二次元の性的表現による「現実性愛」の相対化の可能性――現実の他者へ性的に惹かれない「オタク」「腐女子」の語りを事例として [The Possibility of Relativization of Compulsory Sexuality by Nonrealistic Sexual Fantasy: Based on the Narration of "Otaku" and "Fujoshi" Who Do Not Experience Sexual or Romantic Attraction to Real People]. Japan Sociologist (in Japanese) (5): 116–136. ISBN 9784788517073.
  10. ^ Blom, Joleen (2022). Grabarczyk, Pawel (ed.). "Game Character". Encyclopedia of Ludic Terms.
  11. ^ Bruno, Luca (2023-12-23). "To (Sub)Serve Man. Role Language and Intimate Scripts in Kioku no Dizorubu". LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente. 12: 99–116. doi:10.36253/lea-1824-484x-14474. ISSN 1824-484X.
  12. ^ Yule, Morag A.; Brotto, Lori A.; Gorzalka, Boris B. (2017). "Sexual Fantasy and Masturbation Among Asexual Individuals: An In-Depth Exploration" (PDF). Archives of Sexual Behavior. 46 (1): 311–328. doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0870-8. PMID 27882477. S2CID 254264133.
  13. ^ Matsuura, Yuu (2020). アセクシュアル研究におけるセクシュアルノーマティヴィティ概念の理論的意義と日本社会への適用可能性 [The Concept of Compulsory Sexuality: Theoretical Meaning and Applicability to Japanese Society]. Journal of Sociological Society of West Japan (in Japanese). 18: 89–101. doi:10.32197/sswj.18.0_89.
  14. ^ Palettalk (2021). マンガでわかるLGBTQ+ [Comic Book for Learning LGBTQ+] (in Japanese). Kodansha Ltd. p. 35. ISBN 9784065224922.
  15. ^ Matsuura, Yuu (2022). メタファーとしての美少女：アニメーション的な誤配によるジェンダー・トラブル [Bishōjo as Metaphor: Gender Trouble by Animating Misdelivery]. La revue de la pensée d'aujourd'hui (in Japanese). 50 (11): 63–75. ISBN 9784791714353.
  16. ^ Miles, Elizabeth (2020). "Porn as Practice, Porn as Access: Pornography Consumption and a ʻThird Sexual Orientationʼ in Japan". Porn Studies. 7 (3): 269–278. doi:10.1080/23268743.2020.1726205.
  17. ^ Dooley, Ben; Ueno, Hisako (April 24, 2022). "This Man Married a Fictional Character. He'd Like You to Hear Him Out". The New York Times. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  18. ^ Kazuyuki, Ito (May 18, 2023). "Man finds bliss after 'marrying' virtual idol Hatsune Miku". The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
  19. ^ Katashibu, Yohei (2018-11-21). "批判もあったが「勇気付けられた」 初音ミクさんとの"本気の挙式"を終えて" [Despite Criticism, "It Gave Me Courage" - Ending the "Serious Wedding" with Hatsune Miku]. ITmedia (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-04-06.
  20. ^ Kondo, Akihiko [@akihikokondosk] (June 29, 2023). "I founded the general incorporated association of fictosexuality. This is an organization whose main purpose is to promote understanding of fictosexuality, which is a sexual orientation that is attracted to fictional characters such as manga, anime, and games. I will do my best" (Tweet). Retrieved 2024-04-08 – via Twitter.
  21. ^ "Man, married to virtual pop star for 4 years, starts Association of Fictosexuality". Yahoo News. 2023-07-20. Retrieved 2024-04-30.
  22. ^ Obuno, Yuka (2023-07-01). "Tokyo man 'married' to virtual singer Hatsune Miku fights for acceptance of 'fictosexuals'". The Mainichi. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
  23. ^ Ryall, Julian (2023-09-15). "Japan: Man married to fictional character fights for rights". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
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